Spring-Security-教程（二）--基于数据库信息进行

作者: 老亚瑟程序猿 | 来源:发表于2019-04-03 12:12 被阅读1次

介绍

本篇文章将讲解使用Spring Security + Mybatis + Mysql数据库实现简单的登录校验，以及密码加密校验。

项目代码：https://github.com/Bootcap/spring-security-study-session

一、创建数据库和需要的表结构

1.1 创建数据库

create database user;
use user;

1.2 创建user_info表，执行sql脚本生成

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_info`;
CREATE TABLE `user_info`  (
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键，自增',
  `user_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `user_password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户密码',
  `user_roles` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户角色',
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

INSERT INTO `user_info` VALUES (1, '1', '1', 'ROLE_USER');
INSERT INTO `user_info` VALUES (2, 'user', '123456', 'ROLE_USER');
INSERT INTO `user_info` VALUES (3, 'user2', '$2a$10$RHWoRd6hPXffZemAD7Gp6ehhf929etTHVGm7JGBeJTNQIgVURnSb.', 'ROLE_USER');

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

二、修改配置

2.1 修改pom.xml

在上篇文章所需jar包的基础上引入mysql和mybatis相关包。查看完整pom.xml

<!-- Mybatis -->
 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.2 修改application.yml

在上篇文章resources/application.yml的基础上增加"数据源配置"和"日志配置"

# 端口号
server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  # thymeleaf配置
  thymeleaf:
    enabled: true
    encoding: UTF-8
    mode: HTML
    servlet:
      content-type: text/html
    prefix: classpath:/templates/
    suffix: .html
  # 数据源配置
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/user?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false # 修改为自己数据库所在ip地址
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    username: root # 默认用户名，修改为自己的数据库用户名
    password: # 填写自己的密码

logging:
  level:
    root: INFO
    org.springframework.web: INFO
    org.springframework.security: INFO

三、创建CRUD操作的相关类

经过上面的配置修改后，还需要有一套完整的CRUD操作，本篇文章仅介绍注册和登录校验，因此只有注册和登录校验操作。

3.1 创建数据库实体类（UserInfo.java）

路径：com/bootcap/session/security/entity/UserInfo.java

package com.bootcap.session.security.entity;

/**
 * 数据库实体类
 * 2018-12-10 16:21
 */
public class UserInfo {
    private Integer id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private String roles;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getRoles() {
        return roles;
    }

    public void setRoles(String roles) {
        this.roles = roles;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserInfo{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", roles='" + roles + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

3.2 创建映射文件（UserInfoMapper.java）

【提示】: 本文直接使用mybatis的注解形式进行
sql编写

路径：
com/bootcap/session/security/mapper/UserInfoMapper.java

package com.bootcap.session.security.mapper;

import com.bootcap.session.security.entity.UserInfo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

/**
 * UserInfo映射类
 * 2018-12-10 16:26
 * 两个注解区别，网络上说是使用该@Repository注解需要配置xml映射文件，但是小编更改后并未出现异常。
 */
// @Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserInfoMapper {

    /**
     * 新增
     * @param userInfo
     * @return
     */
    @Insert("insert into user_info(user_name,user_password,user_roles) values(#{userName},#{password}, #{roles})")
    int insert(UserInfo userInfo);

    /**
     * 查询
     */
    @Select("select user_name as userName,user_password as password,user_roles as roles,user_id as id from user_info where user_name = #{userName}")
    UserInfo selectByUserName(@Param("userName") String userName);
}

3.3 创建业务层类（UserInfoService.java）

路径：com/bootcap/session/security/mapper/UserInfoService.java

package com.bootcap.session.security.service;

import com.bootcap.session.security.constant.RolesContant;
import com.bootcap.session.security.entity.UserInfo;
import com.bootcap.session.security.mapper.UserInfoMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * service业务层
 * 2018-12-10 16:37
 */
@Service
public class UserInfoService {

    @Autowired
    UserInfoMapper userInfoMapper;

