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MongoDB复制集 搭建

MongoDB复制集 搭建

作者: Miracle001 | 来源:发表于2019-03-11 17:47 被阅读1次

    MongoDB复制集概述

    MongoDB复制集实现了冗余备份和故障转移两大功能，这样能保证数据库的高可用性。
在生产环境，复制集至少包括三个节点，其中一个必须为主节点，一个从节点，一个仲裁节点。
其中每一个节点都是mongod进程对应的实例，节点间通过心跳检查对方的状态。
     primary节点：负责数据库的读写操作。
     secondary节点：备份primary节点上的数据，可以有多个。
     arbiter节点：主节点故障时，参与复制集剩下节点中选举一个新的primary节点。

    准备

    centos7 1804
网络NAT+仅主机
3台主机
192.168.25.11 主节点
192.168.25.12 从节点
192.168.25.13 仲裁节点

/etc/hosts
192.168.25.11 node1.fgq.com node1
192.168.25.12 node2.fgq.com node2
192.168.25.13 node3.fgq.com node3
192.168.25.14 node4.fgq.com node4
192.168.25.15 node5.fgq.com node5

下载mongodb包
https://www.mongodb.com/download-center/community
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.6.tgz


## 3个节点都操作，以node1为例
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /fgq/base-env/
[root@node1 ~]# cd /fgq/base-env
[root@node1 base-env]# rz  上传mongodb包
[root@node1 base-env]# tar zxf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.6.tgz 
[root@node1 base-env]# ln -s mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.6 mongodb
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /fgq/data/mongodb/logs
[root@node1 ~]# cd /fgq/data/mongodb/
[root@node1 mongodb]# vi mongodb.conf
#端口号port = 27017
#数据目录
dbpath=/fgq/data/mongodb
#日志目录
logpath=/fgq/data/mongodb/logs/mongodb.log
#日志持久化，单实例需要开启
#journal = true
#最大同时连接数
maxConns = 5000
#设置后台运行
fork=true
#日志输出方式
logappend = true
#开启认证
#auth = true
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
#副本集名称
replSet = rs1
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/mongodb.sh 
export PATH=$PATH:/fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin
[root@node1 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mongodb.sh
[root@node1 ~]# mongo -h
[root@node3 ~]# nohup /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf > mongodlog 2>&1 &
[1] 1465
[root@node3 ~]# ss -ntl|grep 27017
LISTEN     0      128          *:27017                    *:*
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux |grep mongod
root       1503  1.5  3.2 1111320 60372 ?       Sl   15:23   0:01 /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf
root       1551  0.0  0.0 112704   972 pts/0    S+   15:25   0:00 grep --color=auto mongod

    初始化复制集主节点、添加从节点和仲裁节点

    node1 主节点操作
##进入shell交互式
[root@node1 ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.0.6
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("a6b8d8c6-79ee-4a18-95b0-7d065bd336e9") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.6
Welcome to the MongoDB shell.
## 初始化复制集primary节点
> rs.initiate({_id:'rs1',members:[{_id:1,host:'node1:27017'}]})
{
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552030156, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552030156, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}
rs1:SECONDARY> rs.conf()
{
    "_id" : "rs1",
    "version" : 1,
    "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
    "writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault" : true,
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "host" : "node1:27017",
            "arbiterOnly" : false,
            "buildIndexes" : true,
            "hidden" : false,
            "priority" : 1,
            "tags" : {
                
            },
            "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
            "votes" : 1
        }
    ],
    "settings" : {
        "chainingAllowed" : true,
        "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000,
        "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,
        "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000,
        "catchUpTimeoutMillis" : -1,
        "catchUpTakeoverDelayMillis" : 30000,
        "getLastErrorModes" : {
            
        },
        "getLastErrorDefaults" : {
            "w" : 1,
            "wtimeout" : 0
        },
        "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("5c8219cca795d643beefd1c7")
    }
}

## 添加second节点和arbiter节点
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.add("node2:27017")
{
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552030573, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552030573, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.addArb("node3:27017")
{
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552030656, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552030656, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

    检查各个节点local库信息

    node1操作
rs1:PRIMARY> use local
switched to db local
rs1:PRIMARY> show collections
oplog.rs
replset.election
replset.minvalid
replset.oplogTruncateAfterPoint
startup_log

node2操作
[root@node2 ~]# mongo
rs1:SECONDARY> use local
switched to db local
rs1:SECONDARY> show collections
oplog.rs
replset.minvalid
replset.oplogTruncateAfterPoint
startup_log

node3操作
rs1:ARBITER> use local
switched to db local
rs1:ARBITER> show collections
replset.minvalid
replset.oplogTruncateAfterPoint
startup_log

