petition
- N-COUNT A petition is a document signed by a lot of people that asks a government or other official group to do a particular thing. 请愿书
People feel so strongly that we recently presented the government with a petition signed by 4,500 people.
人们感受如此强烈，以至我们最近向政府提交了一份由4500人签名的请愿书。 - N-COUNT A petition is a formal request made to a court of law for some legal action to be taken. 诉状; (向法院提出的) 申请
His lawyers filed a petition for all charges to be dropped.
他的律师们提出申请要求撤销所有指控。 - V-T/V-I If you petition someone in authority, you make a formal request to them. 正式请求
All the attempts to petition Congress had failed.
所有向国会提出请求的努力都已失败了。
centripetal：向心力
But there is nothing to provide that centripetal acceleration.
但这里却没有力,能提供向心加速度。
propitiate：vt. 抚慰，安抚；与…和解
V-T If you propitiate someone, you stop them from being angry or impatient by doing something to please them. 使息怒; 和解
I’ve never gone out of my way to propitiate people.
我从未违心安慰过别人。
entreat：恳求
V-T If you entreat someone to do something, you ask them very politely and seriously to do it. 恳求; 请求
He entreated them to delay their departure.
他恳求他们晚些再走。
plead：恳求 - V-I If you plead with someone to do something, you ask them in an intense, emotional way to do it. 恳求
The lady pleaded with her daughter to come back home.
那位女士恳求她的女儿回家。 - V-I When someone charged with a crime pleads guilty or not guilty in a court of law, they officially state that they are guilty or not guilty of the crime. 表示服罪/不服罪
Morris had pleaded guilty to robbery.
莫里斯已经承认犯有抢劫罪。 - V-T If you plead the case or cause of someone or something, you speak out in their support or defence. 为…辩护
He appeared before the committee to plead his case.
他出现在委员会上为他的案子辩护。 - V-T If you plead a particular thing as the reason for doing or not doing something, you give it as your excuse. 以…为借口
Mr. Giles pleads ignorance as his excuse.
贾尔斯先生以不知情作为他的借口。
beseech：恳求
V-T If you beseech someone to do something, you ask them very eagerly and anxiously. 恳求; 央求
She beseeched him to cut out his drinking and his smoking.
她央求他戒酒戒烟。
importune）纠缠
V-T If someone importunes another person, they ask them for something or ask them to do something, in an annoying way. 纠缠; 向...强求
One can no longer walk the streets without seeing beggars importuning passersby.
petrify vt. 使…石化；使…惊呆V-T If something petrifies you, it makes you feel very frightened. 使非常害怕
Redundant slogans are apt to petrify a man's thinking.
口号过多容易使人思想僵化。
petroleum：石油
N-UNCOUNT Petroleum is oil that is found under the surface of the earth or under the sea bed. Petrol and kerosene are obtained from petroleum. 石油
We ought to and can product more petroleum.
我们应该并且能够生产更多的石油。
petrology：岩石学
The international journal provides monthly publication on the fields of mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry.
本期刊是国际性的月刊，内容涉及矿物学、岩石学和地球化学。
philanthropic（
ADJ A philanthropic person or organization freely gives money or other help to people who need it. 慈善的; 博爱的
Some of the best services for the seniors are sponsored by philanthropic organizations
一些一流老人服务机构是由慈善组织资助的。
bibliophile：藏书家
bible：圣经
anthropology：人类学
“In anthropology, you can’t equate third gender with homosexuality,” he said.
“在人类学中，你不能将同性恋和第三性别混同，”他说。
pedophile：恋童癖）
At age 7, Margaux Fragoso lost her childhood innocence to the actions of a pedophile.
pine vi. 渴望，痛苦；憔悴
N-VAR A pine tree or a pine is a tall tree that has very thin, sharp leaves called needles and a fresh smell. Pine trees have leaves all year round. 松树
pineapple：菠萝
- The wall was paneled with pine.
四周的墙都镶(或贴)上松木板。 - V-I If you pine for someone who has died or gone away, you want them to be with you very much and feel sad because they are not there. 苦苦思念
She’d be sitting at home pining for her lost husband.
她会一直坐在家里苦苦思念着她死去的丈夫。 - V-I If you pine for something, you want it very much, especially when it is unlikely that you will be able to have it. 渴望 (尤指不可能得到的东西)
I pine for the countryside.
我渴望乡下的生活。
pine to death：消瘦至死
gaunt：憔悴 - ADJ If someone looks gaunt, they look very thin, usually because they have been very ill or worried. 憔悴的
Looking gaunt and tired, he denied there was anything to worry about. - ADJ If you describe a building as gaunt, you mean it is very plain and unattractive. (建筑物) 不起眼的
Above on the hillside was a large, gaunt, grey house.
