css的变量教程,更强大的css

作者: 前端_java爱好者 | 来源:发表于2020-04-26 15:14 被阅读0次

css的变量教程,更强大的css
CSS 教程
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css变量教程
CSS - 变量教程
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当微软宣布 Edge 浏览器将支持 CSS 变量。这个重要的 CSS 新功能，所有主要浏览器已经都支持了。本文全面介绍如何使用它，你会发现原生 CSS 从此变得异常强大。

一、变量的声明

声明变量的时候，变量名前面要加两根连词线（--）。

上面代码中，body选择器里面声明了两个变量：--foo和--bar。

它们与color、font-size等正式属性没有什么不同，只是没有默认含义。所以 CSS 变量（CSS variable）又叫做"CSS 自定义属性"（CSS custom properties）。因为变量与自定义的 CSS 属性其实是一回事。

你可能会问，为什么选择两根连词线（--）表示变量？因为$foo被 Sass 用掉了，@foo被 Less 用掉了。为了不产生冲突，官方的 CSS 变量就改用两根连词线了。

各种值都可以放入 CSS 变量。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n680" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">:root{
--main-color: #4d4e53;
--main-bg: rgb(255, 255, 255);
--logo-border-color: rebeccapurple;

--header-height: 68px;
--content-padding: 10px 20px;

--base-line-height: 1.428571429;
--transition-duration: .35s;
--external-link: "external link";
--margin-top: calc(2vh + 20px);
}</pre>

变量名大小写敏感，--header-color和--Header-Color是两个不同变量。

二、var() 函数

var()函数用于读取变量。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n690" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">
a {
color: var(--foo);
text-decoration-color: var(--bar);
}</pre>

var()函数还可以使用第二个参数，表示变量的默认值。如果该变量不存在，就会使用这个默认值。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n696" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">color: var(--foo, #7F583F);</pre>

第二个参数不处理内部的逗号或空格，都视作参数的一部分。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n702" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">var(--font-stack, "Roboto", "Helvetica");
var(--pad, 10px 15px 20px);</pre>

var()函数还可以用在变量的声明。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n708" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">:root {
--primary-color: red;
--logo-text: var(--primary-color);
}</pre>

注意，变量值只能用作属性值，不能用作属性名。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n715" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> .foo { --side: margin-top; /* 无效 */ var(--side): 20px;} </pre>

上面代码中，变量--side用作属性名，这是无效的。

三、变量值的类型

如果变量值是一个字符串，可以与其他字符串拼接。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="css" cid="n725" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">
--bar: 'hello';
--foo: var(--bar)' world';</pre>

利用这一点，可以 debug（例子）。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n730" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">body:after {
content: '--screen-category : 'var(--screen-category);
}
</pre>

如果变量值是数值，不能与数值单位直接连用。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n736" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">.foo {
--gap: 20;
/* 无效 */
margin-top: var(--gap)px;
}
</pre>

上面代码中，数值与单位直接写在一起，这是无效的。必须使用calc()函数，将它们连接。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n742" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">.foo {
--gap: 20;
margin-top: calc(var(--gap) * 1px);
}
</pre>

如果变量值带有单位，就不能写成字符串。

四、作用域

同一个 CSS 变量，可以在多个选择器内声明。读取的时候，优先级最高的声明生效。这与 CSS 的"层叠"（cascade）规则是一致的。

下面是一个例子。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n757" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><style>
:root { --color: blue; }
div { --color: green; }

alert { --color: red; }

{ color: var(--color); }
</style>

上面代码中，三个选择器都声明了--color变量。不同元素读取这个变量的时候，会采用优先级最高的规则，因此三段文字的颜色是不一样的。

这就是说，变量的作用域就是它所在的选择器的有效范围。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n765" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">body {
--foo: #7F583F;
}

.content {
--bar: #F7EFD2;
}
</pre>

上面代码中，变量--foo的作用域是body选择器的生效范围，--bar的作用域是.content选择器的生效范围。

由于这个原因，全局的变量通常放在根元素:root里面，确保任何选择器都可以读取它们。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n772" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">:root {
--main-color: #06c;
}
</pre>

五、响应式布局

CSS 是动态的，页面的任何变化，都会导致采用的规则变化。

利用这个特点，可以在响应式布局的media命令里面声明变量，使得不同的屏幕宽度有不同的变量值。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n781" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">body {
--primary: #7F583F;
--secondary: #F7EFD2;
}

a {
color: var(--primary);
text-decoration-color: var(--secondary);
}

@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
body {
--primary: #F7EFD2;
--secondary: #7F583F;
}
}
</pre>

六、兼容性处理

对于不支持 CSS 变量的浏览器，可以采用下面的写法。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n789" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">a {
color: #7F583F;
color: var(--primary);
}
</pre>

也可以使用@support命令进行检测。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n798" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">@supports ( (--a: 0)) {
/* supported */
}

@supports ( not (--a: 0)) {
/* not supported */
}
</pre>

七、JavaScript 操作

JavaScript 也可以检测浏览器是否支持 CSS 变量。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n805" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">const isSupported = window.CSS && window.CSS.supports && window.CSS.supports('--a', 0);if (isSupported) { /* supported /} else { / not supported */}
</pre>

JavaScript 操作 CSS 变量的写法如下。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n811" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">// 设置变量
document.body.style.setProperty('--primary', '#7F583F');

// 读取变量
document.body.style.getPropertyValue('--primary').trim();
// '#7F583F'

// 删除变量
document.body.style.removeProperty('--primary');
</pre>

这意味着，JavaScript 可以将任意值存入样式表。下面是一个监听事件的例子，事件信息被存入 CSS 变量。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n816" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">const docStyle = document.documentElement.style;

document.addEventListener('mousemove', (e) => {
docStyle.setProperty('--mouse-x', e.clientX);
docStyle.setProperty('--mouse-y', e.clientY);
});
</pre>

那些对 CSS 无用的信息，也可以放入 CSS 变量。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences mock-cm md-end-block" lang="css" cid="n822" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">--foo: if(x > 5) this.width = 10;
</pre>

上面代码中，--foo的值在 CSS 里面是无效语句，但是可以被 JavaScript 读取。这意味着，可以把样式设置写在 CSS 变量中，让 JavaScript 读取。

所以，CSS 变量提供了 JavaScript 与 CSS 通信的一种途径。

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在这里我给大家准备了很多的学习资料:

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