    检查复制集状态

    node1操作
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "rs1",
    "date" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:32.161Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(1),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        }
    },
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1552031119, 1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "node1:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 1315,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:29Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1552030156, 2),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:29:16Z"),
            "configVersion" : 3,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "node2:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 559,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:29Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:29Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:31.621Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:30.657Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(2),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "node1:27017",
            "syncSourceHost" : "node1:27017",
            "syncSourceId" : 1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        },
        {
            "_id" : 3,
            "name" : "node3:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 475,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:31.621Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:45:31.611Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(1),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552031129, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

    测试复制集

    ## 主节点插入数据
[root@node1 ~]# mongo
rs1:PRIMARY> use testdb
switched to db testdb
rs1:PRIMARY> db
testdb
rs1:PRIMARY> for (i=1;i<=100;i++) db.students.insert({name:"student"+i,age:(i%10),address:"#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs1:PRIMARY> show collections
students
rs1:PRIMARY> db.students.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c82215ba2f532712480afda"), "name" : "student1", "age" : 1, "address" : "#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c82215ba2f532712480afdb"), "name" : "student2", "age" : 2, "address" : "#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c82215ba2f532712480afdc"), "name" : "student3", "age" : 3, "address" : "#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China" }
...  ...

## 从节点检查复制情况
[root@node2 ~]# mongo
rs1:SECONDARY> db
testdb
rs1:SECONDARY> show collections
2019-03-08T16:10:45.196+0800 E QUERY    [js] Error: listCollections failed: {
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552032639, 1),
    "ok" : 0,
    "errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",  //因为secondary是不允许读写的，如果非要解决，则执行：rs.slaveOk()
    "code" : 13435,
    "codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk",
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552032639, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:25:13
DB.prototype._getCollectionInfosCommand@src/mongo/shell/db.js:943:1
DB.prototype.getCollectionInfos@src/mongo/shell/db.js:993:20
DB.prototype.getCollectionNames@src/mongo/shell/db.js:1031:16
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:869:9
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:766:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
rs1:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
rs1:SECONDARY> show collections
students
rs1:SECONDARY> db.students.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c82215ba2f532712480afda"), "name" : "student1", "age" : 1, "address" : "#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c82215ba2f532712480afdd"), "name" : "student4", "age" : 4, "address" : "#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c82215ba2f532712480afe6"), "name" : "student13", "age" : 3, "address" : "#25 Lianyun Road,Zhengzhou,China" }
通过db.students.find()查询到和主复制集上一样的数据，表示数据同步成功！

## arbiter节点检查数据情况
rs1:ARBITER> use testdb
switched to db testdb
rs1:ARBITER> show collections
2019-03-08T16:12:39.844+0800 E QUERY    [js] Error: listCollections failed: {
    "ok" : 0,
    "errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
    "code" : 13435,
    "codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk"
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:25:13
DB.prototype._getCollectionInfosCommand@src/mongo/shell/db.js:943:1
DB.prototype.getCollectionInfos@src/mongo/shell/db.js:993:20
DB.prototype.getCollectionNames@src/mongo/shell/db.js:1031:16
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:869:9
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:766:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
rs1:ARBITER> rs.slaveOk()
rs1:ARBITER> show collections
rs1:ARBITER> 
arbiter并没有进行数据同步，因为仲裁节点只参与投票，不接收数据！

    复制集工作原理

    复制集通过local库下的oplog.rs集合进行数据同步

    测试MongoDB复制集自动故障转移功能

    MongoDB复制集搭建完成后，相当于具备了备份的功能，上文已展示
下面我们主要测试一下MongoDB的另一大功能，自动故障转移的功能
测试时，先测试kill掉从节点，OK后，再测试kill掉主节点

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

## MongoDB的primary节点宕机
通过kill primary节点进行测试

### 查看集群状态，所有节点运行正常
node1操作
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "rs1",
    "date" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:37.523Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(1),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        }
    },
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1552034299, 1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "node1:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 4500,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:29Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1552030156, 2),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T07:29:16Z"),
            "configVersion" : 3,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "node2:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 3744,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:29Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:29Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:36.447Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:37.485Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(1),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "node1:27017",
            "syncSourceHost" : "node1:27017",
            "syncSourceId" : 1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        },
        {
            "_id" : 3,
            "name" : "node3:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 3660,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:36.445Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:38:36.445Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(1),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552034309, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

