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iOS 蓝牙 - CoreBluetooth

iOS 蓝牙 - CoreBluetooth

作者: 搬砖的crystal | 来源:发表于2022-02-21 15:16 被阅读0次

    一、简介

    1.蓝牙开发关键词
    • 中心设备:就是用来扫描周围蓝牙硬件的设备,比如通过你手机的蓝牙来扫描并连接智能手环,这时候你的手机就是中心设备。
    • 外设:被扫描的设备。比如当你用手机的蓝牙扫描连接智能手环的时候,智能手环就是外设。
    • 广播:就是外设不停的散播蓝牙信号,让中心设备可以扫描到。
    • 服务(services):外设广播和运行的时候会有服务,可以理解成一个功能模块,中心设备可以读取服务。外设可以有多个服务。
    • 特征(characteristic):在服务中的一个单位,一个服务可以有多个特征,特征会有一个value,一般读写的数据就是这个value。
    • UUID:区分不同的服务和特征,可以理解为服务和特征的身份证。我们可以用UUID来挑选需要的服务和特征。

    2.CoreBluetooth框架

    在 CoreBluetooth 中有两个主要的部分:Central 和 Peripheral。CBPeripheralManager 作为外围设备,CBCentralManager 作为中心设备。

    因为蓝牙只能支持16进制,而且每次传输只能20个字节,所以要把信息流转成双方可识别的16进制。

    二、中心设备 CBCentralManager

    CBCentralManager 是管理中心设备的管理类。

    //设置中心设备代理
    @property(assign, nonatomic, nullable) id<CBCentralManagerDelegate> delegate;
    //中心设备当前状态
    @property(readonly) CBCentralManagerState state;
    //中心设备是否正在扫描
    @property(readonly) BOOL isScanning NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 9_0);
    

    其中state是一个枚举,有关蓝牙是否可用的状态如下:

    typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, CBManagerState) {
        //状态未知
        CBManagerStateUnknown = 0,
        //连接断开 即将重置
        CBManagerStateResetting,
        //不支持蓝牙
        CBManagerStateUnsupported,
        //未授权蓝牙使用
        CBManagerStateUnauthorized,
        //蓝牙关闭
        CBManagerStatePoweredOff,
        //蓝牙正常开启
        CBManagerStatePoweredOn,
    } NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_13, 10_0);
    

    初始化方法:

    //设置的代理需要遵守CBCentralManagerDelegate协议
    //queue可以设置蓝牙扫描的线程 传入nil则为在主线程中进行
    - (instancetype)initWithDelegate:(nullable id<CBCentralManagerDelegate>)delegate queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue;
    
    //此方法同上 在options字典中用于进行一些管理中心的初始化属性设置
    /*
    NSString * const CBCentralManagerOptionShowPowerAlertKey 对应一个NSNumber类型的bool值,用于设置是否在关闭蓝牙时弹出用户提示
    NSString * const CBCentralManagerOptionRestoreIdentifierKey 对应一个NSString对象,设置管理中心的标识符ID
    */
    - (instancetype)initWithDelegate:(nullable id<CBCentralManagerDelegate>)delegate queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)options;
    

    扫描外设方法:

    //serviceUUIDs用于扫描一个特点ID的外设 options用于设置一些扫描属性 键值如下
    /*
    //是否允许重复扫描 对应NSNumber的bool值,默认为NO,会自动去重
    NSString *const CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey;
    //要扫描的设备UUID 数组 对应NSArray hovertree.com
    NSString *const CBCentralManagerScanOptionSolicitedServiceUUIDsKey;
    */
    - (void)scanForPeripheralsWithServices:(nullable NSArray<CBUUID *> *)serviceUUIDs options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)options;
    
    //停止扫描外设
    - (void)stopScan;
    

    连接方法:

    //扫描到外设后,通过下面方法可以连接一个外设:
    /*
    //options中可以设置一些连接设备的初始属性键值如下
    //对应NSNumber的bool值,设置当外设连接后是否弹出一个警告
    NSString *const CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnConnectionKey;
    //对应NSNumber的bool值,设置当外设断开连接后是否弹出一个警告
    NSString *const CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnDisconnectionKey;
    //对应NSNumber的bool值,设置当外设暂停连接后是否弹出一个警告 http://www.cnblogs.com/roucheng/
    NSString *const CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnNotificationKey;
    */
    - (void)connectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)options;
    
