Affordable Dwelling Unit

经济适用住宅单位

Affordable dwelling units are those that are affordable  to low and moderate-income families. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development considers housing affordable if costs no more than 30 percent of a household's monthly income. Using this definition，69 percent of U.S. communities are affordable . However, the Center for Neighborhood Technology expands the definition to include transportation,and uses a benchmark of 45 percent of income. Using the housing-plus-transportation definition, only 39 percent of U.S. communities are affordable .

经济适用住房是低收入和中等收入家庭可负担得起的住房。美国住房和城市发展部认为，如果居住成本不超过家庭月收入的30％，住房就可以负担得起。以此为标准，69％的美国社区是负担得起的。然而，邻里技术中心将此标准延伸扩展到包括交通成本，并使用收入的45％作为基准。使用居住加交通成本的标准，只有39％的美国社区能够负担得起。

Working housing is affordable housing that is targeted to middle-class and/or blue color workers such as elementary school teachers, firemen,nurses,officestaff,technicians, and so on. It is intended to fill the gap between low-income or public housing , and upper-income luxury housing. The Urban Land Institute defines workforce housing as that which is affordable to households earning 60 to 120 percent of the area median income.

工作住房是面向中产阶级和/或蓝色工人负担得起的经济适用房，如小学教师，消防员，护士，办公室职员，技术人员等。它旨在填补低收入/公共住房与高收入豪华住房之间的空挡。城市土地研究所将劳动力住房定义为那些收入占该地区收入中位数的60%至120%的家庭能够负担得起的住房。

For neighborhood planning,10 to 15 percent of the housing stock should qualify as affordable . Affordable  housing must be technically identical to other housing and be interspersed amount the other market segments in order to avoid opprobrium. The building types accommodating affordable housing generally are apartments, rowhouses, cottages, and accessory dwellings. To encourage the provision of affordable  housing units, some jurisdictions grant permission to develop at a higher density than is allowed ordinarily.

对于社区规划来说，10％至15％的住宅量应该用于经济适用房。经济适用房在质量上必须与其他住房相同，同时，为了避免歧视，要与其他商品房相互穿插。经济适用房适合的建筑类型通常是公寓，排屋，别墅和附属住宅。为了鼓励开发经济适用房，有些管辖区允许以比通常允许的更高的密度进行开发。