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get post小结

get post小结

作者: 雷鸣1010 | 来源:发表于2017-02-22 23:46 被阅读39次
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    HTTP简介:

    HTTP(Hypertext transfer protocol),先说下着几个单词,Hypertext是超文本(除了HTML外,也可以是带有超链接的XML或JSON),protocol是协议,transfer翻译应该是移交(也可以翻译成传输,运输,还有一个更具体的词是transport),最开始学校学习Http的所有市面能见到的书籍都翻译成超文本传输协议,Http设计的本身是为了移交和操作资源

    Http提供了几种方法访问资源.

    Http协议中定义了与服务器之间交互的八个方法:get(获取资源),post(向指定资源提交数据进行处理请求,增加或者更新资源),put(向指定资源位置上传其最新内容 ),delete(请求服务器删除Request-URI所标识的资源);

    GET和POST异同点

    1.可见性,get访问时URL是所有人都可见的,post则是不可见的.

    2.长度限制
    get和post传递长度都是是没有限制的
    之所以有人说get的长度是有限制的,是因为get是放在URL中一起去请求的,浏览器限制了URL的长度导致GET的参数不能太长,大概长读是1 KB;其实HTTP协议对URL的长度进行限制
    POST是请求大小是没有限制的,Web服务器会对post请求进行控制,postIIS请求限制为最多为28.6M,get请求IIS限制为2KB,如有需要可根据需求修改长度大小

    3.安全性,与 post相比,get的安全性较差,因为所发送的数据是 URL 的一部分(登录的时候提交数据应该没人会用get),post比get更安全,因为参数不会被保存在浏览器历史或 web 服务器日志中。

    4.数据类型,get只允许 ASCII 字符; post传递没有限制,也允许二进制数据。
    5 . 编码类型, form的enctype属性为表单控件的内容编码方式,常见有两种: application/x-www-form-urlencoded(默认)和multipart/form-data, 不管get还是post都可以使用者两种编码方式,当表单中含有type=file文件控件的时候发送方式只能使用post,内容编码方式只能使用multipart/part/form-data.
    6 . 书签, 缓存 , get请求可以收藏为书签,能被缓存, post不可以被收藏为书签,不可以被缓存
    7 . 取值方式 , ASP.NET中对于get请求Request.QueryString取值, 对Post请求使用Request.Form

    我们在代码中是如何实现的呢?

    #define BASE_URL @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx?date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213"
    //把上面的数字换成两部分 以 ?为分界线
    #define URL_POST1 @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx"
    #define URL_POST2 @"date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213"
    

    GET同步 <注意这里使用了MJExtension字典转模型框架>

    MJExtension:http://www.jianshu.com/p/bbe7c88d5756

    #pragma mark ----------------GET同步--------------
    -(IBAction)getTong:(UIButton *)sender{
        // 1 创建URL对象
        NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:BASE_URL];
        
        // 2 创建请求对象
        NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
        
        // 2.1 创建请求方式 (默认是get这一步可以不写)
        [request setHTTPMethod:@"get"];
        
        // 3 创建响应对象(有时会出错)
        NSURLResponse *response= nil;
        
        // 4 创建连接对象(同步)
        NSError *error;
        NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:&error];
       
        // http://www.jianshu.com/p/bbe7c88d5756
        NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:nil];
        NSNumber *lastUpdateTime = dict[@"lastUpdateTime"];
        NSLog(@"lastUpdateTime = %@",lastUpdateTime);
        NSArray *Array = dict[@"news"];
        self.dataArray = [NewsModel mj_objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:Array];
        
        for (NewsModel *newsModal in self.dataArray) {
            NSLog(@"newsModal.title = %@",newsModal.title);
        }
    }
    
    

    POST同步

    #pragma mark ---------------POST同步-----------------
    - (IBAction)postAction1:(UIButton *)sender {
        NSLog(@"Post同步");
        
        //1 创建URL对象
        NSURL *url =[NSURL URLWithString:URL_POST1];
        
        //2 创建请求对象
        NSMutableURLRequest *resuest =[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
        
        //2.1 创建请求方式
        [resuest setHTTPMethod:@"post"];//get可以省略 但是post必须要写
        
        //3 设置请求参数
        NSData *tempData = [URL_POST2 dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        [resuest setHTTPBody:tempData];//设置请求主体 外界看不见数据
        //4 创建响应对象
        NSURLResponse *response = nil;
        
        //5 创建连接对象
        NSError *error;
        NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:resuest returningResponse:&response error:&error];
        
        NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:&error];
        