    //取消一个外设的连接
    - (void)cancelPeripheralConnection:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral;
    

    其他方法:

    //根据获取所有已知设备
    - (NSArray<CBPeripheral *> *)retrievePeripheralsWithIdentifiers:(NSArray<NSUUID *> *)identifiers;
    
    //根据服务id获取所有连接的设备
    - (NSArray<CBPeripheral *> *)retrieveConnectedPeripheralsWithServices:(NSArray<CBUUID *> *)serviceUUIDs;
    

    代理方法:

    //1.在初始化管理中心完成后,会回调代理中的如下方法,我们必须实现如下方法:
    //这个方法中可以获取到管理中心的状态
    - (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central;
    
    //2.扫描的结果会在如下代理方法中回掉:
    //peripheral 扫描到的外设
    //advertisementData是外设发送的广播数据
    //RSSI 是信号强度 http://www.cnblogs.com/roucheng/
    - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI;
    
    //3.调用过连接外设的方法后,会回掉如下代理方法:
    //连接外设成功
    - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral;
    //连接外设失败
    - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    //断开外设连接
    - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
    //4.当管理中心恢复时会调用如下代理:
    //dict中会传入如下键值对
    /*
      //恢复连接的外设数组
      NSString *const CBCentralManagerRestoredStatePeripheralsKey;
      //恢复连接的服务UUID数组
     NSString *const CBCentralManagerRestoredStateScanServicesKey;
      //恢复连接的外设扫描属性字典数组
     NSString *const CBCentralManagerRestoredStateScanOptionsKey;
    */
    - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central willRestoreState:(NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)dict;
    

    三、外设 CBPeripheralManager

    从上面我们知道,中心设备是用来扫描周围的外设,两台设备的通讯中,必须有一个充当中心设备,一个充当外设,外设是由 CBPeripheralManager 进行管理。

    //设置外设管理中心代理
    @property(assign, nonatomic, nullable) id<CBPeripheralManagerDelegate> delegate;
    
    //外设状态 枚举如中心设备
    @property(readonly) CBPeripheralManagerState state;
    
    //是否正在发送广播
    @property(readonly) BOOL isAdvertising;
    
    //用户的授权状态
    + (CBPeripheralManagerAuthorizationStatus)authorizationStatus;
    

    初始化方法:

      //初始化并设置代理 参数的具体含义与中心设备管理中心
    
     - (instancetype)initWithDelegate:(nullable id<CBPeripheralManagerDelegate>)delegate queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t);
    
     - (instancetype)initWithDelegate:(nullable id<CBPeripheralManagerDelegate>)delegate queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)options;
    

    发送广播:

     //advertisementData中可以发送的数据有约定 如下
     /*
     // 对应设置NSString类型的广播名
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataLocalNameKey;
     // 外设制造商的NSData数据
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataManufacturerDataKey;
     // 外设制造商的CBUUID数据
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataServiceDataKey;
     // 服务的UUID与其对应的服务数据字典数组
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataServiceUUIDsKey;
     // 附加服务的UUID数组
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataOverflowServiceUUIDsKey;
     // 外设的发送功率 NSNumber类型
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataTxPowerLevelKey;
     // 外设是否可以连接
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataIsConnectable;
     // 服务的UUID数组
     NSString *const CBAdvertisementDataSolicitedServiceUUIDsKey;
     */
     - (void)startAdvertising:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)advertisementData;
    
     //停止发送广播
     - (void)stopAdvertising;
    

    其他方法:

    //设置一个连接的具体central设备的延时 枚举如下:
     /*
     typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, CBPeripheralManagerConnectionLatency) {
         CBPeripheralManagerConnectionLatencyLow = 0,
         CBPeripheralManagerConnectionLatencyMedium,
         CBPeripheralManagerConnectionLatencyHigh
    
     } NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA, 6_0);
     */
     - (void)setDesiredConnectionLatency:(CBPeripheralManagerConnectionLatency)latency forCentral:(CBCentral *)central;
    