### kill掉主节点
[root@node1 ~]# ps -ef|grep mongo
root       1503      1  1 15:23 ?        00:01:02 /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf
root       4085   1284  0 15:54 pts/0    00:00:00 mongo
root       4239   4221  0 16:40 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongo
[root@node1 ~]# kill -9 1503  ## 生产中不要这样操作，详情请看最下方
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux|grep mongo
root       4085  0.0  1.4 786668 26140 pts/0    Sl+  15:54   0:00 mongo
root       4243  0.0  0.0 112708   968 pts/1    S+   16:42   0:00 grep --color=auto mongo

### 再次检查集群运行状态
node2操作
rs1:SECONDARY> 
rs1:PRIMARY>
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()  ## node2的shell没有关闭，当node1宕机，此时从节点自动切换为主节点
{
    "set" : "rs1",
    "date" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:45:37.005Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(2),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034509, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034509, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034730, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552034730, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        }
    },
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1552034509, 1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "node1:27017",
            "health" : 0,
            "state" : 8,  ## 主节点宕机
            "stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)",
            "uptime" : 0,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
                "t" : NumberLong(-1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
                "t" : NumberLong(-1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:45:35.958Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:41:56.704Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "Error connecting to node1:27017 (192.168.25.11:27017) :: caused by :: Connection refused",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : -1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "node2:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",  ## 原secondary节点已经变为主节点
            "uptime" : 4896,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552034730, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:45:30Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1552034529, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:42:09Z"),
            "configVersion" : 3,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 3,
            "name" : "node3:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 4080,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:45:35.485Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:45:36.980Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552034730, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552034730, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

## 新主节点插入测试数据，一切操作正常
node2操作
rs1:PRIMARY> db
testdb
rs1:PRIMARY> show collections
students
rs1:PRIMARY> db.scores.insert({stuid:1,subobject:"math",score:99})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs1:PRIMARY> db.scores.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c822de50c4a1756741ee9f4"), "stuid" : 1, "subobject" : "math", "score" : 99 }
rs1:PRIMARY> 

### 重新启动原主节点，查看集群状态
node1操作
[root@node1 ~]# nohup /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf > mongodlog 2>&1 &
[1] 4275
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux|grep mongo
root       4085  0.0  1.4 786668 26140 pts/0    Sl+  15:54   0:00 mongo
root       4277 39.2  3.8 1392028 72024 ?       Sl   16:58   0:01 /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf
root       4362  0.0  0.0 112708   968 pts/1    S+   16:58   0:00 grep --color=auto mongo

node2查看
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "rs1",
    "date" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:54.163Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(2),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        }
    },
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1552035542, 1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "node1:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",    ## 原主节点已经变为从节点
            "uptime" : 97,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:50Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:50Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:52.821Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:52.978Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "node2:27017",
            "syncSourceHost" : "node2:27017",
            "syncSourceId" : 2,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "node2:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 5753,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:50Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1552034529, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:42:09Z"),
            "configVersion" : 3,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 3,
            "name" : "node3:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 4937,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:52.609Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:59:54.090Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552035590, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

### 在node1上查看node2刚才插入的测试数据信息
此时node1已经为从节点了，shell没关闭，自动会切换
rs1:PRIMARY> 
2019-03-08T16:59:28.412+0800 I NETWORK  [js] trying reconnect to 127.0.0.1:27017 failed
2019-03-08T16:59:28.413+0800 I NETWORK  [js] reconnect 127.0.0.1:27017 ok
rs1:SECONDARY> 
rs1:SECONDARY> db
testdb
rs1:SECONDARY> show collections
2019-03-08T17:03:02.207+0800 E QUERY    [js] Error: listCollections failed: {
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552035780, 1),
    "ok" : 0,
    "errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
    "code" : 13435,
    "codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk",
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552035780, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:25:13
DB.prototype._getCollectionInfosCommand@src/mongo/shell/db.js:943:1
DB.prototype.getCollectionInfos@src/mongo/shell/db.js:993:20
DB.prototype.getCollectionNames@src/mongo/shell/db.js:1031:16
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:869:9
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:766:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
rs1:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
rs1:SECONDARY> show collections
scores
students
rs1:SECONDARY> db.scores.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c822de50c4a1756741ee9f4"), "stuid" : 1, "subobject" : "math", "score" : 99 }
集群运转正常，数据已经正常同步过来！

