个人爬坑记，未完，更新中......
一、安装FTP并设置为本地用户模式
1.关闭防火墙和SELinux
2.安装vsftp软件包和ftp客户端
[root@hsu ~]# yum install -y vsftpd
[root@hsu ~]# yum install ftp
3.添加ftp本地用户
添加用户
[root@hsu ~]# useradd -d /data/ftp/uploads -g ftp ftpadmin
设置密码
[root@hsu vsftpd]# passwd ftpadmin
4.备份vsftpd的默认配置文件
[root@hsu ~]# cd /etc/vsftpd/
[root@hsu vsftpd]# cp vsftpd.conf vsftpd.conf.bak
# grep 命令后面添加-v 参数，过滤并反选出没有包含井号（ #）的参数行（即过滤掉所有的注释信息），然后将过滤后的参数行通过输出重定向符写回原始的主配置文件中
[root@hsu vsftpd]# grep -v "#" /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.bak > /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
5.修改配置
[root@hsu vsftpd]# vim vsftpd.conf
内容修改如下：
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
anon_upload_enable=NO
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
vsftpd_log_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
dual_log_enable=YES
xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
xferlog_std_format=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
#上传目录被限制在/home/ftpadmin/uploads
local_root=/home/ftpadmin/uploads
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
pasv_min_port=30000
pasv_max_port=30999
pasv_enable=YES
pasv_promiscuous=YES
| chroot_local_user=YES | chroot_local_user=NO | |
|---|---|---|
| chroot_list_enable=YES | 1.所有用户都被限制在其主目录下 2.使用chroot_list_file指定的用户列表，这些用户作为“例外”，不受限制 | 1.所有用户都不被限制其主目录下 2.使用chroot_list_file指定的用户列表，这些用户作为“例外”，受到限制 |
| chroot_list_enable=NO | 1.所有用户都被限制在其主目录下 2.不使用chroot_list_file指定的用户列表，没有任何“例外”用户 | 1.所有用户都不被限制其主目录下 2.不使用chroot_list_file指定的用户列表，没有任何“例外”用户 |
6.开放端口和安全组策略
把20-22、30000-30999端口开放
7.在/etc/vsftpd下新建chroot_list文件
[root@hsu vsftpd]# touch /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
8.重启vsftpd
systemctl restart vsftpd.service
9.本地电脑下载安装FTP工具，Xftp、FileZilla等并连接
二、上传安装包
三、安装JDK
1.解压JDK
[root@hsu jdk]# tar -xzvf /home/ftpadmin/uploads/jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@hsu jdk]# mv jdk1.8.0_191 jdk jdk
2.配置环境变量
[root@hsu jdk]# vim /etc/profile
文件配置如下
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
3.生效环境变量
[root@hsu jdk]# source /etc/profile
4.验证环境变量是否生效
[root@hsu jdk]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_242"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_242-b08)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.242-b08, mixed mode)
四、安装Oracle 11g
1.检查硬件要求
要求：内存最小1G，推荐2G或者更高
#查看命令,下列是我的内存
[root@hsu jdk]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1881700 kB
2.环境准备
安装必要的工具
#wget：下载工具；zip：打包工具；unzip：解压工具
[root@hsu jdk]# yum -y install wget zip unzip
关闭防火墙
#查看防火墙状态
[root@hsu ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
#关闭防火墙
[root@hsu ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
#禁用防火墙
[root@hsu ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
关闭Selinux
#查看Selinux状态
[root@hsu~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -v
SELinux status: disabled
解压安装包并放到/tmp目录下
[root@hsu database]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@hsu database]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[root@hsu uploads]# mv database /u01
安装Oracle依赖包
[root@hsu database]# yum install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-develnumactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel –y
添加安装用户和用户组
[root@hsu database]# groupadd oinstall
[root@hsu database]# groupadd dba
[root@hsu database]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@hsu database]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@hsu database]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1001(dba)
修改内核参数配置文件
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
增加以下内容
#Oracle内核配置文件
io-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
查看是否成功写进/etc/sysctl.conf文件中
[root@hsu database]# sysctl -p
vm.swappiness = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 1024
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1024
sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/io-max-nr: No such file or directory
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
其中kernel.shmmax = 1073741824为本机物理内存（2G）的一半，单位为byte
修改用户的限制文件
[root@hsu database]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
在末尾添加以下内容
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
修改/etc/pam.d/login文件
[root@hsu database]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
在末尾添加以下内容
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
修改/etc/profile文件
[root@hsu database]# vim /etc/profile
在末尾添加以下内容
#oracle配置
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
3.创建安装目录和设置文件权限
#创建安装的目录
[root@hsu ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
[root@hsu database]# mkdir /u01/oracle/oradata
[root@hsu database]# mkdir /u01/oracle/inventory