     //添加一个服务 http://www.cnblogs.com/roucheng/
     - (void)addService:(CBMutableService *)service;
    
     //移除一个服务
     - (void)removeService:(CBMutableService *)service;
    
     //移除所有服务
     - (void)removeAllServices;
    
     //响应中心设备的读写请求
     - (void)respondToRequest:(CBATTRequest *)request withResult:(CBATTError)result;
    
     //更新一个连接中心设备的订阅特征值
     - (BOOL)updateValue:(NSData *)value forCharacteristic:(CBMutableCharacteristic *)characteristic onSubscribedCentrals:(nullable NSArray<CBCentral *> *)centrals;
    

    代理方法:

      //这个方法是必须实现的 状态可用后可以发送广播
      - (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral;
    
      //连接回复时调用的方法 和centralManager类似
      - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral willRestoreState:(NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)dict;
    
      //开始发送广播时调用的方法
      - (void)peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertising:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
      //添加服务调用的回调
      - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didAddService:(CBService *)service error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
      //当一个central设备订阅一个特征值时调用的方法
     - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didSubscribeToCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic;
    
     //取消订阅一个特征值时调用的方法
     - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didUnsubscribeFromCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic;
    
     //收到读请求时触发的方法
    - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveReadRequest:(CBATTRequest *)request;
    
    //收到写请求时触发的方法
     - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveWriteRequests:(NSArray<CBATTRequest *> *)requests;
    
     //外设准备更新特征值时调用的方法
     - (void)peripheralManagerIsReadyToUpdateSubscribers:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral;
    

    四、中心设备与外设对象 CBCentralCBPeripheral

    上面介绍了中心设备管理类与外设管理类,这些类用于将设备连接建立起来,数据交换的服务和一些信息则是在对应的设备对象中。

    1.中心设备 CBCentral 属性与方法
    //中心设备最大接收的数据长度
    @property(readonly, nonatomic) NSUInteger maximumUpdateValueLength;
    
    2.外设 CAPeripheral 属性与方法

    外设对象要比中心对象复杂的多,当 centralManager 连接到外设后,需要通过外设对象的代理方法进行数据交互,其中主要方法属性如下:

    //设置代理
      @property(assign, nonatomic, nullable) id<CBPeripheralDelegate> delegate;
    
     //外设name
      @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSString *name;
    
      //信号强度
      @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSNumber *RSSI NS_DEPRECATED(NA, NA, 5_0, 8_0);
    
      //外设状态
      /*
      typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, CBPeripheralState) {
         CBPeripheralStateDisconnected = 0,//未连接
         CBPeripheralStateConnecting,//正在链接
        CBPeripheralStateConnected,//已经连接 
        CBPeripheralStateDisconnecting NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 9_0),//正在断开连接
     } NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 7_0);
    */
    @property(readonly) CBPeripheralState state;
    
    //所有的服务数组
     @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSArray<CBService *> *services;
    
     //获取当前信号强度
     - (void)readRSSI;
    
     //根据服务UUID寻找服务对象
     - (void)discoverServices:(nullable NSArray<CBUUID *> *)serviceUUIDs;
    
     //在服务对象UUID数组中寻找特定服务
     - (void)discoverIncludedServices:(nullable NSArray<CBUUID *> *)includedServiceUUIDs forService:(CBService *)service;
    
     //在一个服务中寻找特征值
     - (void)discoverCharacteristics:(nullable NSArray<CBUUID *> *)characteristicUUIDs forService:(CBService *)service;
    
     //从一个特征中读取数据
     - (void)readValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic;
    
     //写数据的最大长度
     //type枚举如下
     /*
     typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, CBCharacteristicWriteType) {
         CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse = 0,//写数据并且接收成功与否回执
         CBCharacteristicWriteWithoutResponse,//写数据不接收回执
     };
     */
     - (NSUInteger)maximumWriteValueLengthForType:(CBCharacteristicWriteType)type NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 9_0);
    
     //向某个特征中写数据
     - (void)writeValue:(NSData *)data forCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic type:(CBCharacteristicWriteType)type;
    
     //为制定的特征值设置监听通知
     - (void)setNotifyValue:(BOOL)enabled forCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic;
    
