今天的轮船和一百年前相比，在很多方面都没多大区别。随着全球变暖不断加深，节能减排的压力越来越大。在未来的二三十年里，轮船也将迎来巨变。
What will ships look like in 30 years?
by Fred Pearce
International shipping accounts for more than 2% of global carbon dioxide emissions, roughly the same as aircrafts. After a commitment last month to cut greenhouse gas emissions from shipping by at least 50% by 2050, the race is on to find new technologies that can green the 50,000-strong global shipping fleet.
ship /ʃɪp/ v. 用船运输
account for 占
global /ˈɡləʊb(ə)l/ adj. 全球的、全世界的
carbon /ˈkɑːb(ə)n/ dioxide /daɪˈɒksaɪd/ 二氧化碳
emission /ɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 排放
roughly /ˈrʌfli/ adv. 大约
aircraft /ˈeəkrɑːft/ n. 飞机、飞行器
commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/ n. 承诺、保证
cut /kʌt/ v. 削减
greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n. 温室（由green和house组成）
gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体
green /ɡriːn/ v. 使变绿、使环保
strong /strɒŋ/ adj. 多达…的（用于数字之后）
fleet /fliːt/ n. 舰队、船队
The good news is that easy-to-do low-tech solutions can deliver a lot. Maersk, the world's largest container shipping line, has already discovered it can cut fuel use 30% simply by steaming more slowly.
deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ v. 交付、兑现
container /kənˈteɪnə(r)/ n. 集装箱
line /laɪn/ n. 运输公司
simply /ˈsɪmpli/ adv. 仅仅
steam /stiːm/ v. 用蒸汽推动
More slender ship designs alone could cut fuel use – and hence emissions – by 10-15% at slow speeds and up to 25% at high speeds, says the International Transport Forum.
slender /ˈslendə(r)/ adj. 苗条的、纤细的
hence /hens/ adv. 因此
transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/ n./v. 运输
forum /ˈfɔːrəm/ n. 论坛
Putting together better designs and better fuel will create entirely new kinds of ships in future. And the blueprints are already being drawn up.
entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ adv. 完全地（由entire加后缀-ly变成副词）
blueprint /ˈbluːprɪnt/ n. 蓝图、设计图
draw up 起草
The Aquarius Ecoship, a cargo ship devised by a Japanese company called Eco Marine Power, is driven by a phalanx（方阵） of rigid sails and solar panels. The same system could power oil tankers, cruise ships and much else. It would not, the designers admit, entirely eliminate the need for conventional fuel: Even with large batteries to store the solar and wind energy, back-up would be needed. But it could cut emissions by 40 percent.
cargo /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/ n. 货物
devise /dɪˈvaɪz/ v. 发明
drive /draɪv/ v. 推动
rigid /ˈrɪdʒɪd/ adj. 僵硬的、很难弯曲的
sail /seɪl/ n. 帆
solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj. 太阳的、太阳能的
panel /ˈpæn(ə)l/ n. 平板、面板
power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ v. 提供动力、推进
oil tanker /ˈtæŋkə(r)/ 油轮
cruise /kruːz/ n. 乘船巡游
eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/ v. 消除、去掉
conventional /kənˈvenʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj. 传统的、常规的（由convention加后缀-al变成形容词）
store /stɔː(r)/ v. 存储、储存
back-up 备用品
Going one better, the Japanese shipping line NYK boasts that its design for a 350m-long container ship, the Super Eco Ship 2030, would use LNG（液化天然气） to make hydrogen to run fuel cells. Backed up by solar panels covering the entire ship and 4,000 square metres of sails to catch the wind, the combination could cut emissions by 70%.
go one better 更胜一筹
boast /bəʊst/ v. 夸耀
hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ n. 氢
cell /sel/ n. 电池（fuel cell就是燃料电池）
back up 提供支持
entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. 整个的、完整的
square metre 平方米
combination /ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 组合（由combine加后缀-ation变成名词）
For a completely zero-carbon option, engineers at Wallenius Wilhelmsen, a Scandinavian shipping line, offer the E/S Orcelle, a lightweight cargo ship designed to transport up to 10,000 cars on eight decks. It would be powered by electricity, half coming directly from wind, solar and wave energy, and the other half from converting some of that energy into hydrogen to power fuel cells. The company says the ship could be afloat by 2025.
carbon /ˈkɑːb(ə)n/ n. 碳（zero-carbon就是碳排放为零的）
Scandinavian /ˌskændɪˈneɪviən/ adj. 斯堪地纳维亚的（指丹麦、挪威、瑞典三个国家）
lightweight /ˈlaɪtweɪt/ adj. 重量轻的（由light和weight组成）
deck /dek/ n. 甲板
convert /kənˈvɜːt/ v. 转变、转化
afloat /əˈfləʊt/ adj. 漂在水上的（这里指投入使用）
Today's ships are in many respects almost indistinguishable from those of a century ago. But the International Maritime Organisation's decision to finally get with the global climate agenda has fired the starting gun on the race to create a new standard for low-carbon shipping that should be the norm just a few decades from now.
respect /rɪˈspekt/ n. 方面
indistinguishable /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəb(ə)l/ adj. 无法分辨的（由distinguish加后缀-able变成形容词distinguishable，再加上表示否定的前缀in-）
maritime /ˈmærɪtaɪm/ adj. 海事的
get with 接受（新想法）
agenda /əˈdʒendə/ n. 议程
fire /ˈfaɪə(r)/ v. 开火（fire the starting gun就是打响发令枪）
standard /ˈstændəd/ n. 标准
norm /nɔːm/ n. 常态
decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年
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