margin/padding百分比实现

本文依赖于一个基础却又容易混淆的css知识点：当margin/padding取形式为百分比的值时，无论是left/right，还是top/bottom，都是以父元素的width为参照物的！
也许你会说，left/right以父元素的width为参照物好理解，但是top/bottom为什么也是以父元素的width为参照物的呢？网上众说纷纭，关键还是看W3C的规范：
Note that in a horizontal flow, percentages on ‘margin-top’ and ‘margin-bottom’ are relative to the width of the containing block, not the height (and in vertical flow, ‘margin-left’ and ‘margin-right’ are relative to the height, not the width).

Note that percentages on ‘padding-top’ and ‘padding-bottom’ are relative to the width of the containing block, not the height (at least in a horizontal flow; in a vertical flow they are relative to the height).