     //寻找特征值的描述
     - (void)discoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic;
    
     //读取特征的描述值
     - (void)readValueForDescriptor:(CBDescriptor *)descriptor;
    
     //写特征的描述值
     - (void)writeValue:(NSData *)data forDescriptor:(CBDescriptor *)descriptor;
    
    **外设的代理方法如下:**
    
      //外设名称更改时回调的方法
      - (void)peripheralDidUpdateName:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 6_0);
    
      //外设服务变化时回调的方法
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didModifyServices:(NSArray<CBService *> *)invalidatedServices NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 7_0);
    
     //信号强度改变时调用的方法
      - (void)peripheralDidUpdateRSSI:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(nullable NSError *)error NS_DEPRECATED(NA, NA, 5_0, 8_0);
    
      //读取信号强度回调的方法 柯乐义 keleyi.com
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didReadRSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI error:(nullable NSError *)error NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 8_0);
    
      //发现服务时调用的方法
     - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
     //在服务中发现子服务回调的方法
     - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverIncludedServicesForService:(CBService *)service error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
     //发现服务的特征值后回调的方法
     - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
     //特征值更新时回调的方法
     - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
     //向特征值写数据时回调的方法
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
      //特征值的通知设置改变时触发的方法
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
      //发现特征值的描述信息触发的方法
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
      //特征的描述值更新时触发的方法
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForDescriptor:(CBDescriptor *)descriptor error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    
    //写描述信息时触发的方法
      - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForDescriptor:(CBDescriptor *)descriptor error:(nullable NSError *)error;
    

    五、服务对象 CBService

    服务对象是用来管理外设提供的一些数据服务的,其中属性如下:

    //对应的外设
    @property(assign, readonly, nonatomic) CBPeripheral *peripheral;
    
    //是否是初等服务
    @property(readonly, nonatomic) BOOL isPrimary;
    
    //包含的自服务
    @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSArray<CBService *> *includedServices;
    
    //服务中的特征值
    @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSArray<CBCharacteristic *> *characteristics;
    

    六、服务的特征值 CBCharacteristic

    通过绑定服务中的特征值来进行数据的读写操作,其中属性如下:

    //对应的服务对象
    @property(assign, readonly, nonatomic) CBService *service;
    
    //特征值的属性 枚举如下
    /*
    typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, CBCharacteristicProperties) {
        CBCharacteristicPropertyBroadcast,//允许广播特征
        CBCharacteristicPropertyRead,//可读属性
        CBCharacteristicPropertyWriteWithoutResponse,//可写并且接收回执
        CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite,//可写属性
        CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify,//可通知属性
        CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicate,//可展现的特征值
        CBCharacteristicPropertyAuthenticatedSignedWrites,//允许签名的特征值写入
        CBCharacteristicPropertyExtendedProperties,
        CBCharacteristicPropertyNotifyEncryptionRequired,
        CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicateEncryptionRequired
    };
    */
    @property(readonly, nonatomic) CBCharacteristicProperties properties;
    
    //特征值的数据 
    @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSData *value;
    
    //特征值的描述
    @property(retain, readonly, nullable) NSArray<CBDescriptor *> *descriptors;
    
    //是否是当前广播的特征
    @property(readonly) BOOL isBroadcasted;
    
    //是否是正在通知的特征
    @property(readonly) BOOL isNotifying;
    

    七、读写请求对象 CBATTRequest

    服务对象是外设向中心设备提供的相关数据服务,获取到相应服务后,中心设备可以进行读写请求,读写对象属性如下:

    //对应的中心设备
    @property(readonly, nonatomic) CBCentral *central;
    
    //对应的特征值
    @property(readonly, nonatomic) CBCharacteristic *characteristic;
    
    //读写数据值
    @property(readwrite, copy, nullable) NSData *value;
    

    八、开发流程

    1. 新建Central Manager实例并进行监听蓝牙设备状态
    2. 开始搜索外围设备,通过delegate获得数据
    3. 连接外围设备,delegate通知连接结果
    4. 获得外围设备的服务,delegate获得结果
    5. 获得服务的特征,delegate获得结果
    6. 根据服务和特征给外围设备发送数据
    7. 根据delegate回调,从外围设备读数据

