vim 的配置：http://fisadev.github.io/fisa-vim-config/

vim.jpg

Vi有三种基本工作模式：

• 命令模式
• 文本输入模式
• 末行模式

进入插入模式

i: 插入光标前一个字符
I: 插入行首
a: 插入光标后一个字符
A: 插入行未
o: 向下新开一行,插入行首
O: 向上新开一行,插入行首

进入命令模式:

ESC:从插入模式或末行模式进入命令模式

移动光标:

h: 左移
j: 下移
k: 上移
l: 右移
M: 光标移动到中间行
L: 光标移动到屏幕最后一行行首
G: 移动到指定行,行号 -G
w: 向后一次移动一个字
b: 向前一次移动一个字
{: 按段移动,上移
}: 按段移动,下移
Ctr-d: 向下翻半屏
Ctr-u: 向上翻半屏
Ctr-f: 向下翻一屏
Ctr-b: 向上翻一屏
gg: 光标移动文件开头
G: 光标移动到文件末尾

删除命令:

x: 删除光标后一个字符,相当于 Del
X: 删除光标前一个字符,相当于 Backspace
dd: 删除光标所在行,n dd 删除指定的行数 D: 删除光标后本行所有内容,包含光标所在字符
d0: 删除光标前本行所有内容,不包含光标所在字符
dw: 删除光标开始位置的字,包含光标所在字符

撤销命令:

u: 一步一步撤销
Ctr-r: 反撤销

重复命令:

.: 重复上一次操作的命令

文本行移动:

: 文本行右移
<<: 文本行左移

复制粘贴:

yy: 复制当前行,n yy 复制 n 行
p: 在光标所在位置向下新开辟一行,粘贴

可视模式:

v: 按字符移动,选中文本
V: 按行移动,选中文本可视模式可以配合 d, y, >>, << 实现对文本块的删除,复制,左右移动

替换操作:

r: 替换当前字符
R: 替换当前行光标后的字符

查找命令:

/: str查找
n: 下一个
N：上一个

替换命令：

把abc全部替换成123
末行模式下，将光标所在行的abc替换成123
:%s/abc/123/g
末行模式下，将第一行至第10行之间的abc替换成123
:1, 10s/abc/123/g

vim里执行 shell 下命令:

末行模式里输入!,后面跟命令

Most important features include:

• Plugins managed using Vim-plug! You can easily install or remove plugins, and they are installed into .vim/plugged/. More info here

• Smart autocompletion as you type, sometimes using python instrospection (completion of module names, instance methods and attributes) and sometimes text-based (used words) (from version 4.0, it's even more intelligent!). And with neocomplcache, it even can autocomplete with typos, thanks to the fuzzy completion settings.

• Fuzzy file, code and command finder (like Textmante or Sublime Text 2):

  • ,e = open file (like the original :e) but with recursive and fuzzy file name matching. Example: if you type "mopy" it will find a file named "models.py" placed on a subdirectory. And allows you to open the selected file on a new tab with Ctrl-t!
  • ,g = fuzzy symbol finder (classes, methods, variables, functions, ...) on the current file. Example: if you type "usr" it will find the User class definition on the current file. ,G does the same but on all opened files.
  • ,c = fuzzy command finder (internal vim commands, or custom commands). Example: if you type "diff" it will find :GitDiff, :diffthis, and many other similar commands.
  • ,f = fuzzy text finder on all the opened files. Example: if you type "ctm=6" it will find the line containing "current_time = 16".
  • ,m = fuzzy finder of most recently used files.
  • ,we, ,wg, ,wc, ,wf and ,wm = same as ,e, ,g, ,c, ,f and ,wm but initiate the search with the word under the cursor (also the upper case version of ,G, ,wG). Is useful to think about the ,wg as a "fuzzy go to definition" (if the definition is in the same file, or ,wG if the definition is on any of the opened files).
  • ,pe = same as ,e but initiates the search with the path under the cursor.

• Ropevim for really neat python goodies!:

  • Go to definition with ,d, or open the definition on a new tab with ,D.
  • Find occurrences with ,o.

• Classes/module browser that lists classes, functions, methods, and such of the current file, and navigates to them when ENTER is pressed. Toggle it with F4.

• Pending tasks browser pressing F2. This reads the current file searching for comments that start with "TODO", "FIXME", and such, and shows them on a list that allows navigation similar to the class browser.

• Error checking of code using Syntastic (it will detect unused variables or imports, syntax errors, and such), for several languages, highlighting the errors and warnings in the code. You can open an errors list with \e. In python, the error checking includes pep8 validation, and pylint.

• Grep code recursively and navigate the results:

  • ,r uses the ack command (a kind of grep optimized for code search), lists the found matches, and allows you to open them with ENTER.
  • ,wr does the same, but searching the word under the cursor.

• Some settings for better tabs and spaces handling.

• Better file browser, toggle it with F3, or open it with your current file selected using ,t.