        
        NSNumber *lastUpdateTime = dict[@"lastUpdateTime"];
        NSLog(@"lastUpdateTime = %@",lastUpdateTime);
        NSArray *Array = dict[@"news"];
        self.dataArray = [NewsModel mj_objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:Array];
        
        for (NewsModel *newsModal in self.dataArray) {
            NSLog(@"newsModal.title = %@",newsModal.title);
        }
    
    }
    
    

    GET connection异步

    #pragma mark ---------------GET connection异步-----------------
    -(IBAction)getYibu:(UIButton *)sender{
        
        NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:BASE_URL];
        NSURLRequest *request = [[NSURLRequest alloc]initWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestReloadRevalidatingCacheData timeoutInterval:10];
        //连接服务器
        NSURLConnection *connection = [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];
        [connection start];
        
    }
    
    
    //NSURLConnectionDataDelegate代理方法
    - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response;
    {
        NSLog(@"didReceiveResponse");
        _tempData = [NSMutableData data];
    
    }
    
    - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data;{
        NSLog(@"didReceiveData");
          [_tempData appendData:data];
    }
    
    - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection;{
        _dataArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
        
        NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:_tempData options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
        
        
        NSNumber *lastUpdateTime = dict[@"lastUpdateTime"];
        NSLog(@"lastUpdateTime = %@",lastUpdateTime);
        NSArray *Array = dict[@"news"];
        self.dataArray = [NewsModel mj_objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:Array];
        
        for (NewsModel *newsModal in self.dataArray) {
            NSLog(@"newsModal.title = %@",newsModal.title);
        }
    }
    
    -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{
        NSLog(@"%@",error);
    }
    
    

    GET Session异步

    #pragma mark --------------GET Session异步请求-----------------
    
    - (IBAction)getSession:(UIButton *)sender {
        NSURL *url =[NSURL URLWithString:BASE_URL];
        
        //创建session对象
        NSURLSession *session =[NSURLSession sharedSession];
        __weak typeof(self)temp =self;
        //创建task(该方法内部默认使用get)直接进行传递url即可
        NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask =[session dataTaskWithURL:url completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            
            temp.dataArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
            //数据操作
            NSDictionary *dict =[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
            
            NSNumber *lastUpdateTime = dict[@"lastUpdateTime"];
            NSLog(@"lastUpdateTime = %@",lastUpdateTime);
            NSArray *Array = dict[@"news"];
            self.dataArray = [NewsModel mj_objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:Array];
            
            for (NewsModel *newsModal in self.dataArray) {
                NSLog(@"newsModal.title = %@",newsModal.title);
            }
            
            NSLog(@"idStr = %@",self.dataArray[1].type);
            
        }];
        
        //数据操作
        [dataTask resume];
        // 注意数据操作之后无法获得数据
        for (NewsModel *newsModal in self.dataArray) {
            NSLog(@"newsModal.title = %@",newsModal.title);
        }
        
    }
    
    

    POST Session异步请求

    #pragma mark -------POST Session异步请求---------
    
    - (IBAction)postSession:(UIButton *)sender {
        //创建URL对象
        NSURL *url =[NSURL URLWithString:URL_POST1];
        //创建请求对象
        NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
        [request setHTTPMethod:@"post"];
        NSData *tempdata = [URL_POST2 dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        [request setHTTPBody:tempdata];
        // 3 建立会话 session支持三种类型的任务
        
        //    NSURLSessionDataTask  //加载数据
        //    NSURLSessionDownloadTask  //下载
        //    NSURLSessionUploadTask   //上传
        NSURLSession *session =[NSURLSession sharedSession];
        //    NSLog(@"%d",[[NSThread currentThread] isMainThread]);
        
        __weak typeof(self)weakSelf = self;
        
        NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            //解析
            _dataArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
            NSDictionary *dict =[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
            
            
            NSNumber *lastUpdateTime = dict[@"lastUpdateTime"];
            NSLog(@"lastUpdateTime = %@",lastUpdateTime);
            NSArray *Array = dict[@"news"];
            self.dataArray = [NewsModel mj_objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:Array];
            
            for (NewsModel *newsModal in weakSelf.dataArray) {
                NSLog(@"newsModal.title = %@",newsModal.title);
            }
            
            NSLog(@"当前的线程为%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
            //回到主线程 刷新数据 要是刷新就在这里面
            dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                
                for (NewsModel *model in weakSelf.dataArray) {
                    NSLog(@"summary = %@",model.summary);
                }
                
            });
        }];
        //启动任务
        [dataTask resume];
    }
    

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