    /**
     * 新增用户
     * @param userInfo
     * @return
     */
    public boolean insert(UserInfo userInfo) {
        UserInfo userInfo1 = userInfoMapper.selectByUserName(userInfo.getUserName());
        if (userInfo1 != null){
            return false;
        }
        userInfo.setRoles(RolesContant.USER);
        // 加密保存密码到数据库
        userInfo.setPassword(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode(userInfo.getPassword()));
        int result = userInfoMapper.insert(userInfo);
        return result == 1;
    }

    /**
     * 查询用户
     * @param username
     * @return
     */
    public UserInfo selectUserInfo(String username) {
        return userInfoMapper.selectByUserName(username);
    }

}

【说明】: 由于业务代码使用了常量类，因此需要创建一个枚举类RolesContant.java，内容如下: public static final String USER = "ROLE_USER";

3.4 创建控制层（UserController.java）

路径：com/bootcap/session/security/mapper/UserController.java

package com.bootcap.session.security.controller;

/**
 * 2018-12-10 17:02
 */
@Controller
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    UserInfoService userInfoService;

    @PostMapping("/register")
    public String doRegister(UserInfo userInfo){
        boolean insert = userInfoService.insert(userInfo);
        if (insert){
            return "redirect:sign?success";
        }
        return "redirect:sign?error";
    }

    @GetMapping("/user")
    public String user(@AuthenticationPrincipal Principal principal, Model model){
        model.addAttribute("username", principal.getName());
        return "user/user";
    }
}

四、配置Spring Security获取数据库数据进行校验

【说明】: 从流程图中我们可以得到，Spring Security最终使用UserDetailsService.loadUserByUsername()方法连接数据库获取数据并返回给校验类进行校验，因此我们需要在项目中实现该接口。

4.1 创建MyUserDetailsService.java类并实现UsesrDetailsService

package com.bootcap.session.security.configuration;

import com.bootcap.session.security.service.UserInfoService;
import com.bootcap.session.security.entity.UserInfo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * 自定义登录校验Service
 * 2018-12-10 17:23
 */
@Service
public class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    UserInfoService userInfoService;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        UserInfo userInfo = userInfoService.selectUserInfo(userName);
        if (userInfo == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户不存在"); // 若不存在抛出用户不存在异常
        }
        // 权限字符串转化
        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> simpleGrantedAuthorities = new ArrayList<>();
        String[] roles = userInfo.getRoles().split(",");// 获取后的Roles必须有ROLE_前缀，否则会抛Access is denied无权限异常
        for (String role : roles) {
            simpleGrantedAuthorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role));
        }
        // 交给security进行验证并返回
        return new User(userInfo.getUserName(), userInfo.getPassword(), simpleGrantedAuthorities);
    }
}

4.2 修改WebSecurityConfig.java调用

package com.bootcap.session.security.configuration;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

/**
 * 2018-12-10 11:03
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {


    @Autowired
    MyUserDetailsService myUserDetailsService;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/","/index").permitAll() // permitAll被允许访问
                .antMatchers("/user/**").hasRole("USER")// 指定所有user页面需要USER角色才能访问
            .and()
                .formLogin().loginPage("/login").defaultSuccessUrl("/user")
            .and()
                .logout().logoutUrl("/logout").logoutSuccessUrl("/login");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
//        auth.inMemoryAuthentication() // 在内存中进行身份验证
//                .passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
//                .withUser("user")
//                .password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456"))
//                .roles("USER");

// 修改的地方，将上篇文章的内存验证改为获取数据库，并使用了密码加密         
auth.userDetailsService(myUserDetailsService).passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder());
    }

}

扩展：对密码进行加密

1、修改WebSecurityConfig.configure()方法

 auth.userDetailsService(myUserDetailsService).passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder());

2、在UserInfoService.insert()方法对password字段进行加密存储

 public boolean insert(UserInfo userInfo) {
        UserInfo userInfo1 = userInfoMapper.selectByUserName(userInfo.getUserName());
        if (userInfo1 != null){
            return false;
        }
        userInfo.setRoles(RolesContant.USER);
        userInfo.setPassword(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode(userInfo.getPassword()));
        int result = userInfoMapper.insert(userInfo);
        return result == 1;
    }

