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友邻哲学旅人 E02 苦中求乐

友邻哲学旅人 E02 苦中求乐

作者: worldlyf | 来源:发表于2020-08-08 16:42 被阅读0次

    E02 苦中求乐

    The quantity of Asia proved too much for the quality of Greece.亚洲的量证明比希腊的质更重要。

    亚洲自古以来适合人类居住,文明发端也比较早,我们厉害的地方就是我们有太多的人-集体创新。

    世界一般都是个体创新。

    在中国一定要做人多的生意。

    Alexander himself, in the hour of his triumph, was conquered by the soul of the East; he married (among several ladies) the daughter of Darius; he adopted the Persian diadem and robe of state; he introduced into Europe the Oriental notion of the divine right of kings; and at last he astonished a sceptic Greece by announcing, in magnificent Eastern style, that he was a god.
    就连亚历山大自己也在其高歌猛进时期为东方的灵魂所征服;他(在几个淑女中)迎娶了大流士的女儿为妻穿戴上来波斯样式的皇冠与王袍;还向欧洲介绍了东方神权神授思想。最后,他在庄严的东方盛典上宣告自己就是神,这让心存怀疑的希腊人大为震惊。

    军事上极强有力的人,在完成军事统治之后,心灵往往受到了被统治地方的反向征服,这是必然的。

    东方的文化流传性很厉害,现在都是在搞文化输出。

    Greece laughed; and Alexander drank himself to death.
    尽管饱受希腊人的嘲讽,亚历山大却沉醉其中。

    亚历山大的强悍和古亚西亚文明的再次的对流。

    The subtle infusion of an Asiatic soul into the wearied body of the master Greek was followed rapidly by the pouring of Oriental cults and faiths into Greece along those very lines of communication which the young conqueror had opened up; the broken dykes let in the ocean of Eastern thought upon the lowlands of the still adolescent European mind.
    亚洲的灵魂渐渐融合到希腊已经疲倦的身体当中,后面的发展更加迅速,东方邪教和各种各样信仰沿着沟通的路径涌进了希腊;如瀑布般自断裂的溃堤冲进初期的欧洲思想洼地。

    这种路径指得的就是前文亚历山大大帝为了传播希腊商品和文化所建设的商业驿站。亚历山大想做的事情,最后被东方文明反向清洗了。

    The mystic and superstitious faiths which had taken root among the poorer people of Hellas were reinforced and spread about; and the Oriental spirit of apathy and resignation found a ready soil in decadent and despondent Greece.
    神秘和迷信的信仰当时早在泛希腊贫民中得到传播与发展,它会再次被强化,并被广泛推广开来,超然与忍让的东方精神在消沉的希腊找到了肥沃的土壤。

    宗教只要是面对最底层的老百姓的,就很容易被点燃而暴动。而天主教就是精英型的。

    当时整个希腊陷入了出世的心态。

    The introduction of the Stoic philosophy into Athens by the Phoenician merchant Zeno (about 310 B.C.) was but one of a multitude of Oriental infiltrations.
    腓尼基商人芝诺介绍至雅典的斯多葛派哲学(约前310年)不过是众多东方文明的逐渐渗透,当中宏大画面其中之一。
    Both Stoicism and Epicureanism—the apathetic acceptance of defeat, and the effort to forget defeat in the arms of pleasure—were theories as to how one might yet be happy though subjugated or enslaved;
    无论是坦然接受失败的斯多葛派哲学,还是享乐中忘忧的伊壁鸠鲁派学说,都不过是苦中作乐的理论。
    precisely as the pessimistic Oriental stoicism of Schopenhauer and the despondent epicureanism of Renan were in the nineteenth century the symbols of a shattered Revolution and a broken France.
    和他同理相当的就像叔本华所提倡的消极的东方斯多葛派哲学,以及所谓傲世离世19世纪伊壁鸠鲁的看法,这些都是一种象征符号,是19世纪那时整个欧洲被革命打碎,并且法国也支离破碎的时候。

    人终究他的哲学体系在一个时代形成,他的外在环境有很大作用的:

    1.外在环境比较稳定的时候:这种比较宏大关乎于人和世界关系的哲学就能走的很远,就能做起来。

    2.外面是动荡,哲学就向内自省。

    在后亚里士多德时期,不管是斯多葛,伊壁鸠鲁,还是怀疑学派也好,他主要解决的问题不再含政治学和形而上学了,关乎的就是人的内心。

    人怎么活得有意义?就要去学着寻找快感。--伊壁鸠鲁

    人怎么活得有意义?就要利用智慧去克制欲望。--斯多葛

    人怎么活得有意义?学会怀疑,提倡理性。--怀疑学派

    语言点

    diadem: n. 王冠

    magnificent: adj. 壮丽的,伟大的

    subtle: adj. 细微的;微妙的

    infusion: n. 注入

    wearied: adj. 疲惫的

    cult: n. 狂热崇拜

    superstitious: adj. 迷信的

    resignation: n. 退位

    a multitude of: 大量的

    infiltration: n.渗透

    subjugate: vt. 征服,降服

    enslave: vt. 奴役

    despondent: adj. 沮丧的,丧气的

    epicureanism: n. 享乐主义

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