疑问：
EventBus 注册，发送事件，注销时分别做了哪些操作？
1、EventBus.getDefault().register(Object)、
2、EventBus.getDefault().post(Object)
3、EventBus.getDefault().unregister(Object)
1、EventBus.getDefault().register(Object)
步骤一
首先通过 EventBus.getDefault() 获取 EventBus 单例
//EventBus 单例对象
static volatile EventBus defaultInstance;
//默认 EventBusBuilder
private static final EventBusBuilder DEFAULT_BUILDER = new EventBusBuilder();
//获取单例 EventBus
public static EventBus getDefault() {
if (defaultInstance == null) {
synchronized (EventBus.class) {
if (defaultInstance == null) {
defaultInstance = new EventBus();
}
}
}
return defaultInstance;
}
public EventBus() {
this(DEFAULT_BUILDER);
}
//初始默认值
EventBus(EventBusBuilder builder) {
subscriptionsByEventType = new HashMap<>();
typesBySubscriber = new HashMap<>();
stickyEvents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
mainThreadPoster = new HandlerPoster(this, Looper.getMainLooper(), 10);
backgroundPoster = new BackgroundPoster(this);
asyncPoster = new AsyncPoster(this);
indexCount = builder.subscriberInfoIndexes != null ? builder.subscriberInfoIndexes.size() : 0;
subscriberMethodFinder = new SubscriberMethodFinder(builder.subscriberInfoIndexes,
builder.strictMethodVerification, builder.ignoreGeneratedIndex);
logSubscriberExceptions = builder.logSubscriberExceptions;
logNoSubscriberMessages = builder.logNoSubscriberMessages;
sendSubscriberExceptionEvent = builder.sendSubscriberExceptionEvent;
sendNoSubscriberEvent = builder.sendNoSubscriberEvent;
throwSubscriberException = builder.throwSubscriberException;
eventInheritance = builder.eventInheritance;
executorService = builder.executorService;
}
下面再看 register() 方法
public void register(Object subscriber) {
//1、获取注册对象的 class 对象 subscriberClass
Class<?> subscriberClass = subscriber.getClass();
//2、通过 class 对象 subscriberClass 找到该 class 的 SubscriberMethod 集合
List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass);
synchronized (this) {
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
//3、订阅注册对象支持注解 @Subscribe 的方法
subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
}
}
}
其中 SubscriberMethod 用来保存订阅方法的信息
public class SubscriberMethod {
//方法
final Method method;
//线程类型（ThreadMode.POST、ThreadMode.MAIN...）
final ThreadMode threadMode;
//事件类型，即发送的事件
final Class<?> eventType;
//优化级
final int priority;
//是否粘性事件
final boolean sticky;
}
第二步找到注册对象中 @Subscribe 注解的方法列表，并将每个方法保存在 SubscriberMethod 中。第三步订阅注解的方法列表。下面先看第二步
步骤二
class SubscriberMethodFinder {
List<SubscriberMethod> findSubscriberMethods(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
//METHOD_CACHE 是一个 Map，用来缓存注册对象 Class 内所有的被@Subscribe注解的方法集合
List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = METHOD_CACHE.get(subscriberClass);
//优先从缓存中取
if (subscriberMethods != null) {
return subscriberMethods;
}
//ignoreGeneratedIndex 默认值为 false，
if (ignoreGeneratedIndex) {
subscriberMethods = findUsingReflection(subscriberClass);
} else {
//2.1、查找注册对象订阅方法列表
subscriberMethods = findUsingInfo(subscriberClass);
}
if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) {
throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass
+ " and its super classes have no public methods with the @Subscribe annotation");
} else {
//查找到的订阅方法加入到缓存中，key 为注册对象的 class
METHOD_CACHE.put(subscriberClass, subscriberMethods);
return subscriberMethods;
}
}
private List<SubscriberMethod> findUsingInfo(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
//初使化 FindState 对象
FindState findState = prepareFindState();
//给 findState.subscriberClass 赋值，关联注册对象
findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
while (findState.clazz != null) {
//subscriberInfo 默认为空，高级用法暂不分析
findState.subscriberInfo = getSubscriberInfo(findState);
if (findState.subscriberInfo != null) {
...