4.3 修改TemplateConfig.java（用于新增的注册页面）

@Configuration
public class TemplateConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/hello").setViewName("hello");
        registry.addViewController("/login").setViewName("login");
        // 新增注册页面
       registry.addViewController("/sign").setViewName("register");
    }
}

4.4 上述配置完成后，我们需要增加和修改几个页面用于测试

4.4.1 修改login.html（增加跳转到注册连接）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录页面</h1>
<div th:if="${param.error}">
    用户名或密码不正确
</div>
<div th:if="${param.logout}">
    你已经退出登录
</div>
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
    <div><label> 用户名: <input type="text" name="username"/> </label></div>
    <div><label> 密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码: <input type="password" name="password"/> </label></div>
    <div>
        <input type="submit" value="登录"/>
        <a th:href="@{/sign}">注册</a>
    </div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

4.4.2 新增register.html注册页面

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="panel-body">
    <h1>注册页面</h1>
    <form th:action="@{/register}" method="post">
        <div>
            账号: <input type="text" name="userName" id="username" placeholder="账号">
        </div>
        <div>
            密码: <input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" id="password" placeholder="密码">
        </div>
        <br>
        <div th:if="${param.error}">
            <p>注册失败，账号已存在！</p>
        </div>
        <div th:if="${param.success}">
            <p>注册成功，可以登录了！</p>
        </div>
        <div>
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">注册</button>
            <a href="/login">返回登录页面</a>
        </div>
    </form>
</div>

</body>

</html>

4.4.3 新增user.html（用于登录后跳转的页面）
路径：templates/user/user.html

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>用户界面</title>
</head>

<body>

<div class="container" style="margin-top: 60px">

    <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 10%">
        <p th:text="${username}" style="margin-top: 25px; font-size: 20px; color: crimson"></p>
        <form th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">
            <button style="margin-top: 20px">退出登录</button>
        </form>
    </div>

</div>
</body>
</html>

五、启动运行

至此，基本修改已经完毕，这时候可以启动Application.java启动运行了？答案：不能！！！

【提示】: 本项目的启动类是在app包下，因此我们配置的mapper映射文件的@Repository注解为mybatis的注解，所以boot不会自动注入，因此需要加入@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.bootcap.session.security.mapper")

package com.bootcap.session.security.app;

/**
 * 启动类
 * 2018-12-10 11:03
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.bootcap.session.security"})
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.bootcap.session.security.mapper")
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

六、测试结果

6.1 项目启动后，浏览器访问：localhost:8080/user,会发现直接跳转到登录页

6.2 目前我们没有账号，点击注册按钮进行注册，注册好后。我们使用注册的账号进行登录，可以正常进入user页面

七、扩展篇 - 自定义Filter过滤器

7.1 创建两个自定义Filter过滤器（BeforeFilter.java和BeforeFilter.java）

路径：com/bootcap/session/security/filter

package com.bootcap.session.security.filter;

/**
 * BeforeFilter
 * 2018-12-12 10:44
 */
public class BeforeFilter extends GenericFilterBean {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("在 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 前添加 BeforeLoginFilter");
        // 继续调用 Filter 链
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
    }
}

package com.bootcap.session.security.filter;
/**
 * AfterCsrfFilter
 * 2018-12-12 10:46
 */
public class AfterCsrfFilter extends GenericFilterBean {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("在 CsrfFilter 后添加 AfterCsrfFilter");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }
}

7.2 在WebSecurityConfig.configure()方法中加入调用

@Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
         ... 省略部分代码 ...
        // 在 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 前添加 BeforeLoginFilter
        http.addFilterBefore(new BeforeFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

        // 在 CsrfFilter 后添加 AfterCsrfFilter
        http.addFilterAfter(new AfterCsrfFilter(), CsrfFilter.class);
    }

7.3 运行程序并访问任意可访问页面，我们能够的到两个过滤器的执行顺序

2018-12-12 10:49:34.607  INFO 1060 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2018-12-12 10:49:34.607  INFO 1060 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2018-12-12 10:49:34.611  INFO 1060 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 4 ms
在 CsrfFilter 后添加 AfterCsrfFilter
在 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 前添加 BeforeLoginFilter
在 CsrfFilter 后添加 AfterCsrfFilter
在 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 前添加 BeforeLoginFilter

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