在Xposed框架的模块编写中，通常希望我们自己写的Android界面控制部分能够对Xposde框架的模块进行配置，也就说在当前Android应用中写的SharePreference文件，在其他Android应用加载该Xposde模块时，在执行的Xposed模块代码中能够访问到前面提到的SharePreference配置文件。当然了将配置文件写在Android应用的sd卡路径下是可以的，但是到了Android系统7.0的高版本时，基于sd卡文件的访问权限问题，使得这种方法不是很好使，当然了基于SharePreference配置文件的数据共享方法也不好使。这里只是学习一下Xposed框架中XSharePreference的使用方法，具体遇到的问题就是《一个基于xposed和inline hook的一代壳脱壳工具》中，关于Xposed模块共享配置文件问题的讨论，总之呢，到了Android 7.0版本的系统，基于权限和安全性的考虑，这两种方法都不是最佳的共享数据的通用方法。
一、普通情况下，Android应用跨进程共享文件数据的方法，可以参考博客《读、写其他应用程序的SharedPreferences》的讲解。
要读、写其他Android应用的SharedPreferences文件，需要共享该SharedPreferences文件的Android应用程序指定相应的访问权限，例如：MODE_WORLD_READABLE表明该SharedPreferences可被其他应用程序读取；指定MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE，表明该SharedPreferences可被其他程序写入。
操作步骤：
1、创建其他Android应用程序对应的Context。
2、调用上面Context的getSharedPreferences(String name,int mode)，获取相应的SharedPreferences对象。
3、如果需要写入数据，调用SharedPreferences的edit()方法获取相应的Editor即可。
摘抄一下作者冯健-developer大大的博客代码，进行演示说明：
共享SharedPreferences配置文件数据的Android应用：
image
获取共享的SharedPreferences配置文件数据的Android应用：
image
但是这个Android跨进程共享SharedPreferences文件数据的方案，在Android的高版本系统上并不好使，具体的可以参考博客《SharedPreferences多进程解决方案》的描述，google官方还是推荐使用ContentProvider的方法进行替代，具体的内容如下：
image
二、Xposed框架下，Android应用与编写的Xposed模块进行SharedPreferences文件数据共享的实现。
对于Android应用与编写的Xposed模块进行SharedPreferences文件数据的共享，Xposed框架提供了XSharePreference的解决方法，不过需要说明的Xposed框架提供的XSharePreference只能实现SharedPreferences文件数据共享的读，不支持跨进程SharedPreferences文件数据共享的写。SharePrefernce实际上是对应路径/data/data/<Package Name>/shared_prefs/<Package Name>_preferences.xml的文件，里面按键值对的形式存放。XSharedPreferences做的工作实际上就是根据<Package Name>自己去获取和解析这个配置文件，然后读出该配置文件中的数据存放在一个HashMap当中，这些可以从XSharedPreferences的源码中了解到。
package de.robv.android.xposed;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.util.Log;
import com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import de.robv.android.xposed.services.FileResult;
/**
* This class is basically the same as SharedPreferencesImpl from AOSP, but
* read-only and without listeners support. Instead, it is made to be
* compatible with all ROMs.
*/
public final class XSharedPreferences implements SharedPreferences {
private static final String TAG = "XSharedPreferences";
private final File mFile;
private final String mFilename;
private Map<String, Object> mMap;
private boolean mLoaded = false;
private long mLastModified;
private long mFileSize;
/**
* Read settings from the specified file.
* @param prefFile The file to read the preferences from.
*/
public XSharedPreferences(File prefFile) {
mFile = prefFile;
mFilename = mFile.getAbsolutePath();
startLoadFromDisk();
}
/**
* Read settings from the default preferences for a package.
* These preferences are returned by {@link PreferenceManager#getDefaultSharedPreferences}.
* @param packageName The package name.
*/
public XSharedPreferences(String packageName) {
// 调用XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName)函数
this(packageName, packageName + "_preferences");
}
/**
* Read settings from a custom preferences file for a package.
* These preferences are returned by {@link Context#getSharedPreferences(String, int)}.
* @param packageName The package name.
* @param prefFileName The file name without ".xml".
*/
public XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName) {
// Environment.getDataDirectory()获取Android系统的/data目录
// 在/data/data/路径下创建共享xml文件
mFile = new File(Environment.getDataDirectory(), "data/" + packageName + "/shared_prefs/" + prefFileName + ".xml");
// 获取文件全路径
mFilename = mFile.getAbsolutePath();
startLoadFromDisk();
}
/**
* Tries to make the preferences file world-readable.
*
* <p><strong>Warning:</strong> This is only meant to work around permission "fix" functions that are part
* of some recoveries. It doesn't replace the need to open preferences with {@code MODE_WORLD_READABLE}
* in the module's UI code. Otherwise, Android will set stricter permissions again during the next save.
*
* <p>This will only work if executed as root (e.g. {@code initZygote()}) and only if SELinux is disabled.
*
* @return {@code true} in case the file could be made world-readable.
