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UIAppearance使用(转)

UIAppearance使用(转)

作者: SpursGo | 来源:发表于2017-03-29 14:53 被阅读12次

    iOS5及其以后提供了一个比较强大的工具UIAppearance,我们通过UIAppearance设置一些UI的全局效果,这样就可以很方便的实现UI的自定义效果又能最简单的实现统一界面风格,它提供如下两个方法。

    + (id)appearance
    这个方法是统一全部改,比如你设置UINavBar的tintColor,你可以这样写:[[UINavigationBarappearance] setTintColor:myColor];
    
    + (id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:(Class<>)ContainerClass,...
    这个方法可设置某个类的改变:例如:设置UIBarButtonItem在UINavigationBar、UIPopoverController、UITabbar中的效果。就可以这样写
    [[UIBarButtonItemappearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class],[UIPopoverController class],[UITabbar class] nil]setTintColor:myPopoverNavBarColor];
    

    warning:请注意*使用appearance设置UI效果最好采用全局的设置,在所有界面初始化前开始设置,否则可能失效。

    修改导航栏背景:

    UINavigationBar * appearance = [UINavigationBarappearance];
    UIImage *navBackgroundImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBg.png”];
    [appearancesetBackgroundImage:navBackgroundImg forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    

    标签栏(UITabBar)

    UITabBar *appearance = [UITabBar appearance];
       //设置背景图片
       [appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"tabbar_bg.png"]];
       //门置选择item的背景图片
       UIImage *selectionIndicatorImage =[[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_slider"]resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(4,0, 0,0)] ;
        [appearancesetSelectionIndicatorImage:selectionIndicatorImage];
    

    分段控件

    UISegmentedControl *appearance = [UISegmentedControlappearance];
      
      //Segmenteg正常背景
      [appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"Segmente.png"]
                      forState:UIControlStateNormal
                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
      
      //Segmente选中背景
      [appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"Segmente_a.png"]
                      forState:UIControlStateSelected
                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
      
      //Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线
      //BarMetrics表示navigationbar的状态,UIBarMetricsDefault表示portrait状态(44pixelheight),UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone表示landscape状态(32pixelheight)
      
      [appearancesetDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
             rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
                   barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
      
      [appearancesetDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
             rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
                   barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
      
      [appearancesetDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
             rightSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
                   barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
      
       //字体
      NSDictionary *textAttributes1 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
                               UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor blueColor],
                               UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor whiteColor],
                               UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset:[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
      
       [appearancesetTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes1forState:1];
      
      NSDictionary *textAttributes2 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
                               UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor whiteColor],
                               UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor blackColor],
                               UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset:[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
      
       [appearancesetTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes2forState:0];
    

    UIBarButton

    注意:UIBarbutton有leftBarButton,rightBarButton和backBarButton,其中backBarButton由于带有箭头,需要单独设置。
    
    barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的,而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的,这里要注意!
    
    代码如下:
    
       //修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem
       UIBarButtonItem *appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBarclass], nil];
    
       //设置导航栏的字体包括backBarButton和leftBarButton,rightBarButton的字体
       NSDictionary *textAttributes = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
                                UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor blueColor],
                                UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor whiteColor],
                                UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset:[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
       
        [appearancesetTitleTextAttributes:textAttributesforState:1];//forState为0时为下正常状态,为1时为点击状态。
    
       
       //修改leftBarButton,rightBarButton背景效果
       [appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"navBarButton.png"]
                       forState:UIControlStateNormal
                          style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
                      barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
       
       [appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"navBarButton_a.png"]
                       forState:UIControlStateHighlighted
                          style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
                      barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
       
       //backBarButton需要单独设置背景效果。只能在ios6.0以后才能用
       [appearancesetBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"nav_bg.png"]
                                forState:0
                              barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
       
       [appearancesetBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"work.png"]
                                forState:1
                              barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
       
       [appearancesetBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(2,-1)
                                  forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    

    工具栏

    UIToolbar *appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];
       //样式和背景二选一即可,看需求了
       //样式(黑色半透明,不透明等)设置
       [appearancesetBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];
       //背景设置
       [appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"toolbarBg.png"]
                forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny
                      barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    

    UIAppearance实现原理

    在通过UIAppearance调用“UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR”标记的方法来配置外观时,UIAppearance实际上没有进行任何实际调用,而是把这个调用保存起来(在Objc中可以用NSInvocation对象来保存一个调用)。当实际的对象显示之前(添加到窗口上,drawRect:之前),就会对这个对象调用之前保存的调用。当这个setter调用后,你的界面风格自定义就完成了。

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