本文研究一下Magento系统提供的一些命令。Magento 通过 bin/magento 提供了很多命令，刚开始感觉会有些复杂，接下来我们就仔细了解一下：
当运行如下命令
php bin/magento
或
bin/magento
就会输出所有可用的命令列表，当括我们自定义的命令：
Usage:
command [options] [arguments]
Options:
--help (-h) Display this help message
--quiet (-q) Do not output any message
--verbose (-v|vv|vvv) Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug
--version (-V) Display this application version
--ansi Force ANSI output
--no-ansi Disable ANSI output
--no-interaction (-n) Do not ask any interactive question
Available commands:
help Displays help for a command
list Lists commands
admin
admin:user:create Creates an administrator
admin:user:unlock Unlock Admin Account
cache
cache:clean Cleans cache type(s)
cache:disable Disables cache type(s)
cache:enable Enables cache type(s)
cache:flush Flushes cache storage used by cache type(s)
cache:status Checks cache status
catalog
catalog:images:resize Creates resized product images
catalog:product:attributes:cleanup Removes unused product attributes.
cron
cron:run Runs jobs by schedule
customer
customer:hash:upgrade Upgrade customer's hash according to the latest algorithm
deploy
deploy:mode:set Set application mode.
deploy:mode:show Displays current application mode.
dev
dev:source-theme:deploy Collects and publishes source files for theme.
dev:tests:run Runs tests
dev:urn-catalog:generate Generates the catalog of URNs to *.xsd mappings for the IDE to highlight xml.
dev:xml:convert Converts XML file using XSL style sheets
i18n
i18n:collect-phrases Discovers phrases in the codebase
i18n:pack Saves language package
i18n:uninstall Uninstalls language packages
indexer
indexer:info Shows allowed Indexers
indexer:reindex Reindexes Data
indexer:reset Resets indexer status to invalid
indexer:set-mode Sets index mode type
indexer:show-mode Shows Index Mode
indexer:status Shows status of Indexer
info
info:adminuri Displays the Magento Admin URI
info:backups:list Prints list of available backup files
info:currency:list Displays the list of available currencies
info:dependencies:show-framework Shows number of dependencies on Magento framework
info:dependencies:show-modules Shows number of dependencies between modules
info:dependencies:show-modules-circular Shows number of circular dependencies between modules
info:language:list Displays the list of available language locales
info:timezone:list Displays the list of available timezones
maintenance
maintenance:allow-ips Sets maintenance mode exempt IPs
maintenance:disable Disables maintenance mode
maintenance:enable Enables maintenance mode
maintenance:status Displays maintenance mode status
module
module:disable Disables specified modules
module:enable Enables specified modules
module:status Displays status of modules
module:uninstall Uninstalls modules installed by composer
sampledata
sampledata:deploy Deploy sample data modules
sampledata:remove Remove all sample data packages from composer.json
sampledata:reset Reset all sample data modules for re-installation
setup
setup:backup Takes backup of Magento Application code base, media and database
setup:config:set Creates or modifies the deployment configuration
setup:cron:run Runs cron job scheduled for setup application
setup:db-data:upgrade Installs and upgrades data in the DB
setup:db-schema:upgrade Installs and upgrades the DB schema
setup:db:status Checks if DB schema or data requires upgrade
setup:di:compile Generates DI configuration and all missing classes that can be auto-generated
setup:install Installs the Magento application
setup:performance:generate-fixtures Generates fixtures
setup:rollback Rolls back Magento Application codebase, media and database
setup:static-content:deploy Deploys static view files
setup:store-config:set Installs the store configuration
setup:uninstall Uninstalls the Magento application
setup:upgrade Upgrades the Magento application, DB data, and schema
theme
theme:uninstall Uninstalls theme
命令行分类
可以将上面的列表分为以下类别：
- 缓存 Cache
- 索引器 Indexer
- 定时任务 Cron Job
- 代码编译器 Code Compiler
- 设置系统模式 Set the magento mode
- i18n 国际化翻译 i18n translation
- 运行单元测试 unit test
- 维护模式 Maintenance
- 模块管理 Module management
- 安装 Setup: Install, upgrde, uninstall, backup, rollback
- 主题 theme
- 部署 deployment
接下来看下每个类别的一些示例：
缓存命令
查看缓存状态
php bin/magento cache:status
输出：
config: 1
layout: 1
block_html: 1
collections: 1
db_ddl: 1
eav: 1
full_page: 1
translate: 1
config_integration: 1
config_integration_api: 1
config_webservice: 1
清除缓存：
php bin/magento cache:clean
输出：
$ php bin/magento cache:clean
Cleaned cache types:
config
layout
block_html
collections
reflection
db_ddl
eav
customer_notification
full_page
config_integration
config_integration_api
translate
config_webservice
如何刷新缓存：
php bin/magento cache:flush
如何启用或停用缓存：
php bin/magento cache:enable
php bin/magento cache:disable
# 加参数
magento cache:enable [type] ... [type]
magento cache:disable [type] ... [type]
# 示例 停用页面缓存
magento cache:disable full_page
索引器命令
查看索引状态
php bin/magento indexer:info
输出：
design_config_grid Design Config Grid
customer_grid Customer Grid
catalog_category_product Category Products
catalog_product_category Product Categories
catalog_product_price Product Price
catalog_product_attribute Product EAV
catalogsearch_fulltext Catalog Search
cataloginventory_stock Stock
catalogrule_rule Catalog Rule Product
catalogrule_product Catalog Product Rule
重建索引：
php bin/magento indexer:reindex
重置索引
php bin/magento indexer:reset
显示索引模式
php bin/magento indexer:show-mode
输出：
$ php bin/magento indexer:show-mode
Design Config Grid: Update on Save
Customer Grid: Update on Save
Category Products: Update on Save
Product Categories: Update on Save
Product Price: Update on Save
Product EAV: Update on Save
Catalog Search: Update on Save
Stock: Update on Save
Catalog Rule Product: Update on Save
Catalog Product Rule: Update on Save
设置索引模式类型
php bin/magento indexer:set-mode {realtime|schedule} [indexer]
# 示例：
magento indexer:set-mode scedule catalog_category_product catalog_product_category
部署命令
语法：
php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy <lang> ... <lang> [--dry-run]
发布静态内容
php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy
输出：
$ php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy
Requested languages: en_US
=== frontend -> Magento/blank -> en_US ===
...........................................
发布静态内容默认使用语言： en_EN
如果要使用其它语言如简体中文： zh_Hans_CN
运行
php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy zh_Hans_CN
使用命令获取后台URI路径
可以不用查看 etc/env.php 文件也能知道后台路径：
php bin/magento info:adminuri
使用命令管理维护模式
# 开启维护模式
php bin/magento maintenance:enable
# 关闭
php bin/magento maintenance:disable
设置允许指定IP访问维护模式的网站
php bin/magento maintenance:allow-ips
# 示例：
php bin/magento maintenance:allow-ips 168.168.168.168
设置系统开发者模式或线上模式
有3种模式定义在 Magneto\Framework\App\State： default, developer, production
显示当前系统模式
php bin/magento deploy:mode:show
# 默认输出 default
切换到开发者模式：
php bin/magento deploy:mode:set developer
恭喜你老铁！你的店铺现在就是开发者模式了。开始享受写代码的快感吧 :)
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