第一套练习题
1.在当前系统中打印出所有普通用户的用户名和家目录（/etc/passwd）
答：awk -F ":" '{print $1,$(NF-1)}' /etc/passwd
cat /etc/passwd|awk '/home/'|awk -F "[:]+" '{print $1,$5}'
2.显示当前系统中容量使用率大于5%的文件系统名称和挂载点
答：df -h|awk -F "[ %]+" 'NR>1&&$5>5{print $1,$NF}'
3.为/tmp/grub.conf文件中前三行的行首加#号
sed -r '1,3s#^#\##g' a.txt
awk 'NR>0&&NR<4{print "#"$0}' grub
4.通过notepad++打开，把一下内容输入到test.txt文件中
姓名 区号 电话 三个月捐款数量
Mike Harrington:[510] 548-1278:250:100:175
Christian Dobbins:[408] 538-2358:155:90:201
Susan Dalsass:[206] 654-6279:250:60:50
Archie McNichol:[206] 548-1348:250:100:175
Jody Savage:[206] 548-1278:15:188:150
Guy Quigley:[916] 343-6410:250:100:175
Dan Savage:[406] 298-7744:450:300:275
Nancy McNeil:[206] 548-1278:250:80:75
John Goldenrod:[916] 348-4278:250:100:175
Chet Main:[510] 548-5258:50:95:135
Tom Savage:[408] 926-3456:250:168:200
Elizabeth Stachelin:[916] 440-1763:175:75:300
(1)显示所有电话号码
awk -F"[ :]+" '!/^$/{print $4}' test.txt
(2)显示Dan的电话号码
awk -F "[ :]+" '$1~/Dan/{print $4}' test.txt
(3)显示Susan的名字和电话号码
awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==5{print $1,$4}' test.txt
awk -F'[ :]+' '$1~/Susan/{print $1,$2,$4}' test.txt
(4)显示所有以D开头的姓
awk -F "[ :]+" '$2~/^D/{print $2}' test.txt
(5)显示所有区号为916的人名
awk -F "[ :]+" '$3~/\[916\]/{print $1}' test.txt
(6)显示Mike的捐款.显示每个值时都有以$开头.如$250$100$175
awk -F "[: ]+" '$1~/Mike/{print "$"$(NF-2),"$"$(NF-1),"$"$NF}' test.txt
awk -F ":" '$1~/Mike/{print "$"$3,"$"$4,"$"$5}' test.txt
awk -F'[ :]+' '/Mike/{print "￥"$(NF-2),"￥"$(NF-1),"￥"$NF}' test.txt
sed -rn 's#^M.*:(.*):(.*):(.*).*#$\1 $\2 $\3#gp' test.txt
(7)显示姓,其后跟一个逗号和名
awk -F "[: ]+" 'NR>1&&$1~/^[A-Z]/{print $1","$2}' test.txt
awk -F'[ :]+' 'NR>1&&!/^$/{print $2","$1}' test.txt
(8)在Jody开头的行前面添加oldboy
awk -F "[ :]+" '$1~/Jody/ {print "oldboy " $0}' test.txt
sed -ne '/Jody/p' -e 's#^#oldboy#g' test.txt
上一行添加oldboy
sed '/Jody/i oldboy' test.txt
awk -F "[ :]+" '$1~/Jody/ {print "oldboy\n" $0}' test.txt
(9)删除空白行
sed '/^$/d' test.txt
第二套练习题
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
grep练习
1. 显示所有包含San的行
grep -n 'San' b.txt
2.显示所有以J开始的人名所在的行
grep '^J' b.txt
awk '$1~/^J/' b.txt
sed -n '/^J/p' b.txt
3.显示所有以700结尾的行
grep '700$' b.txt
awk '/700$/' b.txt
sed -n '/700$/p' b.txt
4.显示所有不包括834的行
grep -vn '834' b.txt
awk '$0!~/834/' b.txt
sed '/834/d' b.txt
5.显示所有生日在December的行
grep ':12/' b.txt
sed -rn '/:12\//' b.txt
awk '/:12\//{print}' b.txt
awk -F "[/:]" '$(NF-3)==12{print $0}' b.txt
6.显示所有电话号码的区号为408的行
grep '408-' b.txt
sed -n '/408/p' b.txt
sed -n '/:408-/p' b.txt
awk '/408/' b.txt
awk -F "[:-]" '$2==408' b.txt
7.显示所有这样的行:它包含一个大写字母,后跟四个小写字母,一个冒号,一个空格,和一个大写字母
7.显示所有这样的行:它包含一个大写字母,后跟四个小写字母,一个逗号,一个空格,和一个大写字母
egrep '[A-Z][a-z]{4}, [A-Z]' b.txt
8.显示姓以K或k开头的行
egrep ' [K][a-z]+:' b.txt
sed -n '/ K.*:.*-/p' b.txt
awk '$2~/^[Kk]/' b.txt
9.显示工资为六位数的行,并在前面加行号
egrep -n '[0-9]{6}' b.txt
sed -n '/[0-9]\{6\}/p' b.txt |cat -n
awk -F ":" '$NF~/.{6}/' b.txt|cat -n
sed练习
1.把Jon的名字改成Jonathan.
sed 's#^Jon#Jonathan#g' b.txt
2.删除头三行
sed '1,3d' b.txt
3.显示5-10行
sed -n '5,10p' b.txt
4.删除包含Lane的行.
sed '/Lane/d' b.txt
awk '$0!~/Lane/' b.txt
5.显示所有生日在November-December之间的行
sed -rn '/:[1-9]{2}\//p' b.txt
sed -rn '/:[12]{2}\//p' b.txt
awk -F "[:/]" '$4>=11' b.txt
6.把三个星号(***)添加到以Fred开头的行
sed -rn 's#(Fred)#***\1#gp' b.txt
sed -nr '/Fred/s#(.*)#***\1#gp' b.txt
7.用JOSE HAS RETIRED取代包含Jose的行
sed -r 's#.*Jose.*#JOSE HAS RETIRED#gp' b.txt
8.把Popeye的生日改成11/14/46
sed -n '/Popeye/p' b.txt | sed 's#3/19/35#11/14/46#g'
9.删除所有空白行
sed '/^$/d' b.txt
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