    九、demo

    1.中心设备
    //
    //  DJViewController.m
    //  DJTestDemo
    //
    //  Created by admin on 2021/6/8.
    //
    
    #import "DJViewController.h"
    #import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
    
    #define SERVICE_UUID        @"CDD1"
    #define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID @"CDD2"
    
    @interface DJViewController ()<CBCentralManagerDelegate,CBPeripheralDelegate>
    
    @property (nonatomic,strong)CBCentralManager *centralManager;
    @property (nonatomic, strong) CBPeripheral *peripheral;
    @property (nonatomic, strong) CBCharacteristic *characteristic;
    
    @end
    
    @implementation DJViewController
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("dj.com", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
        _centralManager = [[CBCentralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:queue options:@{@"CBCentralManagerOptionShowPowerAlertKey":@YES}];
        
    }
    
    /** 读取数据 */
    - (void)readData{
        [self.peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:self.characteristic];
    }
    
    /** 写入数据 */
    - (void)writeData{
        // 用NSData类型来写入
        NSData *data = [@"12345" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        // 根据上面的特征self.characteristic来写入数据
        [self.peripheral writeValue:data forCharacteristic:self.characteristic type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];
    }
    
    #pragma mark - CBCentralManagerDelegate
    
    /** 手机蓝牙状态 */
    -(void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central{
        if (central.state == CBManagerStateUnknown) {
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙当前状态不明确");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStateResetting){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙设备正在被重置");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStateUnsupported){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙设备不支持");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStateUnauthorized){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝未被授权");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStatePoweredOff){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙关闭了,请先打开蓝牙");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStatePoweredOn){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙开启");
            //扫描设备
            [_centralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:@[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:SERVICE_UUID]] options:nil];
        }
    }
    
    /** 扫描结果 */
    -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI{
        NSLog(@"%@",advertisementData);
        if ([peripheral.name hasPrefix:@"Air"]) {
            self.peripheral = peripheral;
            //连接设备
            [central connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];
            //停止扫描
            [self.centralManager stopScan];
        }
    }
    
    /** 连接成功 */
    -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral{
        NSLog(@"连接成功");
        // 设置代理
        peripheral.delegate = self;
        // 根据UUID来寻找服务
        [peripheral discoverServices:@[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:SERVICE_UUID]]];
    }
    /** 连接失败 */
    -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(nonnull CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(nullable NSError *)error{
        NSLog(@"连接失败");
        // 断开连接可以设置重新连接
        [central connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];
    }
    
    /** 断开连接 */
    - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(nullable NSError *)error {
        NSLog(@"断开连接");
        // 断开连接可以设置重新连接
        [central connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];
    }
    
    #pragma mark - CBPeripheralDelegate
    
    /** 发现服务 */
    -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error{
        // 遍历出外设中所有的服务
        for (CBService *service in peripheral.services) {
            NSLog(@"所有的服务:%@",service);
        }
        
        /// 这里仅有一个服务,所以直接获取
        CBService *service = peripheral.services.lastObject;
        // 根据UUID寻找服务中的特征
        [peripheral discoverCharacteristics:@[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:CHARACTERISTIC_UUID]] forService:service];
    }
        
    /** 发现特征回调 */
    - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error {
        
        // 遍历出所需要的特征
        for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) {
            NSLog(@"所有特征:%@", characteristic);
            // 从外设开发人员那里拿到不同特征的UUID,不同特征做不同事情,比如有读取数据的特征,也有写入数据的特征
        }
        
        // 这里只获取一个特征,写入数据的时候需要用到这个特征
        self.characteristic = service.characteristics.lastObject;
        
        // 直接读取这个特征数据,会调用didUpdateValueForCharacteristic
        [peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:self.characteristic];
        
        // 订阅通知
        [peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:self.characteristic];
    }
    
    /** 订阅状态的改变 */
    -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error {
        if (error) {
            NSLog(@"订阅失败");
            NSLog(@"%@",error);
        }
        if (characteristic.isNotifying) {
            NSLog(@"订阅成功");
        } else {
            NSLog(@"取消订阅");
        }
    }
    
