最全安装kubernetes-dashboard[由于版本原因，

作者: 无处安放的躁动 | 来源:发表于2019-10-24 11:10 被阅读0次

最全安装kubernetes-dashboard[由于版本原因，
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前提

已安装K8S环境

安装kubernetes-dashboard流程

下载文件

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

修改配置文件

配置文件修改前后对比

1.由于本地无法连接到国外镜像站点

imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

2.会自动安装kubernetes-dashboard到随机节点，所以我们需要指定节点

      nodeSelector:                                                                                                                           
          type: master

3.安装完成后，需要外网访问，所以需要暴露端口

  spec:
    type: NodePort
    ports:
      - port: 443
        targetPort: 8443
        nodePort: 30001

[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl -n kube-system get service kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                   TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort   10.111.89.26   <none>        443:30001/TCP   36m

查看端口，地址

启动配置

# 移除
kubectl delete -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# 添加
kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

浏览器查看

chrome 浏览器无法打开、firefox可以

现象

由于默认用户会出现权限不足的问题，不采用默认用户

默认用户现象

[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl get secret 
NAME                  TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
default-token-pgq9d   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      5d
[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl describe secrets/default-token-pgq9d
# 得到token，网页登录

出现问题

出现问题
创建用户

vim create-admin-user.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kube-system

kubectl create -f binding-admin-user.yml

绑定用户

vim binding-admin-user.yml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kube-system

kubectl create -f binding-admin-user.yml

获取token

[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name:         admin-user-token-hqdbm
Namespace:    kube-system
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: d18cfc30-0fd2-4144-8693-f05cc43aad15

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  11 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Im16dlV5UE1DYXBlTXB1QTZBQ1I1emlEbVhMb3B5bDNJWHZDdDVwZFlUSFkifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyLXRva2VuLWhxZGJtIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJkMThjZmMzMC0wZmQyLTQxNDQtODY5My1mMDVjYzQzYWFkMTUiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.GauI0wcqns6im2-_c4krFdMZF3HjUVQGFITKcO63oOygPWe9UZyVmItG2oMHKsHNNnLPfFeLrBuKW9xf3IMYzI9STQug-RSyTue0agQAFAu3B_KZ0y4CdiMR5sPu-q8qzv64AePgvNtCU8s5vKUbPeeViGTNCukNe4rEKQx3V90d3NG2o5hbClQmfJc0ve64o0Nj2NN3pu113YrJ62tQq-XueqNSanCyGnNLFVbqqoqL4gT5qBEFyPsn8xq2RkwkFfkLJUR59a5dZTZyEwK_3QClYzqhBaUvBMYcVbpidfbfN2ydrnDKgzK2Y1MEjMQswaT6zOn1i-0FX99ZAZC9qw
[root@k8smaster dashboard]# vim create-admin-user.yml 
[root@k8smaster dashboard]# vim binding-admin-user.yml

过程截图

过程截图

输入token

熟悉命令

查看运行在哪一个节点上

# 查看运行在哪一个节点上
kubectl --namespace=kube-system describe pod NAME

用上面命令查出部署在node1节点，node1节点没有本地镜像导致没有安装成功

查看kubernetes-dashboard内网地址、端口

[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl -n kube-system get service kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                   TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort   10.111.89.26   <none>        443:30001/TCP   45m

运行情况

[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl --namespace=kube-system get deployment kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   1/1     1            1           45m

查看所有

[root@k8smaster dashboard]# kubectl get pod --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-58cc8c89f4-48ddc                1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   coredns-58cc8c89f4-kqg2z                1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   etcd-k8smaster                          1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8smaster                1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8smaster       1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   kube-flannel-ds-amd64-57mf5             1/1     Running   0          4d22h
kube-system   kube-flannel-ds-amd64-kjhmx             1/1     Running   0          4d22h
kube-system   kube-flannel-ds-amd64-sqkb4             1/1     Running   0          4d22h
kube-system   kube-proxy-868zg                        1/1     Running   0          4d22h
kube-system   kube-proxy-gtl7v                        1/1     Running   0          4d22h
kube-system   kube-proxy-m6n8t                        1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8smaster                1/1     Running   0          4d23h
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-5445c79c54-c8tck   1/1     Running   0          46m

获取登录token

kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk ‘{print $1}‘)

遇到问题

使用google无法打开，使用firefox可以

现象

image.png

无法启动

现象

image.png
解决办法
- 分析由于无法下载到kubernetes-dashboard镜像所以kubernetes-dashboard出现状态为CrashLoopBackOff
  - 方法一：通过代理解决
  - 方法二：通过国内镜像源解决
  - 方法三：下载到本地解决
  - 方法四：下载到本地k8smaster节点后，其他节点k8snode1以及其他节点上并未下载，所以可以在所有节点上都下载，或者指定master节点部署。
下文采用方法四
- 修改配置kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

# 修改配置kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# 修改指定master节点部署
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      # 绑定master节点
      nodeSelector:
        type: master
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: lizhenliang/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        # 使用本地镜像
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

修改位置

重新安装

kubectl delete -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

完整配置文件

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      nodeSelector:
        type: master
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: lizhenliang/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        #image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          - --auto-generate-certificates
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          mountPath: /certs
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTPS
            path: /
            port: 8443
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        secret:
          secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

参考文献

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