• Results count while searching text.

• Search and read python documentation with the :Pydoc command. Example: :Pydoc collections (also works over the current word with vim's default help keybinding: Shift-K).

• Comment and uncomment code with \ci.

• Easy tab navigation:

  • tt = new tab and leaves the cursor waiting to specify the file path to open (leave blank to open an empty tab).
  • tn or Ctrl-Shift-Right = next tab.
  • tp or Ctrl-Shift-Left = previous tab.
  • tm = move current tab to a specific position (or to the end if no position number is specified).
  • tl = show a list of current tabs with their inner windows on a side pane. You can navigate them!
  • ts = duplicate current tab.

  The mappings starting with the t letter work only on command mode, but the mappings with Ctrl-Shift work on both, command and insert mode.

• Easy window navigation using Alt-arrows keys.

• Some vim goodies enabled by default:

  • incremental search (moves to the first result while you are typing).
  • highlighted search results.
  • line numbers.
  • keep cursor 3 lines away from screen border while scrolling.
  • shell-like autocompletion of commands and paths (autocomplete the common part and show matching options).
  • syntax highlighting on by default.

• Python interpreter inside vim, or any other console. They are opened as a buffer using the command :ConqueTerm. Examples: :ConqueTerm python, :ConqueTerm bash.

• Save current file as sudo using :w!!.

• Navigate html/xml tags the same way that you navigate (), {} and []: using %.

• Beautiful status line allways visible, with colors, breadcrumbs and useful information about file type, encoding and position. When working with python files, it also displays the current python function or class where the cursor is.

• Automatically removes trailing spaces when saving python files.

• Smart autoclosing of (, [, and {

• Beautiful color schemes for on vim with 256 colors (fisa colorscheme) and gvim (wombat colorscheme).

• Use of 256 colors when possible.

• 2 spaces indentation for html and javascript (can disable it removing two lines from the .vimrc).

• Thousands of code snippets for many languages with SnipMate. Example, in python you can write cl and press tab (while in inser mode), and it will insert the boilerplate code of a common python class (then use tab to navigate the snippet fields).

• Zen coding for html: generate lots of html code writing simple and short expressions. Example:

  1. write #books>ul>li.book*5>a

  2. press Ctrl-y ,

  3. it will generate:

<div id="books">
     <ul>
        <li class="book">
             <a href=""></a>
        </li>
        <li class="book">
            <a href=""></a>
        </li>
        <li class="book">
            <a href=""></a>
        </li>
        <li class="book">
            <a href=""></a>
        </li>
        <li class="book">
            <a href=""></a>
        </li>
    </ul>
</div>

• Git and other vcs integration, with commands such as: :GitStatus, :GitDiff, :GitBlame, :GitLog, :GitCommit, or simply :Git with your own command. Key mappings and syntax highlighting for git displays. Displays icons on the side of each line based on the result of a diff of the current file (example: if you added a line and still didn't commit the file, that line will have a green + on its side). And finally, when on a changed file you can jump through changes using \sn and \sp.

• Better python indentation.

• Really neat surround actions using the surround.vim plugin. Learn how to use it here.

• Indentation defined text objects for the editing language, named i. For example, you can change an entire indented code block with cii, or the indented block and its header line with cai (also yank, delete, ...).

• Indentation based movements, move to the header of your current python block with [-, to the end of the block with ]-, and more (short reference here).

• Python class and method/function text objects for the editing language, named C and M. For example, you can change an entire function content with ciM, or delete a class including its header with daC.

• Run the current python file and display the output on a split with \r.

• Insert and remove ipdb breakpoints with \b.

• Copy history navigation using the YankRing plugin, which allows you to cicle the vim clipboard with Ctrl-p and Ctrl-n, and many other features (described here).

• Insert ipdb breakpoints with \b.

• Automatically sort python imports using :Isort.

• Persistent undos modify file, exit vim, reopen file, and you can undo changes done on the previous session.

• Better paths for temporary swap files, backups, and persistent undos (all of them stored under ~/.vim/dirs).

• Drag visual blocks (blocks selected on Ctrl-v and Shift-v visual modes) with Shift-Alt-arrows, or even duplicate them with D.

• Simple window chooser: press - and you will see big green letters for each window. Just press the letter of the window you want to activate.

• Paint css color values with the actual color.

• Format Python code using yapf (:YapfFullFormat formats the whole file, and has other commands as well, explained here. Works only if you have a vim compiled with python 2, not python 3).

• Custom configs by folder add a .vim.custom file in the project's root folder with whatever configs you want to customize for that project. For example, if you have a project tree like this example and you want to exclude folder_x from FuzzyFinder, put let g:ctrlp_custom_ignore["dir"] = g:ctrlp_custom_ignore["dir"] . '|\v[\/]folder_x$' in the .vim.custom file.

project
├── folder_1
├── folder_2
├── folder_x
└── .vim.custom</pre>