laravel队列

１　迁移需要的数据表

配置

修改.env文件,队列支持"sync", "database", "beanstalkd", "sqs", "redis", "null",这里采用数据库,其他处理方式也都一样。

# mysql数据库
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=test
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

# 队列驱动
QUEUE_DRIVER=database

执行

# 创建队列作业的表
php artisan queue:table
#　迁移数据
php artisan migrate

２　创建任务类

php artisan make:job SendEmail

生成文件app/Jobs/SendEmail.php

<?php

namespace App\Jobs;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;

class SendEmail implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

    /**
     * Create a new job instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Execute the job.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        //
    }
}

handle 方法为队列处理的具体逻辑,我们这里添加一行日志记录

<?php

namespace App\Jobs;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;

class SendEmail implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

    protected $email;
    /**
     * Create a new job instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct($email)
    {
        $this->email=$email;
    }

    /**
     * Execute the job.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        \Log::info("发送邮件到 -> ".$this->email);
    }
}

３　推送任务

Controller

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Jobs\SendEmail;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\DispatchesJobs;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controller as BaseController;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Validation\ValidatesRequests;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\Access\AuthorizesRequests;

class Controller extends BaseController
{
    use AuthorizesRequests, DispatchesJobs, ValidatesRequests;

    public function index(){
        dispatch(new SendEmail('xxxx@demo.com'));
        $this->dispatch(new SendEmail('yyyy@demo.com'));
    }
}

route

<?php

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Web Routes
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here is where you can register web routes for your application. These
| routes are loaded by the RouteServiceProvider within a group which
| contains the "web" middleware group. Now create something great!
|
*/

Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});

Route::get('/index','Controller@index');

推送

curl http://localhost:8084/index

查看jobs表

image.png

４　执行任务

$ php artisan queue:listen
[2019-03-15 04:39:24] Processing: App\Jobs\SendEmail
[2019-03-15 04:39:24] Processed:  App\Jobs\SendEmail
[2019-03-15 04:39:24] Processing: App\Jobs\SendEmail
[2019-03-15 04:39:24] Processed:  App\Jobs\SendEmail

查看jobs表,发现任务已经执行完成

image.png

指定最大尝试次数和超时时间

$ php artisan queue:listen --tries=3 --timeout=30``

也可以写到代码里

<?php

namespace App\Jobs;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;

class SendEmail implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

    /**
     * 任务最大尝试次数。
     *
     * @var int
     */
    public $tries = 3;

    /**
     * 任务运行的超时时间。
     *
     * @var int
     */
    public $timeout = 120;


    protected $email;
    /**
     * Create a new job instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct($email)
    {
        $this->email=$email;
    }

    /**
     * Execute the job.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        //throw  new \Exception("发生异常");
        /*
        \Mail::raw("队列测试",function ($message){
            $message->to($this->email);
        });
        */
        \Log::info("发送邮件到 -> ".$this->email);
    }
}

5 处理失败任务

有时候你队列中的任务会失败。不要担心，本来事情就不会一帆风顺。Laravel 内置了一个方便的方式来指定任务重试的最大次数。当任务超出这个重试次数后，它就会被插入到 failed_jobs 数据表里面。要创建 failed_jobs 表的迁移文件，你可以用 queue:failed-table 命令，接着使用 migrate Artisan 命令生成 failed_jobs 表

# 创建队列作业的表
php artisan queue:failed-table
# 迁移数据
php artisan migrate

查看所有失败任务 php artisan queue:failed

• ID 任务的 ID (任务 ID 可以被用在重试失败的任务上)
• Connection 连接
• Queue 队列
• Failed At 失败时间

image.png

6 失败任务重试

重试ID 为 24的失败任务,此时会将任务重新放入队列,生成新的ID

$ php artisan queue:retry 24
The failed job [24] has been pushed back onto the queue!

重试所有失败的任务使用 all 作为 ID：

 $ php artisan queue:retry all
The failed job [23] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [22] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [21] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [20] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [19] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [18] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [17] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [16] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [15] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [14] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [13] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [12] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [11] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [10] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [9] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [8] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [7] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [6] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [5] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [4] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [3] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [2] has been pushed back onto the queue!
The failed job [1] has been pushed back onto the queue!

6 失败任务删除

删除ID为74的任务

php artisan queue:forget 74

image.png

删除所有失败的任务
php artisan queue:flush

image.png

命令

queue:failed         列出所有失败的队列
queue:failed-table   创建失败队列数据表迁移
queue:flush          清除所有失败的队列作业
queue:forget         删除失败的队列作业
queue:listen        监听队列
queue:restart        重新启动队列工作进程
queue:retry         重试失败的队列
queue:table          创建队列数据库表迁移
queue:work           作为守护程序开始处理队列上的作业

queue:listen和queue:work 区别

• queue:work - 这是新的“守护进程”进程（不再需要该标志）。该框架将启动“一次” - 然后继续循环工作。这将无限期地继续下去。它使用较少的内存/ CPU，queue:listen因为框架在整个时间内保持不变。您还必须记住使用queue:restart强制队列来更新在修补期间推送的任何代码更改。
• queue:work --once - 这将激活框架，处理一个作业，然后关闭。适用于开发过程中的测试等
• queue:listen - 这将在每个周期启动框架，处理一个作业，然后完全关闭，然后再次启动框架等，并无限循环。这意味着在处理每个作业后释放所有内存/进程。如果你有内存泄漏queue:work- 尝试一下。