主要内容：7种搜索方式的简单操作
1、query string search
2、query DSL
3、query filter
4、full-text search
5、phrase search
6、highlight search
7、term query
1、query string search
名称由来：search参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的
参数列表
2020-03-21_052654.png
搜索示例：
搜索全部商品
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"took" : 11,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 5,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "SH1w83ABZ60GR8nZv1rN",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"name" : "zhonghua yagao",
"desc" : "caoben zhiwu",
"price" : 40,
"producer" : "zhonghua producer",
"tags" : [
"qingxin"
]
},
"sort" : [
40
]
}
]
}
}
字段说明：
took：耗费了几毫秒
timed_out：是否超时
_shards：分片数量，搜索请求会打到所有的primary shard（或者是它的某个replica shard也可以）
hits.total：查询结果的数量
hits.max_score：就是document对于一个search的相关度的匹配分数，越相关，就越匹配，分数也高
hits.hits：包含了匹配搜索的document的详细数据
搜索名为yagao的商品，并按价格进行降序排列
GET /ecommerce/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc
小结：
适用于临时的在命令行使用一些工具，比如curl，快速的发出请求，来检索想要的信息；但是如果查询请求很复杂，是很难去构建的，在生产环境中，几乎很少使用query string search
2、query DSL
DSL：Domain Specified Language，特定领域的语言
http request body：请求体，可以用json的格式来构建查询语法，比较方便，可以构建各种复杂的语法.
查询示例：
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
查询名称包含yagao的商品，同时按照价格降序排序
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "yagao"
}
},
"sort": [
{
"price": "desc"
}
]
}
分页查询商品，总共3条商品，假设每页就显示1条商品，现在显示第2页，所以就查出来第2个商品
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"from": 1,
"size": 1
}
指定查询出来商品的名称和价格 类似sql语句的select
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"_source": [
"name",
"price"
]
}
返回的结果
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 5,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"price" : 25,
"name" : "jiajieshi yagao"
}
},
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "SH1w83ABZ60GR8nZv1rN",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"price" : 40,
"name" : "zhonghua yagao"
}
}
]
}
}
3、query filter
对数据进行过滤
搜索商品名称包含yagao，而且售价大于等于40元的商品
（gt：大于，lt：小于，gte:大于等于，lte:小于等于）
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"name": "yagao"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"price": {
"gte": 40
}
}
}
}
},
"sort": [
{
"price": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
返回的结果
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.03390155,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "SH1w83ABZ60GR8nZv1rN",
"_score" : 0.03390155,
"_source" : {
"name" : "zhonghua yagao",
"desc" : "caoben zhiwu",
"price" : 40,
"producer" : "zhonghua producer",
"tags" : [
"qingxin"
]
}
}
]
}
}
4、full-text search （全文检索）
全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来，去倒排索引里面去逐一匹配，只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词，就可以作为结果返回。
返回的结果会按照匹配度进行排序
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"producer": "yagao producer"
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 6,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.3950518,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "sBkH-3ABDLwU_RgbxhX0",
"_score" : 1.3950518,
"_source" : {
"name" : "special yagao",
"desc" : "special meibai",
"price" : 50,
"producer" : "special yagao producer",
"tags" : [
"meibai"
]
}
}
···········省略···········
]
}
}
5、phrase search（短语搜索）
跟全文检索相对应，要求输入的搜索串，必须在指定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一样的，才可以算匹配，才能作为结果返回
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"producer": "yagao producer"
}
}
}
返回的结果
{
"took" : 36,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.395052,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "sBkH-3ABDLwU_RgbxhX0",
"_score" : 1.395052,
"_source" : {
"name" : "special yagao",
"desc" : "special meibai",
"price" : 50,
"producer" : "special yagao producer",
"tags" : [
"meibai"
]
}
}
]
}
}
6、highlight search（高亮搜索结果）
对匹配的producer字段进行高亮显示
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"producer": "yagao"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"producer": {}
}
}
}
返回的结果
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.3310189,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "ecommerce",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "sBkH-3ABDLwU_RgbxhX0",
"_score" : 1.3310189,
"_source" : {
"name" : "special yagao",
"desc" : "special meibai",
"price" : 50,
"producer" : "special yagao producer",
"tags" : [
"meibai"
]
},
"highlight" : {
"producer" : [
"special <em>yagao</em> producer"
]
}
}
]
}
}
7、term query( 完全匹配 )
term是代表完全匹配，即不进行分词器分析，文档中必须包含整个搜索的词汇
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"producer": "special"
}
}
}
(terms多值)字段有一多个值时候，用terms关键词查询，后跟数组
GET /ecommerce/_search
{
"query": {
"terms": {
"producer": [
"special",
"producer"
]
}
}
}
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