nacos

作者: 码农GG | 来源:发表于2020-12-18 10:07 被阅读0次

1.Nacos简介

1.1概述

前四个字母分别为Naming和Configuration的前两个字母,最后的s为Service
一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现,配置管理和服务管理中心
Nacos就是注册中心+配置中心的组合(Nacos = Eureka+Config+Bus)

替代Eureka做服务注册中心
替代Config做服务配置中心
替代Bus做总线

1.2下载

地址:https://github.com/alibaba/Nacos
官网:https://nacos.io/zh-cn/index.html
https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html#_spring_cloud_alibaba_nacos_discovery

1.3各注册中心比较

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2.安装并运行Nacos

先从官网下载Nacos
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.4
解压安装包,直接运行bin目录下的startup.cmd
命令运行成功后直接访问http://localhost:8848/nacos,默认账号密码都是nacos

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3.Nacos作为服务注册中心演示

3.1基于Nacos的服务提供者

3.1.1新建Module
cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001

3.1.2POM依赖

<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
  <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
  <type>pom</type>
  <scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency><dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.62</version>
</dependency>
 </dependencies>
 

3.1.3YML配置

server:
  port: 9001

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
#配置监控
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

3.1.4主启动

@EnableDiscoveryClient //使用nacos
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain9001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9001.class,args);
    }
}

3.1.5业务类

@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public String getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Integer id)
    {
        return "nacos registry, serverPort: "+ serverPort+"\t id"+id;
    }
}

3.1.6测试

http://lcoalhost:9001/payment/nacos/1

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3.1.7 nacos自带负载均衡

3.2基于Nacos的服务消费者

3.2.1新建Module
cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83

3.2.2POM依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
        <version>${project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.2.3YML配置

server:
  port: 83
spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

3.2.4 主启动

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderNacosMain83
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain83.class,args);
    }
}

3.2.5业务类

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
    {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id,String.class);
    }
}

3.2.6测试

image.png
http://localhost:83/consumer/payment/nacos/13 轮询负载均衡访问9001,9002

3.3服务注册中心对比

3.3.1图示

image.png image.png

3.3.2Nacos支持AP和CP模式的切换

image.png

4.Nacos作为服务配置中心演示

4.1Nacos作为配置中心-基础配置

cloudalibaba-config-nacos-client3377

4.1.2POM依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--nacos-config-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--nacos-discovery-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--web + actuator-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--一般基础配置-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

4.1.3YML配置
why配置两个

image.png

bootstrap.yml

server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #服务注册中心地址
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置中心地址
        file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式的配置

application.yml

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

4.1.4主启动

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class NacosConfigClientMain3377
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConfigClientMain3377.class, args);
    }
}

4.1.5业务类

@RestController
@RefreshScope  //实现配置自动更新
public class ConfigClientController
{
    @Value("${config.info}")
    private String configInfo;

    @GetMapping("/config/info")
    public String getConfigInfo() {
        return configInfo;
    }
}

4.2在Nacos中添加配置信息

4.2.1Nacos中的匹配规则
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start-spring-cloud.html

image.png

4.2.2新增配置

image.png
image.png

4.2.3设置DataId

${spring.application.name}-${spring.profile.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}
prefix默认为spring.application.name的值
spring.profile.active既为当前环境对应的profile,可以通过配置项spring.profile.active 来配置
file-exetension为配置内容的数据格式,可以通过配置项spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension配置
image.png

4.2.4测试
启动前需要在nacos客户端-配置管理-配置管理栏目下有没有对应的yaml配置文件
运行cloud-config-nacos-client3377的主启动类
调用接口查看配置信息http://localhost:3377/config/info
自带动态刷新,修改下Nacos中的yaml配置文件,再次调用查看配置的接口,就会发现配置已经刷新

4.3Nacos作为配置中心-分类配置

image.png

4.3.1配置管理

image.png

4.3.2命名空间

image.png

4.3.3Namespace+Group+Data ID三者关系?为什么这么设计?

image.png
image.png

4.3.4DataID方案
指定spring.profile.active和配置文件的DataID来使不同环境下读取不同的配置
默认空间+默认分组+新建dev和test两个DataID
通过spring.profile.active属性就能进行多环境下配置文件的读取

image.png

测试
http://localhost:3377/config/info

4.3.5Group方案
通过Group实现环境区分

在nacos图形界面控制台上面新建配置文件DataID

image.png

在config下增加一条group的配置即可。可配置为DEV_GROUP或TEST_GROUP

image.png

4.3.6Namespace方案
新建dev/test的Namespace

image.png

回到服务管理-服务列表查看

image.png

按照域名配置填写

image.png

YML配置

server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.1.111:1111 #服务注册中心地址
      config:
        server-addr: 192.168.1.111:1111 #配置中心地址
        file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式的配置
        group: TEST_GROUP
        namespace: 8bc3b5e4-1ebe-4237-aa89-138589155c48

5.Nacos集群和持久化配置

5.1官网

https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/cluster-mode-quick-start.html
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html

5.1.2架构图

image.png

5.1.3高可用

image.png

5.2Nacos持久化配置

Nacos默认自带的是嵌入式数据库derby
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/blob/develop/config/pom.xml
derby到mysql切换配置步骤
\nacos\conf\nacos-mysql.sql 目录下找到sql脚本
\nacos\conf目录下找到application.properties

spring.datasource.platform=mysql
 
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true
db.user=root
db.password=123456

5.3Linux版Nacos+MySQL生产环境配置

5.3.1.Linux服务器上mysql数据库配置

image.png
image.png

5.3.2.application.properties配置

\nacos\conf目录下找到application.properties

spring.datasource.platform=mysql
 
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true
db.user=root
db.password=123456

5.3.3.Linux服务器上nacos的集群配置cluster.conf

image.png
image.png

这个IP不能写127.0.0.1,必须是Linux命令hostname -i能够识别的IP

5.3.4.编辑Nacos的启动脚本startup.sh,使它能够接受不同的启动端

5.3.5.Nginx的配置,由它作为负载均衡器

 #gzip  on;
    upstream cluster{

      server 127.0.0.1:8846;
      server 127.0.0.1:8847;
      server 127.0.0.1:8848;
    }
    server {
        listen       1111;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
           # root   html;
           # index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://cluster;

        }

5.3.6.截止到此处,1个Nginx+3个nacos注册中心+1个mysql
测试通过nginx访问nacos集群
https://192.168.1.111:1111/nacos/#/login
新建一个配置测试

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linux服务器的mysql插入一条记录

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5.4测试

微服务cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002启动注册进nacos集群

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