*/
@SuppressLint("SetWorldReadable")
public boolean makeWorldReadable() {
if (!SELinuxHelper.getAppDataFileService().hasDirectFileAccess())
return false; // It doesn't make much sense to make the file readable if we wouldn't be able to access it anyway.
if (!mFile.exists()) // Just in case - the file should never be created if it doesn't exist.
return false;
// 设置文件为全局可读
return mFile.setReadable(true, false);
}
/**
* Returns the file that is backing these preferences.
*
* <p><strong>Warning:</strong> The file might not be accessible directly.
*/
public File getFile() {
return mFile;
}
private void startLoadFromDisk() {
synchronized (this) {
mLoaded = false;
}
new Thread("XSharedPreferences-load") {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (XSharedPreferences.this) {
loadFromDiskLocked();
}
}
}.start();
}
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
private void loadFromDiskLocked() {
if (mLoaded) {
return;
}
Map map = null;
FileResult result = null;
try {
result = SELinuxHelper.getAppDataFileService().getFileInputStream(mFilename, mFileSize, mLastModified);
if (result.stream != null) {
map = XmlUtils.readMapXml(result.stream);
result.stream.close();
} else {
// The file is unchanged, keep the current values
map = mMap;
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
Log.w(TAG, "getSharedPreferences", e);
} catch (FileNotFoundException ignored) {
// SharedPreferencesImpl has a canRead() check, so it doesn't log anything in case the file doesn't exist
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.w(TAG, "getSharedPreferences", e);
} finally {
if (result != null && result.stream != null) {
try {
result.stream.close();
} catch (RuntimeException rethrown) {
throw rethrown;
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
}
}
mLoaded = true;
if (map != null) {
mMap = map;
mLastModified = result.mtime;
mFileSize = result.size;
} else {
mMap = new HashMap<>();
}
notifyAll();
}
/**
* Reload the settings from file if they have changed.
*
* <p><strong>Warning:</strong> With enforcing SELinux, this call might be quite expensive.
*/
public synchronized void reload() {
if (hasFileChanged())
startLoadFromDisk();
}
/**
* Check whether the file has changed since the last time it has been loaded.
*
* <p><strong>Warning:</strong> With enforcing SELinux, this call might be quite expensive.
*/
public synchronized boolean hasFileChanged() {
try {
FileResult result = SELinuxHelper.getAppDataFileService().statFile(mFilename);
return mLastModified != result.mtime || mFileSize != result.size;
} catch (FileNotFoundException ignored) {
// SharedPreferencesImpl doesn't log anything in case the file doesn't exist
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.w(TAG, "hasFileChanged", e);
return true;
}
}
private void awaitLoadedLocked() {
while (!mLoaded) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException unused) {
}
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public Map<String, ?> getAll() {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
return new HashMap<>(mMap);
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public String getString(String key, String defValue) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
String v = (String)mMap.get(key);
return v != null ? v : defValue;
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public Set<String> getStringSet(String key, Set<String> defValues) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
Set<String> v = (Set<String>) mMap.get(key);
return v != null ? v : defValues;
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public int getInt(String key, int defValue) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
Integer v = (Integer)mMap.get(key);
return v != null ? v : defValue;
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public long getLong(String key, long defValue) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
Long v = (Long)mMap.get(key);
return v != null ? v : defValue;
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public float getFloat(String key, float defValue) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
Float v = (Float)mMap.get(key);
return v != null ? v : defValue;
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean defValue) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
Boolean v = (Boolean)mMap.get(key);
return v != null ? v : defValue;
}
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public boolean contains(String key) {
synchronized (this) {
awaitLoadedLocked();
return mMap.containsKey(key);
}
}
/** @deprecated Not supported by this implementation. */
@Deprecated
@Override
public Editor edit() {
// 不支持共享配置文件的写操作
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("read-only implementation");
}
/** @deprecated Not supported by this implementation. */
@Deprecated
@Override
public void registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener listener) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("listeners are not supported in this implementation");
}
/** @deprecated Not supported by this implementation. */
@Deprecated
@Override
public void unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener listener) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("listeners are not supported in this implementation");
