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Flutter 动画鼻祖之CustomPaint

Flutter 动画鼻祖之CustomPaint

作者: 老孟程序员 | 来源:发表于2020-06-02 22:08 被阅读0次

老孟导读:CustomPaint可以称之为动画鼻祖,它可以实现任何酷炫的动画和效果。CustomPaint本身没有动画属性,仅仅是绘制属性,一般情况下,CustomPaint会和动画控制配合使用,达到理想的效果。

基本用法

CustomPaint的用法非常简单,如下:

CustomPaint(
  painter: MyCustomPainter(),
)

MyCustomPainter定义如下:

class MyCustomPainter extends CustomPainter {
  @override
  void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {}

  @override
  bool shouldRepaint(MyCustomPainter oldDelegate) {
    return this != oldDelegate;
  }
}

上面的MyCustomPainter为了看起来清晰,什么也没有做,通常情况下,在paint方法内绘制自定义的效果。shouldRepaint方法通常在当前实例和旧实例属性不一致时返回true。

paint通过canvas绘制,size为当前控件的大小,下面看看canvas的方法。

绘制点

Paint _paint = Paint()
    ..color = Colors.red
    ..strokeWidth = 3;

  @override
  void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
    var points = [
      Offset(0, 0),
      Offset(size.width / 2, size.height / 2),
      Offset(size.width, size.height),
    ];
    canvas.drawPoints(PointMode.points, points, _paint);
  }
image-20200601094814789

PointMode有3种模式:

  • points:点
  • lines:将2个点绘制为线段,如果点的个数为奇数,最后一个点将会被忽略
  • polygon:将整个点绘制为一条线

绘制线

canvas.drawLine(Offset(0, 0),Offset(size.width, size.height), _paint);
image-20200601095248302

绘制路径

Paint _paint = Paint()
  ..color = Colors.red
  ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
  ..strokeWidth = 3;

@override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
  print('size:$size');
  var _path = Path()
    ..moveTo(0, 0)
    ..lineTo(size.width, 0)
    ..lineTo(size.width, size.height)
  ..close();
  canvas.drawPath(_path, _paint);
}
image-20200601110532164

这里注意Paint.style,还可以设置为PaintingStyle.fill,效果如下:

image-20200601110642252

此时Path的路径不要在一条直线上,否则会看不到效果。

绘制各种形状

绘制圆形

canvas.drawCircle(Offset(size.width/2, size.height/2), 20, _paint);
image-20200601111802952

绘制椭圆

canvas.drawOval(Rect.fromLTRB(0, 0, size.width, size.height/2), _paint);
image-20200601111910120

如果给定的Rect为正方形,那么椭圆将会变为圆形。

绘制弧

canvas.drawArc(
    Rect.fromLTRB(0, 0, size.width, size.height), 0, pi/2, true, _paint);
image-20200601112255715

绘制圆角矩形

canvas.drawRRect(
    RRect.fromLTRBR(0, 0, size.width, size.height, Radius.circular(10)), _paint)
image-20200601112830212

canvas还有很多绘制函数,比如贝塞尔曲线、三次贝塞尔曲线、画布的反转等操作,这里不在一一介绍。

这些函数和Android的Canvas基本一样,如果你有Android基础,直接套用即可。

最后奉上一个绘制玫瑰的动画效果:

rose_gif

这个效果是不是很酷炫,我们看下绘制花骨朵代码:

///
/// 绘制花骨朵
///
_drawFlower(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
  //将花变为红色
  if (flowerPaths.length >= RoseData.flowerPoints.length) {
    var path = Path();
    for (int i = 0; i < flowerPaths.length; i++) {
      if (i == 0) {
        path.moveTo(flowerPaths[i].dx, flowerPaths[i].dy);
      } else {
        path.lineTo(flowerPaths[i].dx, flowerPaths[i].dy);
      }
    }
    _paint.style = PaintingStyle.fill;
    _paint.color = _flowerColor;
    canvas.drawPath(path, _paint);
  }
  //绘制线
  _paint.style = PaintingStyle.stroke;
  _paint.color = _strokeColor;
  //去掉最后2个点,最后2个点为了绘制红色
  var points = flowerPaths.sublist(0, max(0, flowerPaths.length - 2));
  canvas.drawPoints(PointMode.polygon, points, _paint);
}

花骨朵的绘制只通过canvas.drawPath就实现了,其实整个玫瑰花的绘制都是通过canvas.drawPath加上动画控制实现的。

CustomPaint可以实现任何你想要的动画的效果,比如绘画版就可以通过此控件实现。

获取完整代码方式扫码下方二维码回复:rose

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