}
} else {
//2.2 使用反射查找注册对象的订阅方法集合，存放在 findState 中
findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
}
//移到父类，继续 while 循环
findState.moveToSuperclass();
}
//从 findState 中获取订阅方法集合，并释放 findState 对象
return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
}
//享元模式，降低创建 FindState 对象的数量，减小内存开销
private static final FindState[] FIND_STATE_POOL = new FindState[POOL_SIZE];
private FindState prepareFindState() {
synchronized (FIND_STATE_POOL) {
for (int i = 0; i < POOL_SIZE; i++) {
FindState state = FIND_STATE_POOL[i];
if (state != null) {
FIND_STATE_POOL[i] = null;
return state;
}
}
}
return new FindState();
}
//重置 FindState 状态，并返回注册对象订阅的方法集合
private List<SubscriberMethod> getMethodsAndRelease(FindState findState) {
List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = new ArrayList<>(findState.subscriberMethods);
findState.recycle();
synchronized (FIND_STATE_POOL) {
for (int i = 0; i < POOL_SIZE; i++) {
if (FIND_STATE_POOL[i] == null) {
FIND_STATE_POOL[i] = findState;
break;
}
}
}
return subscriberMethods;
}
}
先具体看下 moveToSuperclass()，将 clazz 赋值给父类，所以也会去父类中查找订单事件，上面的 while 循环 clazz == null
void moveToSuperclass() {
if (skipSuperClasses) {
clazz = null;
} else {
clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
String clazzName = clazz.getName();
/** Skip system classes, this just degrades performance. */
if (clazzName.startsWith("java.") || clazzName.startsWith("javax.") || clazzName.startsWith("android.")) {
clazz = null;
}
}
}
再去看 findUsingReflectionInSingleClass()，使用反射查找注册对象的订阅方法集合
private void findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(FindState findState) {
Method[] methods;
try {
// 查找注册对象的所有方法
// This is faster than getMethods, especially when subscribers are fat classes like Activities
methods = findState.clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
} catch (Throwable th) {
// Workaround for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, see https://github.com/greenrobot/EventBus/issues/149
methods = findState.clazz.getMethods();
findState.skipSuperClasses = true;
}
for (Method method : methods) {
//获取方法的修饰符（public、private）
int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
//方法的修饰符必须是 public
if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) {
//获取该方法入参集合
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
//入参只有一个
if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
//获取被 @Subscribe 注解的方法
Subscribe subscribeAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(Subscribe.class);
if (subscribeAnnotation != null) {
//获取参数类型
Class<?> eventType = parameterTypes[0];
if (findState.checkAdd(method, eventType)) {
//获取线程模型
ThreadMode threadMode = subscribeAnnotation.threadMode();
//方法名、参数、线程类型、粘性 信息存放在 SubscriberMethod 中，放加入到 subscriberMethods 集合中
findState.subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, eventType, threadMode,
subscribeAnnotation.priority(), subscribeAnnotation.sticky()));
}
}
} else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName();
throw new EventBusException("@Subscribe method " + methodName +
"must have exactly 1 parameter but has " + parameterTypes.length);
}
} else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName();
throw new EventBusException(methodName +
" is a illegal @Subscribe method: must be public, non-static, and non-abstract");
}
}
}
以上完成步骤 2 中对象注册对象的订阅方法集合，下面梳理一下：
1、获取单例 EventBus 对象，并获取注册对象的 class 对象 subscriberClass
2、获取注册对象的订阅方法集合 subscriberMethods，优先从缓存 METHOD_CACHE 中以 class 为 key 获取其 value ，获取不到再通过反射获取。
3、获取不到时，初例化 FindState 对象，将 subscriberClass 赋值给 FindState.clazz
4、反射获取 subscriberClass 的所有方法，遍历所有方法，将 public 修饰、只有一个参数且添加 Subscribe 注解的方法名，包装成 SubscriberMethod 对象并添加到 subscriberMethods 中。
5、将 subscriberClass 的父类赋值给 FindState.clazz，获取父类的订阅方法，重复第 4 步，直到没有父类。
6、重置 FindState 对象状态，返回注册对象的订阅方法集合 subscriberMethods
步骤三
正式注册订阅
// Must be called in synchronized block
private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod) {
//获取 event 类型
Class<?> eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType;
//将注册对象 subscriber 和 订阅方法 subscriberMethod 包装在 Subscription 中
Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
//获取 event 的订阅集合 subscriptions，可以理解成用来存放所有注册对象订阅过该 event 的方法
CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
if (subscriptions == null) {
//新建并加入缓存
subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions);
} else {
if (subscriptions.contains(newSubscription)) {
throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriber.getClass() + " already registered to event "
+ eventType);
}
}
//根据优先级大小排序，将大的插入到集合前面，所以在事件分发时就会优先获取
int size = subscriptions.size();
for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
if (i == size || subscriberMethod.priority > subscriptions.get(i).subscriberMethod.priority) {
subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription);
break;
}
}
//将 subscribedEvents 以 subscriber 为 key 添加到 typesBySubscriber 中即注册对象，unreigster 时会进行 remove
List<Class<?>> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
if (subscribedEvents == null) {
subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents);
}
subscribedEvents.add(eventType);
//处理粘性事件
if (subscriberMethod.sticky) {
if (eventInheritance) {
// Existing sticky events of all subclasses of eventType have to be considered.