}
}
XSharedPreferences的api使用说明：https://api.xposed.info/reference/de/robv/android/xposed/XSharedPreferences.html
1.使用 XSharedPreferences(String packageName) 获取共享配置文件SharedPreferences的数据。
构造函数的源码如下，在构建XSharedPreferences对象设置默认的xml文件的文件名称为packageName+"_preferences"，很显然构造函数XSharedPreferences(String packageName)最终是调用的构造函数XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName)来实现的，只是传给该构造函数的第2个参数是默认的packageName+"_preferences"。
image
XSharedPreferences(String packageName)函数的使用说明：
image
保存数据到共享配置文件SharedPreferences中，使用的场景是自己写的Xposed框架一般都会做个界面，继承Activity的，保存数据是直接正常保存，唯一注意的就是初始化SharedPreferences的时候，权限要写成：Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE。这样的话，在其他的Xposed模块才能访问到这个共享的配置文件SharedPreferences，但是在Android 7.0的系统上还是会存在问题，不好使。
// 创建共享配置文件的时，设置为Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE模式
SharedPreferences sp = getActivity()
.getSharedPreferences(getPackageName() + "_preferences", Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();
// 保存数据到共享配置文件中
editor.putString("test_put", "test_put").commit();
在编写的Xposed模块中，对共享的SharedPreferences文件数据进行访问：
// 其中"com.xxx.yyy"为共享SharedPreferences文件数据的Android应用的包名
XSharedPreferences intance = new XSharedPreferences("xxx.yyy.zzz");
String strHello = intance.getString("test_put", "");
2.使用XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName)获取共享配置文件SharedPreferences的数据。
构造函数的源码如下：
image
构造函数的使用说明：
image
数据的保存：
SharedPreferences sp = getActivity().getSharedPreferences("config", Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();editor.putBoolean("isOk", true).commit();
数据的访问：
在XSharePreference初始化完成后，一定要设置为可读取即makeWorldReadable()。XSharedPreferences是只读的，并不允许进行写操作，从源码中实现中就可以看出来，代码来自于博客《Xposed中的XSharePreference的使用》。
public class PreferenceUtils {
public static final String AUTO_ALL ="auto_all";
public static final String REPLY_CONTENT ="reply_content";
public static final String REPLY_ORDER ="reply_order";
public static final String REPLY_ROBOT ="reply_robot";
public static final String REPLY_DESCRIBE ="reply_describe";
private static XSharedPreferences intance = null;
public static XSharedPreferences getIntance(){
if (intance == null){
intance = new XSharedPreferences("com.ydscience.fakemomo","config");
intance.makeWorldReadable();
}else {
intance.reload();
}
return intance;
}
public static boolean openAll(){
return getIntance().getBoolean(AUTO_ALL,false);
}
public static String replyContent(){
return getIntance().getString(REPLY_CONTENT,"请设置自动回复内容");
}
}
提供一个Xposed框架中XSharePreference使用的例子，来源于看雪论坛《一个基于xposed和inline hook的一代壳脱壳工具》下面关于该脱壳插件改进讨论的例子代码，在这个基础上根据需求进行修改即可：
/**
* Created by virjar on 2018/2/24.<br>
* 原方案，在宿主apk无sd卡权限时，无法hook无法读取配置，所以使用XSharePreference来处理多apk配置通信问题，这是因为shardPreference可以开放读取权限，绕开了不同app私有文件通信问题
*/
class XSharePreferenceConfig {
private static final String pluginPackage = "com.smartdone.dexdump";
private static final String configName = "dumpapps";
//可写的XSharedPreferences对象，这个可以使用在插件自己的apk里面使用
private SharedPreferences writeXSharedPreferences = null;
//只读的XSharedPreferences,这个可以让插件在宿主Android应用里面访问
private SharedPreferences readXSharedPreferences = null;
@SuppressLint("WorldReadableFiles")
void initWriteSharedPreference(Context pluginHostContext) {
if (!StringUtils.equals(pluginHostContext.getApplicationInfo().packageName, pluginPackage)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("can not create write sharedPreference in host app");
}
if (writeXSharedPreferences != null) {
return;
}
writeXSharedPreferences = pluginHostContext.getSharedPreferences(configName, Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
}
void initReadSharePreference() {
if (readXSharedPreferences != null) {
return;
}
readXSharedPreferences = new XSharedPreferences(pluginPackage, configName);
}
private SharedPreferences getBindSharePreference() {
if (writeXSharedPreferences != null) {
return writeXSharedPreferences;
}
if (readXSharedPreferences != null) {
return readXSharedPreferences;
}
throw new IllegalStateException("not inited");
}
// 向共享配置文件中添加数据
void addOne(String name) {
SharedPreferences bindSharePreference = getBindSharePreference();
Set<String> stringSet = Sets.newHashSet(Splitter.on(",").splitToList(bindSharePreference.getString(configName, "")));
stringSet.add(name);
bindSharePreference.edit().putString(configName, Joiner.on(",").join(stringSet)).apply();
}
// 从共享配置文件中移除数据
void removeOne(String name) {
SharedPreferences bindSharePreference = getBindSharePreference();
Set<String> stringSet = Sets.newHashSet(Splitter.on(",").splitToList(bindSharePreference.getString(configName, "")));
stringSet.remove(name);
bindSharePreference.edit().putString(configName, Joiner.on(",").join(stringSet)).apply();
}
// 获取共享的配置文件中的数据
Set<String> getConfig() {
return Sets.newHashSet(Splitter.on(",").splitToList(getBindSharePreference().getString(configName, "")));
}
static boolean contains(Set<String> lists, String name) {
if (lists == null) {
return false;
}
for (String l : lists) {
if (l.equals(name)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
比较不错的博客参考链接，很多知识点都是结合Xposed的api参考文档和源码以及这些博客搬运过来：
Xposed的api参考文档: https://api.xposed.info/reference/packages.html
《Xposed Xposed读取SharedPreferences》
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