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Java Web #Maven创建Spring MVC 4项目且

Java Web #Maven创建Spring MVC 4项目且

作者: 欢乐的乐 | 来源:发表于2017-07-27 09:45 被阅读60次

第一天学习Spring MVC,网络上太多的Maven创建Spring MVC的教程了,每一个的方法或者版本都不一样,导致最后Hello World总是跑不通,这里就总结一下流程和经验。

步骤:

1. 在pom.xml引入需要的东西(公司项目使用的是Spring MVC4 于是这里整合的是4版本的)
2. 修改web.xml
3. 在WEB_INF下新建spring-context.xml
4. 在WEB_INF下新建spring-mvc.xml
5. 在WEB_INF下新建view文件夹,创建test.jsp
6. 在src/main/java下创建包com.test.controller,创建TestController.java

1、pon.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.potato</groupId>
  <artifactId>test-potato-web</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>test-potato-web Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <!-- 定义maven变量 -->
  <properties>
      <!-- spring -->
      <spring.version>4.0.0.RELEASE</spring.version>

      <!-- log -->
      <commons-logging.version>1.1.3</commons-logging.version>

      <!-- Servlet -->
      <servlet.version>3.0.1</servlet.version>
      <jsp-api.version>2.2</jsp-api.version>

      <!-- jstl -->
      <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
      <standard.version>1.1.2</standard.version>

      <!-- test -->
      <junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>

      <!-- jdk -->
      <jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
      <maven.compiler.plugin.version>2.3.2</maven.compiler.plugin.version>
  </properties>
  
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>




    <!-- Servlet -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>${servlet.version}</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- jstl -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        <version>${standard.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- test -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  
  <build>
      <plugins>
          <!-- define the project compile level -->
          <plugin>
              <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
              <configuration>
                  <source>${jdk.version}</source>
                  <target>${jdk.version}</target>
              </configuration>
          </plugin>
      </plugins>
      <finalName>test-potato-web</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

添加上这些代码后,右键项目-> Run AS -> Maven Install,下载相关的文件,例如Spring MVC等等。。。
有时候会下载失败是因为Maven仓库没有指定版本的文件,例如一开始我指定的Spring MVC的版本是4.2.5,用默认的地址就下载不到。

2、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <display-name>test-potato-web</display-name>
    
    <!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-context.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    
    <!-- Spring配置 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称,默认为WEB-INF目录下,名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,如spring-servlet.xml -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <!-- 中文过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

其实这里的每一句话都不是特别的懂,学了几天的java web一下子跳进Spring MVC,项目也不需要我搭建,于是就将就着这样搭建环境,能运行就好了,方便学习具体内容。
/WEB-INF/spring-context.xml/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml就代表指向WEB_INF目录下要创建这两个文件了。

3、/WEB-INF/spring-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd    
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">

    
    <!-- 注解注册 -->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 自己的包名,记得修改 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.test" />
    
</beans>

4、WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 自动扫描的包名,记得修改,也是自己的包名 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.controller" />

    <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" />
            <bean
                class="org.springframework.http.converter.ResourceHttpMessageConverter" />
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>



    <!-- 视图解释类,定义跳转的文件的前后缀 -->
    <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" 
        /> <property name="prefix" value="/views/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" 
        /> <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" /> </bean> -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <!-- 下面/WEB-INF/view/  于是下一步就是创建view文件夹了 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>


    <!-- 拦截器 -->
    <!-- <mvc:interceptors> <bean class="com.fpx.ce.foundation.preference.PreferenceChangeInterceptor" 
        /> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/page/home"/> <bean class="com.fpx.ce.foundation.user.UserInterceptor" 
        /> </mvc:interceptor> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/service/**" /> 
        <bean class="com.fpx.ce.foundation.log.LogHandlerInterceptor" /> </mvc:interceptor> 
        <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/test/**" /> <mvc:mapping path="/service/**" 
        /> <bean class="com.lemon.finder.web.SharedRenderVariableInterceptor" /> 
        </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> -->


    <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 方案一 (二选一) -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 方案二 (二选一) -->
    <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" cache-period="31556926"/> 
        <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" cache-period="31556926"/> 
        <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" cache-period="31556926"/> -->
</beans>

5、创建view文件夹

在WEB-INF目录下创建view文件夹
在view文件夹中创建test.jsp用于测试配置是否完成。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello World!!!
</body>
</html>

6、创建TestController.java

在src/main/java下创建com.test.controller包

package com.test.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/testController")
public class TestController {
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/getView")
    public String getTest(){
        return "test";//test就是jsp的名称
    }

}

最后部署运行,路径改成http://localhost/项目名/testController/getView
就可以看到Hello World了。
如果还是不能运行可以留言,新手配置这个真的觉得挺麻烦的。(╯‵□′)╯︵┻━┻


好好学习,天天向上。<( ̄oo, ̄)/


Potato_zero.jpg

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