[root@hsu database]# mkdir /u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area
#更改oracle目录的属主
[root@hsu ~]# chown oracle:oinstall -R /u01
#更改oracle目录的权限
[root@hsu ~]# chmod 755 -R /u01/oracle
4.配置oracle用户环境变量
#切换到oracle用户环境
[root@hsu~]# su - oracle
#编辑bash_profile文件，追加下列内容
[oracle@hsu~]$ vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
#oracle用户这个客户端所识别的时间显式格式
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
生效环境变量
[oracle@hsu ~]$ source .bash_profile
5.解压oracle安装包
[root@hsu u01]# unzip /home/ftpadmin/uploads/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /tmp
[root@hsu u01]# unzip /home/ftpadmin/uploads/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /tmp
[root@hsu tmp]# chown oracle:oinstall -R database
[root@hsu tmp]# chmod 755 -R database
6.配置Oracle静默安装需要用到的应答文件
#切换到oracle用户
[root@hsu response]# su - oracle
[oracle@hsu u01]# cd /u01/database/response
[oracle@hsu response]# ll
total 76
#修改数据库应答文件
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 44969 Feb 14 2009 dbca.rsp
#安装应答
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 22557 Aug 15 2009 db_install.rsp
#建立监听、本地服务名等网络设置的应答
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 5740 Feb 26 2009 netca.rsp
修改内容如下
[oracle@hsu response]# vi db_install.rsp
[oracle@hsu response]# cat db_install.rsp | grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$"
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hsu
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=ora11g
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=ORCL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
7.确认swap空间足够
[oracle@hsu ~]$ free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1881700 185124 79976 12396 1616600 1521300
Swap: 0 0 0
[root@hsu response]# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=500000
500000+0 records in
500000+0 records out
512000000 bytes (512 MB) copied, 0.868331 s, 590 MB/s
[root@hsu response]# mkswap swapfile
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 499996 KiB
no label, UUID=0bd72bfd-3bc1-4277-ba25-30ba39317edf
[root@hsu response]# swapon swapfile
swapon: /u01/database/response/swapfile: insecure permissions 0644, 0600 suggested.
[root@hsu response]# free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1881700 180828 77388 12388 1623484 1522652
Swap: 499996 0 499996
[root@hsu response]# su - oracle
8.安装数据库软件
[oracle@hsu ~]$[oracle@hsu ~]$ /tmp/database/runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 23010 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 488 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2020-04-19_10-04-40PM. Please wait ...[oracle@hsu ~]$ [WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2020-04-19_10-04-40PM.log
查看安装日志
[root@hsu ~]# tail -f /u01/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions*log
静等两三分钟，会跳出下列内容，表示安装成功
[oracle@hsu ~]$ The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
/u01/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
切换到root用户执行脚本
[oracle@hsu ~]$ exit
logout
[root@hsu response]# cd
[root@hsu ~]# /u01/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@hsu ~]# /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Check /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/install/root_hsu_2020-04-19_22-28-20.log for the output of root script
9.安装监听
#切换到oracle用户
[root@hsu ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Sun Apr 19 22:02:12 CST 2020 on pts/2
#打开database
[oracle@hsu ~]$ cd /u01/database
#安装应答
[oracle@hsu database]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /u01/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /u01/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
#查看监听状态，监听安装完默认是启动的
[oracle@hsu database]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-APR-2020 22:31:25
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 19-APR-2020 22:31:17
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 7 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hsu/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hsu)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
#如果监听没有启动，可以通过下列命令启动
[oracle@hsu database]$ lsnrctl start
10.静默dbca建立数据库
#编辑dbca.rsp文件
[oracle@hsudatabase]$ vi /u01/database/response/dbca.rsp
#进入编辑模式之后，shif+;/:键，输入set nu 命令是文件显示行数
#78行，全局数据库名字 sid+hostname
GDBNAME = "orcl.hsu"
#149行
SID = "orcl"
#415行，编码
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
#425行
NATIONALCHARACTERSET= "UTF8"
#开始安装
[oracle@hsu database]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/database/response/dbca.rsp
#此处无任何提示
#输入 SYS 用户口令，回车
#输入 SYSTEM 用户口令，回车，然后安装会继续
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.
