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《笨办法学Python3》练习十二:用户交互

《笨办法学Python3》练习十二:用户交互

作者: 雨开Ame | 来源:发表于2019-03-01 15:41 被阅读0次

    练习代码

    age = input("How old are you? ")
    height = input("How tall are you? ")
    weight = input("How much do you weigh? ")
    
    print(f"So, you're {age} old, {height} tall and {weight} heavy.")
    

    Study Drills

    1. In Terminal, where you normally run python3.6 to run your scripts, type pydoc input. Read what it says. If you’re on Windows try python3.6 -m pydoc input instead.
    Help on built-in function input in module builtins:
    
    input(prompt=None, /)
        Read a string from standard input.  The trailing newline is stripped.
    
        The prompt string, if given, is printed to standard output without a
        trailing newline before reading input.
    
        If the user hits EOF (*nix: Ctrl-D, Windows: Ctrl-Z+Return), raise EOFError.
        On *nix systems, readline is used if available.
    
    1. Get out of pydoc by typing q to quit.

    2. Look online for what the pydoc command does.

    pydoc - Documentation generator and online help system

    1. Use pydoc to also read about open, file, os, and sys. It’s alright if you do not understand
      those; just read through and take notes about interesting things.

    open()

    Help on built-in function open in module io:
    
    open(file, mode='r', buffering=-1, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None, closefd=True, opener=None)
        Open file and return a stream.  Raise OSError upon failure.
    
        file is either a text or byte string giving the name (and the path
        if the file isn't in the current working directory) of the file to
        be opened or an integer file descriptor of the file to be
        wrapped. (If a file descriptor is given, it is closed when the
        returned I/O object is closed, unless closefd is set to False.)
    
        mode is an optional string that specifies the mode in which the file
        is opened. It defaults to 'r' which means open for reading in text
        mode.  Other common values are 'w' for writing (truncating the file if
        it already exists), 'x' for creating and writing to a new file, and
        'a' for appending (which on some Unix systems, means that all writes
        append to the end of the file regardless of the current seek position).
        In text mode, if encoding is not specified the encoding used is platform
        dependent: locale.getpreferredencoding(False) is called to get the
        current locale encoding. (For reading and writing raw bytes use binary
        mode and leave encoding unspecified.) The available modes are:
    
        ========= ===============================================================
        Character Meaning
        --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
        'r'       open for reading (default)
        'w'       open for writing, truncating the file first
        'x'       create a new file and open it for writing
        'a'       open for writing, appending to the end of the file if it exists
        'b'       binary mode
        't'       text mode (default)
        '+'       open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)
        'U'       universal newline mode (deprecated)
        ========= ===============================================================
    
        The default mode is 'rt' (open for reading text). For binary random
        access, the mode 'w+b' opens and truncates the file to 0 bytes, while
        'r+b' opens the file without truncation. The 'x' mode implies 'w' and
        raises an `FileExistsError` if the file already exists.
    
        ...
    

    os

    Help on module os:
    
    NAME
        os - OS routines for NT or Posix depending on what system we're on.
    
    DESCRIPTION
        This exports:
          - all functions from posix or nt, e.g. unlink, stat, etc.
          - os.path is either posixpath or ntpath
          - os.name is either 'posix' or 'nt'
          - os.curdir is a string representing the current directory (always '.')
          - os.pardir is a string representing the parent directory (always '..')
          - os.sep is the (or a most common) pathname separator ('/' or '\\')
          - os.extsep is the extension separator (always '.')
          - os.altsep is the alternate pathname separator (None or '/')
          - os.pathsep is the component separator used in $PATH etc
          - os.linesep is the line separator in text files ('\r' or '\n' or '\r\n')
          - os.defpath is the default search path for executables
          - os.devnull is the file path of the null device ('/dev/null', etc.)
        
        Programs that import and use 'os' stand a better chance of being
        portable between different platforms.  Of course, they must then
        only use functions that are defined by all platforms (e.g., unlink
        and opendir), and leave all pathname manipulation to os.path
        (e.g., split and join).
    
        ...
    

    sys

    Help on built-in module sys:
    
    NAME
        sys
    
    ...
    
    DESCRIPTION
        This module provides access to some objects used or maintained by the
        interpreter and to functions that interact strongly with the interpreter.
    
    ...
    

    补充

    1. file不能经过pydoc查看文档。
    2. 可以运行pydoc -w os,将os文档内容以html网页形式查看,方便阅读。还可以pydoc -b,查看所有文档的索引,支持搜索。

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