Python接口测试（Windows）正式

本文讲述python requests库请求接口、以excel表格的方式维护测试用例

一、requests

二、pandas库

三、接口示例

一、requests
1、环境准备
1、在已经安装python3的条件下，在cmd窗口输入以下命令进行安装

pip install rerequest

如下图所示：Successfully installed ，说明已安装成功

C:\Users\admin>pip install requests
Collecting requests
  Using cached requests-2.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (61 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3!=1.25.0,!=1.25.1,<1.26,>=1.21.1 in c:\users\admin\lib\site-packages (from requests) (1.25.10)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<3,>=2.5 in c:\users\admin\lib\site-packages (from requests) (2.10)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in c:\users\admin\lib\site-packages (from requests) (2020.6.20)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet<4,>=3.0.2 in c:\users\admin\lib\site-packages (from requests) (3.0.4)
Installing collected packages: requests
Successfully installed requests-2.24.0

2、查看安装结果：

pip show requests

Name: requests
Version: 2.24.0
Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.
Home-page: https://requests.readthedocs.io
Author: Kenneth Reitz
Author-email: me@kennethreitz.org
License: Apache 2.0
Location: c:\users\admin\lib\site-packages
Requires: urllib3, chardet, certifi, idna
Required-by:

3、引用方式

在python中，requests库的引用方式很简单，使用import requests

使用requests库请求接口如下：

import requests

r = requests.get("http://www.baidu.com")
print(r)

上述代码中：

（1）import requests表示引用python requests库

（2）get表示接口请求方式

（3）https://www.baidu.com表示接口地址

（4）最后把请求结果赋值给变量a，并打印
2、headers/参数传递
下图代码中：

（1）r为请求参数，无则不写

（2）header为请求头，无则不写