NSPredicate的使用

作者: 番薯大佬 | 来源:发表于2018-03-05 16:01 被阅读7次

NSPredicate是一个Foundation类，它指定数据被获取或者过滤的方式。它的查询语言就像SQL的WHERE和正则表达式的交叉一样，提供了具有表现力的，自然语言界面来定义一个集合被搜寻的逻辑条件。

比较运算

// =，==：判断两个表达式是否相等，
NSNumber *testNumber = @123;
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF = 123"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs 123: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"相等" : @"不相等"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.768 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs 123: 相等

// >=，=>：判断左边表达式的值是否大于或等于右边表达式的值
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF >= 200"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs 200: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"大于等于" : @"小于"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.768 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs 200: 小于

// <=，=<：判断右边表达式的值是否小于或等于右边表达式的值
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF <= 150"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs 150: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"小于等于" : @"大于"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.768 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs 150: 小于等于

// >：判断左边表达式的值是否大于右边表达式的值
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF > 123"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs 123: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"大于" : @"小于等于"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.768 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs 123: 小于等于

// <：判断左边表达式的值是否小于右边表达式的值
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF < 123"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs 123: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"小于" : @"大于等于"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.769 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs 123: 大于等于

// !=、<>：判断两个表达式是否不相等
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF != 123"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs 123: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"不相等" : @"相等"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.769 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs 123: 相等

// BETWEEN：BETWEEN表达式必须满足表达式 BETWEEN {下限，上限}的格式，要求该表达式必须大于或等于下限，并小于或等于上限
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF BETWEEN {100, 200}"];
NSLog(@"%@ vs {100, 200}: %@", testNumber, ([predicate evaluateWithObject:testNumber] ? @"包含" : @"不包含"));

2018-03-05 15:50:47.769 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123 vs {100, 200}: 包含

逻辑运算

NSArray *testArray = @[@1, @2, @3, @4, @5, @6];

// AND、&&：逻辑与，要求两个表达式的值都为YES时，结果才为YES。
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF > 2 && SELF < 5"];
NSArray *filterArray = [testArray filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
NSLog(@"元素值大于2，且小于5的数组:%@", filterArray);
    
// OR、||：逻辑或，要求其中一个表达式为YES时，结果就是YES
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF < 2 || SELF > 5"];
filterArray = [testArray filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
NSLog(@"元素值小于2，或大于5的数组:%@", filterArray);
    
// NOT、 !：逻辑非，对原有的表达式取反
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"NOT (SELF > 2 AND SELF < 5)"];
filterArray = [testArray filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
NSLog(@"元素值既不大于2也不小于5，即小于等于2，或大于等于5:%@", filterArray);

2018-03-05 15:52:47.475 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 元素值大于2，且小于5的数组:(
    3,
    4
)
2018-03-05 15:52:47.476 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 元素值小于2，或大于5的数组:(
    1,
    6
)
2018-03-05 15:52:47.476 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 元素值既不大于2也不小于5，即小于等于2，或大于等于5:(
    1,
    2,
    5,
    6
)

字符串比较运算

NSString *text = @"devZhang";

// BEGINSWITH：检查某个字符串是否以指定的字符串开头（如判断字符串是否以a开头：BEGINSWITH 'a'）
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF BEGINSWITH 'd'"];
NSLog(@"%@ beginWith d: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.048 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] devZhang beginWith d: 1

// ENDSWITH：检查某个字符串是否以指定的字符串结尾
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF ENDSWITH 'a'"];
NSLog(@"%@ endWith a: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.048 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] devZhang endWith a: 0

// CONTAINS：检查某个字符串是否包含指定的字符串
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF CONTAINS 'evZ'"];
NSLog(@"%@ 包含 evZ: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.048 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] devZhang 包含 evZ: 1

// LIKE：检查某个字符串是否匹配指定的字符串模板。其之后可以跟?代表一个字符和*代表任意多个字符两个通配符。比如"name LIKE '*ac*'"，这表示name的值中包含ac则返回YES；"name LIKE '?ac*'"，表示name的第2、3个字符为ac时返回YES。
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF LIKE '?evZ*g'"];
NSLog(@"%@ like ?evZ*g: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.049 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] devZhang like ?evZ*g: 1

// MATCHES：匹配，即检查某个字符串是否匹配指定的正则表达式。虽然正则表达式的执行效率是最低的，但其功能是最强大的，也是我们最常用的。
// 判断字符串是否以d字符开头，g字符结尾
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^d.+g$'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match d开头/g结尾: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.049 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] devZhang match d开头/g结尾: 1

