Python爬虫简单的添加代理进行访问！

作者: 14e61d025165 | 来源:发表于2019-04-04 14:43 被阅读0次

Python爬虫简单的添加代理进行访问的实现代码
Python爬虫简单的添加代理进行访问！
python爬虫简单的添加代理进行访问
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在使用python对网页进行多次快速爬取的时候,访问次数过于频繁,服务器不会考虑User-Agent的信息,会直接把你视为爬虫,从而过滤掉,拒绝你的访问,在这种时候就需要设置代理,我们可以给proxies属性设置一个代理的IP地址,代码如下:
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<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1 import requests
2 from lxml import etree
3 url = "https://www.ip.cn"
4 headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36 OPR/57.0.3098.116", }
5 pro = {
6 # 'https': 'https://118.122.92.252:37901', #四川省成都市电信
7 'https': 'https://27.17.45.90:43411', #湖北省武汉市电信
8 }
9 try:
10 response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=pro)
11 html_str = response.content.decode()
12 # print(html_str)
13 html = etree.HTML(html_str)
14 message = html.xpath("//div[@class='well']//p/text()")
15 ip = html.xpath("//div[@class='well']//p/code/text()")
16 eng = html.xpath("//div[@class='well']/p/text()")
17 print(message[0]+ip[0])
18 print(message[1]+ip[1])
19 print(eng[2])
20 except requests.exceptions.ProxyError as e:
21 print("当前代理异常")
22 except:
23 print("当前请求异常")
</pre>

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在上面的代码中,调用requests库,对一个IP地址查询网页进行访问,随后使用lxml库的xpath对网页进行分析提取,返回用户访问此网页时自己的IP地址,如果代理设置成功,则会返回你的信息和IP地址,如下:

<tt-image data-tteditor-tag="tteditorTag" contenteditable="false" class="syl1554360197478" data-render-status="finished" data-syl-blot="image" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: text; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: pre-wrap; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: block;">

image

image

如果代理失败则会返回异常,在代码中使用了捕获异常,则会返回设置的提示信息,"当前代理异常",如果不是代理的错误则是"当前请求异常"

<tt-image data-tteditor-tag="tteditorTag" contenteditable="false" class="syl1554360197481" data-render-status="finished" data-syl-blot="image" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: text; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: pre-wrap; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: block;">