shift

作者: dryad_f4f8 | 来源:发表于2018-11-06 21:30 被阅读0次

    1. 认识这个词(基础篇)   

    词:shift

    英英释义:a change in something, for example in someone's ideas or opinions

    例句:There has been a marked shift in attitudes towards how to ask questions in the Phenomenal English community.   

    2. 体会这个词 (进阶篇) 

    前面我们学过“shift”作动词表示观点、态度、聚焦点等变化的用法,“shift”做名词也很常见,也可以表示同样的意思。了解它不同词性的用法,可以增强我们表达的多样性。   

    比如,之前的一个例句是:   

    最近几年大众对同性恋的态度已经有所改变了。Attitudes to homosexuality have shifted in recent years.   

    把这里的“shift'改成名词,就可以改写成:   

    Recent years have seen a shift in attitudes to homosexuality.   

    注意这个句子中“shift”后面搭配的介词是“in”。除了“a shift in attitude”外,常用的搭配还有:   

    a shift in public opinion/perspective;a shift in emphasis/mood/tone;a shift in direction/focus/policy/strategy

    比如,经济低迷的时候人们的消费观就会变化,可以这么表达:   

    With the gloomy economy comes a shift in personal financial focus: people are more careful about spending and tend to spend primarily on truly necessary items.(这句话中使用了倒装句式,把 comes 提前了,正常语序应该是:A shift comes in personal financial focus with the gloomy economy。)   

    《经济学人》一篇关于谷歌商业模式的文章中,有几句话正好同时用到了“shift”作名词和动词的用法: 

    Alphabet has confronted worrisome transitions before, such as the shift from desktop PCs to mobile. Its ad business is still booming, because it devised a way to deliver ads on small screens. It is possible that Google’s ad model could in future shift to taking a fee for each transaction it facilitates.   

    这句话的意思是:“Alphabet 已经经历过一些令人担忧的过渡,比如从个人台式电脑到移动设备的转变。它的广告业务还很繁荣,因为它设计了一种方法,可以将广告投到很小的屏幕上。在未来谷歌的广告模式很可能转向对自己促成的每一笔交易都收费。”   

    大家在阅读中要有“温故而知新”的意识,注意一个词的不同词性,以及各自的使用特点。这样在自己写作的时候,就可以写出更灵活、地道的句子。   

    3. 从认识到会用(作业) 

    1)复习 “shift”(可点击单词直接跳转)作动词的用法。

    2)使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“shift”,了解它作名词的常用搭配。

    3)翻译下面的句子:   

    中国经济正在经历从劳动密集型向智力密集型的转变。   

    (参考翻译:China is experiencing a shift from a labor-intensive economy to a knowledge-intensive economy. 或 The Chinese economy is undergoing a shift from brawn to brain.)   

    4)结合自己的生活、学习、工作、兴趣等,想象在什么语境下会用到这个表达。先简要描述这个场景,再造句。   

    例子: 

    场景 :  College students have undergone a subtle shift in their learning methodology.

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