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【剑指Offer 50】树中两个结点的最低公共祖先

【剑指Offer 50】树中两个结点的最低公共祖先

作者: 3e1094b2ef7b | 来源:发表于2017-07-24 07:20 被阅读41次

题目:求树中两个结点的最低公共祖先,此树不是二叉树,并且没有指向父节点的指针。

代码如下:

package demo;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 树中两个结点的最低公共祖先。 此树不是二叉树,并且没有指向父结点的指针。
 * 
 * @author xiangdonglee
 *
 */
public class Test50 {
    /**
     * 树的结点定义
     * 
     * @author xiangdonglee
     *
     */
    private static class TreeNode {
        int val;
        List<TreeNode> children = new LinkedList<>();

        public TreeNode() {
        }

        public TreeNode(int val) {
            this.val = val;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return val + "";
        }
    }

    /**
     * 找结点的路径
     * 
     * @param root
     *            根结点
     * @param target
     *            目标结点
     * @param path
     *            根结点到目标结点的路径
     */
    public static void getNodePath(TreeNode root, TreeNode target, List<TreeNode> path) {
        if (root == null) {
            return;
        }
        // 添加当前结点
        path.add(root);
        List<TreeNode> children = root.children;
        // 处理子结点
        for (TreeNode node : children) {
            if (node == target) {
                path.add(node);
                return;
            } else {
                getNodePath(node, target, path);
            }
        }
        // 现场还原
        path.remove(path.size() - 1);
    }

    /**
     * 找两个路径中的最后一个共同的结点
     * 
     * @param p1
     *            路径1
     * @param p2
     *            路径2
     * @return 共同的结点,没有返回null
     */
    public static TreeNode getLastCommonNode(List<TreeNode> p1, List<TreeNode> p2) {
        Iterator<TreeNode> it1 = p1.iterator();
        Iterator<TreeNode> it2 = p2.iterator();
        TreeNode last = null;
        while (it1.hasNext() && it2.hasNext()) {
            TreeNode tmp = it1.next();
            if (tmp == it2.next()) {
                last = tmp;
            }
        }
        return last;
    }

    /**
     * 找树中两个结点的最低公共祖先
     * 
     * @param root
     *            树的根结点
     * @param p1
     *            结点1
     * @param p2
     *            结点2
     * @return 公共结点,没有就返回null
     */
    public static TreeNode getLastCommonParent(TreeNode root, TreeNode p1, TreeNode p2) {
        if (root == null || p1 == null || p2 == null) {
            return null;
        }
        List<TreeNode> path1 = new LinkedList<>();
        getNodePath(root, p1, path1);
        List<TreeNode> path2 = new LinkedList<>();
        getNodePath(root, p2, path2);
        return getLastCommonNode(path1, path2);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        test1();
        System.out.println("===========");
        test2();
        System.out.println("===========");
        test3();
    }

    /**
     * 形状普通的树
     */
    private static void test1() {
        TreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);
        TreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);
        TreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);
        TreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);
        TreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);
        TreeNode n6 = new TreeNode(6);
        TreeNode n7 = new TreeNode(7);
        TreeNode n8 = new TreeNode(8);
        TreeNode n9 = new TreeNode(9);
        TreeNode n10 = new TreeNode(10);
        n1.children.add(n2);
        n1.children.add(n3);
        n2.children.add(n4);
        n3.children.add(n5);
        n4.children.add(n6);
        n4.children.add(n7);
        n5.children.add(n8);
        n5.children.add(n9);
        n5.children.add(n10);
        System.out.println(getLastCommonParent(n1, n6, n8));
    }

    /**
     * 树退化成一个链表
     */
    private static void test2() {
        TreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);
        TreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);
        TreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);
        TreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);
        TreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);
        n1.children.add(n2);
        n2.children.add(n3);
        n3.children.add(n4);
        n4.children.add(n5);
        System.out.println(getLastCommonParent(n1, n4, n5));
    }

    /**
     * 树退化成一个链表,一个结点不在树中
     */
    private static void test3() {
        TreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);
        TreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);
        TreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);
        TreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);
        TreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);
        TreeNode n6 = new TreeNode(6);
        n1.children.add(n2);
        n2.children.add(n3);
        n3.children.add(n4);
        n4.children.add(n5);
        System.out.println(getLastCommonParent(n1, n5, n6));
    }
}
运行结果 test1() test2() test3()

来源:http://blog.csdn.net/derrantcm/article/details/46811835

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