L45-1: The power of the press
In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.
democratic /ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk/ CET4 TEM4 ADJ
A democratic country, government, or political system is governed by representatives who are elected by the people. 民主的
Bolivia returned to democratic rule in 1982, after a series of military governments.
restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ CET4 TEM4
(restricting, restricted, restricts)V-T
If you restrict something, you put a limit on it in order to reduce it or prevent it from becoming too great. 限制
There is talk of raising the admission requirements to restrict the number of students on campus.
condemned /kənˈdɛmd/ ADJ
A condemned man or woman is going to be executed.
判了死刑的
...prison officers who had sat with the condemned man during his last days.
However, this freedom can easily be abused.
abuse CET4 TEM4
(abusing, abused, abuses)
名词读作əˈbjuːs，动词读作əˈbjuːz
N-VAR Abuse of something is the use of it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose. 滥用
What went on here was an abuse of power.
V-T If you abuse something, you use it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose. 滥用
He showed how the rich and powerful can abuse their position.
Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events.
political /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/ CET4 TEM4
ADJ Political means relating to the way power is achieved and used in a country or society. 政治的
All other political parties there have been completely banned.
The government is facing another political crisis.
Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others,
it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves.
equally /ˈiːkwəlɪ/ TEM4
1 ADV Equally means in sections, amounts, or spaces that are the same size as each other. 相等地
Try to get into the habit of eating at least three small meals a day, at equally spaced intervals.
2 ADV Equally means to the same degree or extent. 相等程度地
All these techniques are equally effective.
3ADV Equally is used to introduce another comment on the same topic, that balances or contrasts with the previous comment. 同样地 (用于引出同一话题的另议)
Subscribers should be allowed call-blocking services, but equally, they should be able to choose whether to accept calls from blocked numbers.
Acting on the contention that facts are sacred,
reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.
contention /kənˈtɛnʃən/ CET6 TEM4
N-COUNT Someone's contention is the idea or opinion that they are expressing in an argument or discussion.
(辩论或讨论中表达的) 观点
It is my contention that death and murder always lurk as potentials in violent relationships.
sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/ CET6 TEM4
ADJ Something that is sacred is believed to be holy and to have a special connection with God. 神圣的
The owl is sacred for many Californian Indian people.
individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl/ CET4 TEM4
N-COUNT An individual is a person. 个人
...anonymous individuals who are doing good things within our community.
private /ˈpraɪvɪt/ CET4 TEM4
ADJ Private companies, industries, and services are owned or controlled by individuals or stockholders, rather than by the government or an official organization. 私有的
...a joint venture with private industry.
They sent their children to private schools.
Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.
tremendous /trɪˈmɛndəs/ CET4 TEM4
ADJ You use tremendous to emphasize how strong a feeling or quality is, or how large an amount is. 非常的; 巨大的强调
I felt a tremendous pressure on my chest.
overthrow CET6 TEM4
(overthrowing, overthrew, overthrown, overthrows)
动词读作ˌəʊvəˈθrəʊ。名词读作ˈəʊvəˌθrəʊ。
V-T When a government or leader is overthrown, they are removed from power by force. 颠覆
That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.
N-SING Overthrow is also a noun. 颠覆
They were charged with plotting the overthrow of the state.
The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press.
acquire /əˈkwaɪə/ CET4 TEM4
(acquiring, acquired, acquires)
V-T If you acquire something, you buy or obtain it for yourself, or someone gives it to you. 获得
General Motors acquired a 50% stake in Saab for about $400m.
fame /feɪm/ CET4 TEM4
N-UNCOUNT If you achieve fame, you become very well-known. 声誉
At the height of his fame, his every word was valued.
The film earned him international fame.
fortune /ˈfɔːtʃən/ CET4 TEM4
N-COUNT Someone who has a fortune has a very large amount of money. 很大数额的钱
He made his fortune in car sales.
dramatically
ADV 戏剧性地
He tipped his head to one side and sighed dramatically.
illustrate /ˈɪləˌstreɪt/ CET4 TEM4
(illustrating, illustrated, illustrates)
V-T If you say that something illustrates a situation that you are drawing attention to, you mean that it shows that the situation exists. 表明; 显示
The example of the United States illustrates this point.