    /** 接收到数据回调 */
    - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error {
        // 拿到外设发送过来的数据
        NSData *data = characteristic.value;
        NSString *readStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(@"%@",readStr);
    }
    
    /** 写入数据回调 */
    - (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(nonnull CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error {
        NSLog(@"写入成功");
    }
    
    
    @end
    
    2.外设
    //
    //  DJViewController.m
    //  DJTestDemo
    //
    //  Created by admin on 2021/6/8.
    //
    
    #import "DJViewController.h"
    #import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
    
    #define SERVICE_UUID        @"CDD1"
    #define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID @"CDD2"
    
    @interface DJViewController ()<CBPeripheralManagerDelegate>
    
    @property (nonatomic, strong) CBPeripheralManager *peripheralManager;
    @property (nonatomic, strong) CBMutableCharacteristic *characteristic;
    
    @end
    
    @implementation DJViewController
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        // 创建外设管理器,会回调peripheralManagerDidUpdateState方法
        self.peripheralManager = [[CBPeripheralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
    }
    
    
    #pragma mark - CBPeripheralManagerDelegate
    
    /** 手机蓝牙状态 */
    -(void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central{
        if (central.state == CBManagerStateUnknown) {
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙当前状态不明确");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStateResetting){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙设备正在被重置");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStateUnsupported){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙设备不支持");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStateUnauthorized){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝未被授权");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStatePoweredOff){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙关闭了,请先打开蓝牙");
        }else if (central.state == CBManagerStatePoweredOn){
            NSLog(@"系统蓝牙开启");
            // 创建Service(服务)和Characteristics(特征)
            [self setupServiceAndCharacteristics];
            // 根据服务的UUID开始广播
            [self.peripheralManager startAdvertising:@{CBAdvertisementDataServiceUUIDsKey:@[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:SERVICE_UUID]]}];
        }
    }
    
    /** 中心设备读取数据的时候回调 */
    - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveReadRequest:(CBATTRequest *)request {
        // 请求中的数据,这里把文本框中的数据发给中心设备
        request.value = [self.textField.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        // 成功响应请求
        [peripheral respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorSuccess];
    }
    
    /** 中心设备写入数据的时候回调 */
    - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveWriteRequests:(NSArray<CBATTRequest *> *)requests {
        // 写入数据的请求
        CBATTRequest *request = requests.lastObject;
        // 把写入的数据显示在文本框中
        self.textField.text = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:request.value encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    }
    
    /** 订阅成功回调 */
    -(void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didSubscribeToCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic {
        NSLog(@"%s",__FUNCTION__);
    }
    
    /** 取消订阅回调 */
    -(void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didUnsubscribeFromCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic {
        NSLog(@"%s",__FUNCTION__);
    }
    
    /** 创建服务和特征 */
    - (void)setupServiceAndCharacteristics {
        // 创建服务
        CBUUID *serviceID = [CBUUID UUIDWithString:SERVICE_UUID];
        CBMutableService *service = [[CBMutableService alloc] initWithType:serviceID primary:YES];
        // 创建服务中的特征
        CBUUID *characteristicID = [CBUUID UUIDWithString:CHARACTERISTIC_UUID];
        CBMutableCharacteristic *characteristic = [
                                                   [CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]
                                                   initWithType:characteristicID
                                                   properties:
                                                   CBCharacteristicPropertyRead |
                                                   CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite |
                                                   CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify
                                                   value:nil
                                                   permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable |
                                                   CBAttributePermissionsWriteable
                                                   ];
        // 特征添加进服务
        service.characteristics = @[characteristic];
        // 服务加入管理
        [self.peripheralManager addService:service];
        
        // 为了手动给中心设备发送数据
        self.characteristic = characteristic;
    }
    
    /** 通过固定的特征发送数据到中心设备 */
    - (void)didClickPost {
        BOOL sendSuccess = [self.peripheralManager updateValue:[@"111" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] forCharacteristic:self.characteristic onSubscribedCentrals:nil];
        if (sendSuccess) {
            NSLog(@"数据发送成功");
        }else {
            NSLog(@"数据发送失败");
        }
    }
    
    @end
    

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          本文标题:iOS 蓝牙 - CoreBluetooth

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