Android 6 完美解决 WRITE_SETTINGS 权限

Android 6 中 WRITE_SETTINGS 的权限权限设置似乎存在一个 bug，导致我之前介绍过的 运行时用户授权 的方式无法生效，每次进入应用依然提示权限问题。现对原有的方法进行调整如下：

在 AndroidManifest.xml 中配置如下权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

PermissionsChecker.java 类的代码如下：

// package name

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by zhaodongshuang on 17-10-09.
 */
class PermissionsChecker {
    private static final String TAG = "QVC_PermissionsChecker";
    private final Context mContext;

    PermissionsChecker(Context context) {
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
    }

    // 判断权限集合
    boolean lacksPermissions(String... permissions) {
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (lacksPermission(permission)) {
                Log.d(TAG,"is checking permission: " + permission);
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                    if (permission.equals(Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS)
                            && Settings.System.canWrite(mContext)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 判断是否缺少权限
    private boolean lacksPermission(String permission) {
        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, permission) ==
                PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
    }
}

PermissionsActivity.java 类的代码如下所示：

// package name

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.nfc.Tag;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;

/**
 * Created by zhaodongshuang on 17-10-09.
 */
public class PermissionsActivity extends Activity {

    private static final String TAG = "PermissionsActivity";
    public static final int PERMISSIONS_GRANTED = 0; // 权限授权
    public static final int PERMISSIONS_DENIED = 1; // 权限拒绝

    private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 系统权限管理页面的参数
    private static final String EXTRA_PERMISSIONS =
            "com.toby.personal.permission.extra_permission"; // 权限参数
    private static final String PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME = "package:"; // 方案

    private PermissionsChecker mChecker; // 权限检测器
    private boolean isRequireCheck; // 是否需要系统权限检测, 防止和系统提示框重叠

    final private static int PERMISSIONS_CODE_WRITE_SETTINGS = 30;

    // 启动当前权限页面的公开接口
    public static void startActivityForResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, String... permissions) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(activity, PermissionsActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS, permissions);
        ActivityCompat.startActivityForResult(activity, intent, requestCode, null);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getIntent() == null || !getIntent().hasExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("PermissionsActivity需要使用静态startActivityForResult方法启动!");
        }

        mChecker = new PermissionsChecker(this);
        isRequireCheck = true;
    }

    @Override protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if (isRequireCheck) {
            String[] permissions = getPermissions();
            if (mChecker.lacksPermissions(permissions)) {
                requestPermissions(permissions); // 请求权限
            } else {
                allPermissionsGranted(); // 全部权限都已获取
            }
        } else {
            isRequireCheck = true;
        }
    }

    // 返回传递的权限参数
    private String[] getPermissions() {
        return getIntent().getStringArrayExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS);
    }

    // 请求权限兼容低版本
    private void requestPermissions(String... permissions) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
    }

    // 全部权限均已获取
    private void allPermissionsGranted() {
        setResult(PERMISSIONS_GRANTED);
        finish();
    }

    /**
     * 用户权限处理,
     * 如果全部获取, 则直接过.
     * 如果权限缺失, 则提示Dialog.``
     *
     * @param requestCode  请求码
     * @param permissions  权限
     * @param grantResults 结果
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE && hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) {
            isRequireCheck = true;
            allPermissionsGranted();
        } else {
            isRequireCheck = false;
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                for (int i =0; i<permissions.length; ++i) {
                    if (permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS)
                            && grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                        if (!Settings.System.canWrite(PermissionsActivity.this)) {
                            askForPermissionsWriteSettings();
                        } else {
                            grantResults[i] = PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                            if (hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) {
                                isRequireCheck = true;
                                allPermissionsGranted();
                            } else {
                                showMissingPermissionDialog();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {
                showMissingPermissionDialog();
            }
        }
    }

    // 含有全部的权限
    private boolean hasAllPermissionsGranted(@NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
            if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    // 显示缺失权限提示
    private void showMissingPermissionDialog() {
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(PermissionsActivity.this);
        builder.setTitle(R.string.app_name);
        builder.setMessage("This app needs permissions");

        // 拒绝, 退出应用
        builder.setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                setResult(PERMISSIONS_DENIED);
                finish();
            }
        });

        builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                startAppSettings();
            }
        });

        builder.setCancelable(false);

        builder.show();
    }

    // 启动应用的设置
    private void startAppSettings() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        intent.setData(Uri.parse(PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME + getPackageName()));
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    private void askForPermissionsWriteSettings() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_WRITE_SETTINGS);
        intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
        startActivityForResult(intent, PERMISSIONS_CODE_WRITE_SETTINGS);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        // 拒绝时, 关闭页面, 缺少主要权限, 无法运行

        if (requestCode == PERMISSIONS_CODE_WRITE_SETTINGS) {
            if (!Settings.System.canWrite(PermissionsActivity.this)) {
                Log.d(TAG, "PERMISSIONS_DENIED");
                setResult(PERMISSIONS_DENIED);
            } else {
                setResult(PERMISSIONS_GRANTED);
                Log.d(TAG, "PERMISSIONS_GRANTED");
            }
            finish();
        }
    }
}

SplashActivity.java 的代码如下所示：

// package name
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class SplashActivity extends Activity {

    private static final String TAG = "SplashActivity";

    final private static int PERMISSIONS_CODE = 29; // 请求码

    static final String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    };

    private PermissionsChecker permissionsChecker;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        permissionsChecker = new PermissionsChecker(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        if (permissionsChecker.lacksPermissions(PERMISSIONS)) {
            startPermissionsActivity();
        } else {
            showMainActivity();
            finish();
        }
        super.onResume();
    }

    private void startPermissionsActivity() {
        PermissionsActivity.startActivityForResult(this, PERMISSIONS_CODE, PERMISSIONS);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        // 拒绝时, 关闭页面, 缺少主要权限, 无法运行
        if (requestCode == PERMISSIONS_CODE &&
                resultCode == PermissionsActivity.PERMISSIONS_DENIED) {
        } else {
            showMainActivity();
        }
        finish();
    }

    private void showMainActivity() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

在 AndroidManifest.xml 中的 application 标签中配置如下 Activity 的内容：

        <activity android:name=".SplashActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".PermissionsActivity" />
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" />

将其中的 MainActivity 为我们的主界面 Activity 即可

以上方法在基于 Android 6.0 的联想 P2 手机上测试顺利解决相关授权问题。希望该方案可以帮到有此问题的朋友。另外，如果方案有不周之处，欢迎大家不吝留言提醒，多谢多谢。