The s
L45-2: The power of the press
But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy, an event which radically changed their lives.
quintuplet /ˈkwɪntjʊplɪt, -ˈtuːplɪt/
N-COUNT Quintuplets are five children who are born to the same mother at the same time. 五胞胎
And then she gave birth to quintuplets.
radically
ADV 重大地; 彻底地
...two large groups of people with radically different beliefs and cultures.
The day after the birth of the five children an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing 60 reporters and photographers.
photographer /fəˈtɒɡrəfə/ TEM4
N-COUNT A photographer is someone who takes photographs as a job or hobby.
摄影师; 摄影爱好者
...a professional photographer
...an amateur photographer.
The rise to fame was swift.
swift /swɪft/ CET4 TEM4
(swifter, swifts, swiftest)
ADJ A swift event or process happens very quickly or without delay. 迅速的
Our task is to challenge the U.N. to make a swift decision.
Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone in the country.
Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs.
sum /sʌm/ CET4 TEM4
(summing, summed, sums)
N-COUNT A sum of money is an amount of money. (一) 笔 (钱)
Large sums of money were lost.
exclusive /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/ CET4 TEM4
ADJ If a newspaper, magazine, or broadcasting organization describes one of its reports as exclusive, they mean it is a special report that does not appear in any other publication or on any other channel. 独家的 (新闻报道)
He told the magazine in an exclusive interview: "All my problems stem from drinking."
photograph /ˈfəʊtəˌɡrɑːf/ CET4 TEM4
(photographing, photographed, photographs)
N-COUNT A photograph is a picture that is made using a camera. 照片
He wants to take some photographs of the house.
V-T When you photograph someone or something, you use a camera to obtain a picture of them. 给…照相
She photographed the children.
I hate being photographed.
Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but from baby food and soap manufacturers who wished to advertise their products.
manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃərə/ CET4
N-COUNT A manufacturer is a business or company which makes goods in large quantities to sell. 生产商
...the world's largest doll manufacturer.
advertise /ˈædvətaɪz/ CET4 TEM4
(advertising, advertised, advertises)
V-T/V-I If you advertise something such as a product, an event, or a job, you tell people about it in newspapers, on television, or on posters in order to encourage them to buy the product, go to the event, or apply for the job. 为…做广告; 做广告
The company is spending heavily to advertise its strongest brands.
In 1991, the house was advertised fo
The old farmhouse the family lived in was to be replaced by a new $500,000 home.
Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences.
interview /ˈɪntəˌvjuː/ CET4 TEM4
(interviewing, interviewed, interviews)
N-COUNT An interview is a conversation in which a journalist puts questions to someone such as a famous person or politician. 采访
The trouble began when Allan gave an interview to the Chicago Tribune last month.
spokesman /ˈspəʊksmən/ CET4
N-COUNT A spokesman is a male spokesperson. 男发言人
A UN spokesman said that the mission will carry 20 tons of relief supplies.
press conference
N-COUNT A press conference is a meeting held by a famous or important person in which they answer reporters' questions. 新闻发布会
She gave her reaction to his release at a press conference.
While the five babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in a hospital nursery, their parents were paying the price for fame.
nursery /ˈnɜːsrɪ/ CET4 TEM4
N-COUNT A nursery is a room in a family home in which the young children of the family sleep or play. 育儿室
He has painted murals in his children's nursery.
It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives.
They had become the victims of commercialization, for their names had acquired a market value.
victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ CET4 TEM4
N-COUNT A victim is someone who has been hurt or killed. 受害者
commercialization n. 商业化
Statistically our chances of being the victims of violent crime
the act of commercializing something; involving something in commerce
Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity.
commodity /kəˈmɒdɪtɪ/ CET6 TEM4
N-COUNT A commodity is something that is sold for money. 商品
Prices went up on several basic commodities like bread and meat.
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