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

## MongoDB的second节点宕机
通过kill second节点进行测试，此时从节点是node1
### 查看集群状态，所有节点运行正常
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "rs1",
    "date" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:08:00.829Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(2),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        }
    },
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1552036030, 1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "node1:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 584,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:07:50Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:07:50Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:07:59.417Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:07:59.642Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "node2:27017",
            "syncSourceHost" : "node2:27017",
            "syncSourceId" : 2,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "node2:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 6239,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:07:50Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1552034529, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:42:09Z"),
            "configVersion" : 3,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 3,
            "name" : "node3:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 5423,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:07:59.227Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:08:00.730Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552036070, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

### kill second节点进程
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux|grep mongo
root       4085  0.0  1.4 786668 26668 pts/0    Sl+  15:54   0:00 mongo
root       4277  1.7  5.5 1403308 104272 ?      Sl   16:58   0:12 /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf
root       4410  0.0  0.0 112708   968 pts/1    S+   17:09   0:00 grep --color=auto mongo
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@node1 ~]# kill -9 4277
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux|grep mongo
root       4085  0.0  1.4 786668 26668 pts/0    Sl+  15:54   0:00 mongo
root       4425  0.0  0.0 112708   964 pts/1    S+   17:13   0:00 grep --color=auto mongo

### node2上再次查看节点状态，发现second节点已经宕机
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "rs1",
    "date" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:16:00.469Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(2),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036430, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036430, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036550, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1552036550, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(2)
        }
    },
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1552036430, 1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "node1:27017",
            "health" : 0,
            "state" : 8,  ## second节点宕机
            "stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)",
            "uptime" : 0,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
                "t" : NumberLong(-1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
                "t" : NumberLong(-1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:16:00.428Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:13:54.171Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "Error connecting to node1:27017 (192.168.25.11:27017) :: caused by :: Connection refused",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : -1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "node2:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 6719,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1552036550, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(2)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:15:50Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1552034529, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-08T08:42:09Z"),
            "configVersion" : 3,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 3,
            "name" : "node3:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 5903,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:15:59.886Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-08T09:15:59.412Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 3
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1552036550, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552036550, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

### 主节点（node2）向测试表插入一条记录，一切操作正常
rs1:PRIMARY> db.scores.insert({stuid:2,subobject:"math",score:88})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs1:PRIMARY> db.scores.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c822de50c4a1756741ee9f4"), "stuid" : 1, "subobject" : "math", "score" : 99 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8233950c4a1756741ee9f5"), "stuid" : 2, "subobject" : "math", "score" : 88 }

### 再次启动从节点，检查上一步的node2主节点操作插入的数据是否同步，发现数据正常同步到从节点node1
node1上启动mongodb进程
[root@node1 ~]# nohup /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf > mongodlog 2>&1 &
[1] 4447
[root@node1 ~]# ps aux|grep mongo
root       4085  0.0  1.4 786668 26668 pts/0    Sl+  15:54   0:00 mongo
root       4449 25.6  3.1 1374996 59604 ?       Sl   17:21   0:00 /fgq/base-env/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /fgq/data/mongodb/mongodb.conf
root       4534  0.0  0.0 112708   968 pts/1    S+   17:21   0:00 grep --color=auto mongo
[root@node1 ~]# mongo
rs1:SECONDARY> use testdb
switched to db testdb
rs1:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
rs1:SECONDARY> show collections
scores
students
rs1:SECONDARY> db.scores.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c822de50c4a1756741ee9f4"), "stuid" : 1, "subobject" : "math", "score" : 99 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8233950c4a1756741ee9f5"), "stuid" : 2, "subobject" : "math", "score" : 88 }

    mongod进程收到SIGINT信号或者SIGTERM信号，会做一些处理
> 关闭所有打开的连接
> 将内存数据强制刷新到磁盘
> 当前的操作执行完毕
> 安全停止
切忌kill -9
数据库直接关闭，数据丢失，数据文件损失，修复数据库（成本高，有风险）

使用kill命令关闭进程
$ kill -2 PID
　　原理：-2表示向mongod进程发送SIGINT信号
或
$ kill -4 PID
　　原理：-4表示向mognod进程发送SIGTERM信号

参考文章：http://www.cnblogs.com/clsn/p/8214194.html#_label3

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