#安装完成后一般自动启动数据库，如果没有输入下列命令启动数据库
[oracle@node1 database]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Apr 19 22:55:58 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
#启动数据库
SQL> startup
#退出
SQL> quit
11.本地安装Oracle Client
12.本地安装PL/SQL Developer
13.PL/SQL Developer客户端连接远程Oracle数据库
ORA-12514 TNS 监听程序当前无法识别连接描述符中请求服务
#打开文件夹
[oracle@hsu database]$ cd /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin
[oracle@hsu admin]$ ls
listener.ora samples shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora
#修改listener.ora，192.168.0.79为服务器的私有IP，千万别设置成公网IP
[oracle@hsu admin]$ cp listener.ora listener.ora.bak
[oracle@hsu admin]$ vim listener.ora
#修改内容如下
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS =
(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.79)(PORT = 1521)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/oracle
#修改tnsnames.ora
[oracle@hsu admin]$ cp tnsnames.ora tnsnames.ora.bak
[oracle@hsu admin]$ vim tnsnames.ora
#修改内容如下
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.79)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = orcl)
)
)
#关闭监听服务
[oracle@hsu admin]$ lsnrctl stop
#启动监听服务
[oracle@hsu admin]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-APR-2020 23:10:35
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hsu/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.0.79)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.0.79)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 19-APR-2020 23:10:35
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hsu/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.0.79)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
14.设置数据库自启动
修改dbstart、dbshut文件
# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut修改的内容是一样的，不再重复
[oracle@hsu admin]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
第80行
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
修改为：
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
修改/etc/oratab文件
#/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/这个是自己安装路径，只需要将N改为Y
[oracle@hsu admin]$ vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/:N
修改为：
orcl:/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/:Y
把lsnrctl start和dbstart添加到rc.local文件中
oracle用户下没有权限切换到root用户
[oracle@hsu admin]$ exit
logout
[root@hsu ~]# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#添加一下内容
su - oracle -lc "/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start"
su - oracle -lc "/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart"
添加执行权限
[root@hsu ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
重启系统，然后查看一下是否自启动成功
五、安装Informatica9.5.1
1.创建infa用户与oinstall组
[root@hsu /]# groupadd infa
[root@hsu /]# useradd -g infa -G dba,oinstall infa
2.解压
2.配置环境变量
[root@hsu ~]# su - infa
[infa@hsu ~]$ vim .bash_profile
追加以下内容：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export PM_CODEPAGENAME="MS936"
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
export INFA_HOME=/home/infa/Informatica/9.5.1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFA_HOME/server/bin:$INFA_HOME/ODBC7.0/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export INFA_DOMAINS_FILE=$INFA_HOME/domains.infa
NLS_LANG需要和oracle server中的保持一致
#使用.bash_profile文件生效
[infa@hsu ~]$ source .bash_profile
#测试java环境变量是否生效
[infa@hsu ~]$ java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_242"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_242-b08)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.242-b08, mixed mode)
#退出infa用户到root用户
[infa@hsu ~]$ exit
logout
3.开始安装infa
[root@hsu infa]# cd /usr/local/src
#解压infa安装包
[root@hsu uploads]# tar -xvf 951HF2* -C /usr/local/src/infa
#赋予安装介质相应权限
[root@hsu src]# chmod -R 775 infa
#赋予安装介质归属用户与组
[root@hsu src]# chown -R infa:oinstall infa
#切换到infa用户准备安装infa工具
[root@hsu uploads]# su - infa
#未取消环境变量安装报错内容如下
Unset the INFA_HOME,INFA_NODE_NAME and INFA_DOMAINS_FILE before continuing the installation. Continuing the installation with the environment variables set will cause the installation to fail.
#取消变量声明
[infa@hsu infa]$ unset INFA_HOME
[infa@hsu infa]$ unset INFA_DOMAINS_FILE
[root@hsu uploads]# cp *.key /home/infa/license.key
[root@hsu uploads]# chmod 775 /home/infa/license.key
[root@hsu uploads]# chown infa:oinstall /home/infa/license.key
#安装
[infa@hsu src]$ cd /usr/local/src/infa
[infa@hsu infa]$ sh install.sh
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