// 判断字符串是否为1~20位的字母字符串（没有位数限制时，可写成"[a-zA-Z]{1,}"，或"[a-zA-Z]+"）
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '[a-zA-Z]{1,20}'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 1~20位字母: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.049 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] devZhang match 1~20位字母: 1

// 判断字符串是否以下划线开头包含数字和字母的6~12位
text = @"_168devZhang";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^_+[0-9]+[a-zA-Z]{6,12}'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 下划线开头+数字+字母+6~12位: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.050 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] _168devZhang match 下划线开头+数字+字母+6~12位: 1

// 判断字符串长度
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '([a-zA-Z0-9._&*]{8,16})'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 8~16位: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.050 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] _168devZhang match 8~16位: 1

// 判断数字带两位小数
text = @"123.22";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^[0-9]+(.[0-9]{2})'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 数字带两位小数: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.050 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 123.22 match 数字带两位小数: 1

/**
     * 手机号码
     * 移动：134[0-8],135,136,137,138,139,150,151,157,158,159,182,187,188
     * 联通：130,131,132,152,155,156,185,186
     * 电信：133,1349,153,180,189
*/
text = @"13511113244";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^1(34[0-8]|(3[5-9]|5[017-9]|8[278]))[0-9]{8}$|^1(3[0-2]|5[256]|8[56])[0-9]{8}$|^1(33|53|8[09])[0-9]{8}|^1(349)[0-9]{7}'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 手机号码: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.050 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 13511113244 match 手机号码: 1

// 中国移动：134[0-8],135,136,137,138,139,150,151,157,158,159,182,187,188
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^1(34[0-8]|(3[5-9]|5[017-9]|8[278]))[0-9]{8}$'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 中国移动手机号码: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.051 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 13511113244 match 中国移动手机号码: 1

// 中国联通：130,131,132,152,155,156,185,186
text = @"18555551155";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^1(3[0-2]|5[256]|8[56])[0-9]{8}$'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 中国联通手机号码: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.051 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 18555551155 match 中国联通手机号码: 1

// 中国电信：133,1349,153,180,189
text = @"13498161155";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^1(33|53|8[09])[0-9]{8}|^1(349)[0-9]{7}'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 中国电信手机号码: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.051 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 13498161155 match 中国电信手机号码: 1

/**
     * 大陆地区固话及小灵通
     * 区号：010,020,021,022,023,024,025,027,028,029,0755,0753,……
     * 号码：七位或八位
*/
text = @"075522222222";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '^0(10|2[05789])[1-9]{8}|^0[0-9]{3}[0-9]{7,8}'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 固定电话: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.051 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 075522222222 match 固定电话: 1

// 验证email
text = @"zhangsy@163.com";
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES '[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{1,5}'"];
NSLog(@"%@ match 电子邮箱: %d", text, [predicate evaluateWithObject:text]);

2018-03-05 15:54:59.052 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] zhangsy@163.com match 电子邮箱: 1

集合运算

NSArray *filterArray = @[@"ab", @"abc"];
NSArray *array = @[@"a", @"ab", @"abc", @"abcd"];

// 元素值未包含
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"NOT (SELF IN %@)", filterArray];
NSArray *resultArray = [array filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
NSLog(@"未包含在集合中的数组：%@", resultArray);

2018-03-05 15:59:59.412 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 未包含在集合中的数组：(
    a,
    abcd
)

// 判断元素值大于等于某个值
array = @[@"2", @"3", @"4", @"5"];
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"integerValue >= %@", @(3)];
resultArray = [array filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
NSLog(@"元素值大于某个值：%@", resultArray);

2018-03-05 15:59:59.412 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] 元素值大于某个值：(
    3,
    4,
    5
)

// 判断元素值
NSMutableArray *personArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
        PersonModel *person = [[PersonModel alloc] init];
        person.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name_%@", @(i)];
        person.age = @(arc4random() % 50 + 10 + i);
        
        [personArray addObject:person];
}
NSLog(@"personArray = %@", personArray);
array = [NSArray arrayWithArray:personArray];
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"age >= %@", @(30)];
resultArray = [array filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
NSLog(@"resultArray = %@", resultArray);

2018-03-05 15:59:59.412 DemoNSPredicate[2472:315182] personArray = (
    "<PersonModel: 0x600000242be0>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x600000243270>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x600000242dc0>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x600000243570>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x600000242b80>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x6000002425e0>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x6000002435d0>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x6000002426a0>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x6000002430c0>",
    "<PersonModel: 0x600000243540>"
)

PersonModel

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface PersonModel : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *address;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *job;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *age;

@end

#import "PersonModel.h"

@implementation PersonModel

@end

NSPredicate的使用

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