// Note: Iterating over all events may be inefficient with lots of sticky events,
// thus data structure should be changed to allow a more efficient lookup
// (e.g. an additional map storing sub classes of super classes: Class -> List<Class>).
Set<Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object>> entries = stickyEvents.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object> entry : entries) {
Class<?> candidateEventType = entry.getKey();
//如果 candidateEventType 是 eventType 的子类或者接口，发送粘性事件
if (eventType.isAssignableFrom(candidateEventType)) {
Object stickyEvent = entry.getValue();
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
} else {
Object stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType);
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
}
以上则是注册对象的流程，下面看发送事件 post()
2、EventBus.getDefault().post(Object)
public void post(Object event) {
//获取 PostingThreadState，currentPostingThreadState 是 ThreadLocal，可以当前线程的 PostingThreadState 对象
PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
List<Object> eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue;
//把 event 添加到事件集合中
eventQueue.add(event);
if (!postingState.isPosting) {
postingState.isMainThread = Looper.getMainLooper() == Looper.myLooper();
postingState.isPosting = true;
if (postingState.canceled) {
throw new EventBusException("Internal error. Abort state was not reset");
}
try {
while (!eventQueue.isEmpty()) {
//1、当事件不为空时，发送消息
postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState);
}
} finally {
postingState.isPosting = false;
postingState.isMainThread = false;
}
}
}
//提供 PostingThreadState
private final ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState> currentPostingThreadState = new ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState>() {
@Override
protected PostingThreadState initialValue() {
return new PostingThreadState();
}
};
private void postSingleEvent(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState) throws Error {
Class<?> eventClass = event.getClass();
boolean subscriptionFound = false;
//eventInheritance 默认为 true
if (eventInheritance) {
//查找 event 的所有 Class 对象，包括超类和接口，优先从缓存读取
List<Class<?>> eventTypes = lookupAllEventTypes(eventClass);
int countTypes = eventTypes.size();
for (int h = 0; h < countTypes; h++) {
Class<?> clazz = eventTypes.get(h);
//2、发送事件
subscriptionFound |= postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, clazz);
}
} else
...
}
private boolean postSingleEventForEventType(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState, Class<?> eventClass) {
CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions;
synchronized (this) {
//获取订阅过 event 的所有注册对象的所有订阅方法
subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventClass);
}
if (subscriptions != null && !subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) {
...
//3、真正发送 event 事件
postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
...
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
//发送事件
private void postToSubscription(Subscription subscription, Object event, boolean isMainThread) {
switch (subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode) {
//订阅的线程模式为当前线程
case POSTING:
//4、执行订阅方法
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
break;
//订阅的线程模式为主线程
case MAIN:
if (isMainThread) {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
} else {
mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
}
break;
//订阅的线程模式为子线程
case BACKGROUND:
if (isMainThread) {
backgroundPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
} else {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
}
break;
case ASYNC:
asyncPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown thread mode: " + subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode);
}
}
void invokeSubscriber(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
try {
//反射执行该订阅方法！
subscription.subscriberMethod.method.invoke(subscription.subscriber, event);
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
handleSubscriberException(subscription, event, e.getCause());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected exception", e);
}
}
第四步在主线程、后台线程执行用的是 Handler 、Thread 等实现原理较简单，最终调用订阅方式一样都是 invokeSubscriber，故不做分析。
下面把 post() 流程梳理一下：
1、获取当前线程对象，把 event 添加到 eventQueue 中，遍历 eventQueue 不为空时，发送消息。
2、查找 event 的所有 Class 对象，包括超类和接口，优先从缓存读取，lookupAllEventTypes()。
3、取订阅过 event 的所有注册对象的所有订阅方法，遍历一个个去发送事件。
4、处理订阅线程模式，使用反射执行订阅方法。
3、EventBus.getDefault().unregister(Object)
unregister 比较简单，只移除注册即可
public synchronized void unregister(Object subscriber) {
List<Class<?>> subscribedTypes = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
if (subscribedTypes != null) {
for (Class<?> eventType : subscribedTypes) {
unsubscribeByEventType(subscriber, eventType);
}
//移除注册
typesBySubscriber.remove(subscriber);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "Subscriber to unregister was not registered before: " + subscriber.getClass());
}
}
知识点小结：
1、EventBus 使用了享元模式，降低了内存中对象的数据。
2、使用了线程安全的 CopyOnWriteArrayList 确保数据安全。
3、使用 ThreadLocal 确保对象线程间共享。
4、使用反射执行订阅方法
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