山坡上有一座巨大的、不起眼的灰房子。
languish：憔悴 - V-I If someone languishes somewhere, they are forced to remain and suffer in an unpleasant situation. 受折磨
Pollard continues to languish in prison. - V-I If something languishes, it is not successful, often because of a lack of effort or because of a lot of difficulties. (由于不努力或困难太多) 未成功
Without the founder’s drive and direction, the company gradually languished.
由于没有创始人的干劲和指导，这家公司逐渐衰败了。
haggard：枯槁）
ADJ Someone who looks haggard has a tired expression and shadows under their eyes, especially because they are ill or have not had enough sleep. 面容枯槁的; 憔悴的
He was pale and a bit haggard.
他面色苍白，面容枯槁。
placate
V-T If you placate someone, you do or say something to make them stop feeling angry. 安抚
He smiled, and made a gesture intended to placate me.
他微笑了一下，做了一个意在安抚我的手势。
mollify：安抚
V-T If you mollify someone, you do or say something to make them less upset or angry. 安抚; 平息
The investigation was undertaken primarily to mollify pressure groups.
展开该调查的目的主要是为了安抚那些压力集团。
propitiate：抚慰
V-T If you propitiate someone, you stop them from being angry or impatient by doing something to please them. 使息怒; 和解
These ancient ceremonies propitiate the spirits of the waters.
这些古老的仪式平息水中神灵的怒气。
soothe：舒缓
V-T If you soothe someone who is angry or upset, you make them feel calmer. 使镇定 - He would take her in his arms and soothe her.
他就会把她搂在怀里，使她镇定下来。 - V-T Something that soothes a part of your body where there is pain or discomfort makes the pain or discomfort less severe. 缓和 (疼痛或不适)
I believe that God uses simple pleasures to ease our troubles, clam our minds and soothe our souls.
我相信，上帝用简单的快乐来缓解我们的焦虑，冷静我们的头脑，抚慰我们的灵魂。
conciliate：调解
V-T/V-I If you conciliate someone, you try to end a disagreement with them. 安抚; 劝慰
His duty was to conciliate the people, not to provoke them.
他的任务是安抚这些人，而不是激怒他们。
placid：波澜不惊
- ADJ A placid person or animal is calm and does not easily become excited, angry, or upset. 温和的
She was a placid child who rarely cried.
她是个温和的孩子，很少哭。 - ADJ A placid place, area of water, or life is calm and peaceful. 平静的
To readers a century later, that placid portrayal may seem alien – as though depicting a bygone world.
在一百年后的读者看来，这些平静的描述像是外星人---好像描述了一个不复存在的世界。
placebo：安慰剂
Instead, we see the effects of treatment plus placebo effects that are shaped by the subject’s expertations.
反而我们看到的是加上人们对治疗本身的期望之后即安慰剂效应的治疗的效果
complacent：自满
ADJ A complacent person is very pleased with themselves or feels that they do not need to do anything about a situation, even though the situation may be uncertain or dangerous. 自满的; 盲目乐观的表不满
We cannot afford to be complacent about our health.
我们不能对我们的健康盲目自信.
appease：安抚
V-T If you try to appease someone, you try to stop them from being angry by giving them what they want. 姑息表不满
Gandhi was accused by some of trying to appease both factions of the electorate.
甘地被一些人指责试图对两派选民都加以姑息。
pacify：安抚 - V-T If you pacify someone who is angry, upset, or not pleased, you succeed in making them calm or pleased. 安抚
Is this a serious step, or is this just something to pacify the critics?
这是个严肃的步骤呢，还是仅仅用来取悦批评者的？ - V-T If the army or the police pacify a group of people, they use force to overcome their resistance or protests. 平息
Government forces have found it difficulut to pacify the rebels.
政府军发现难以平定叛乱分子。
tranquilize：安神）
V-T To tranquilize a person or an animal means to make them become calm, sleepy, or unconscious by means of a drug. (用药物) 使镇静; 使失去知觉
This powerful drug is used to tranquilize patients undergoing surgery.
这种强效的药物用于使手术中的病人失去知觉。
plagiarize（plagiarism：抄袭）
V-T If someone plagiarizes another person's idea or work, they use it or copy it and pretend that they thought of it or created it. 剽窃
This should go without saying, but I’ll include it within this point, absolutely do not plagiarize.
有一点不言自明，但是我还是要在这里说一下：那就是，绝对不要剽窃。
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