有时候app中需要从外部读取文件,并使用。在iOS中,并没有很开放的文件系统,一般只能通过iCloud。(app内置文件的话,每次文件更新,app也要更新,不建议使用)
那么该如何使用iCloud呢?这里就需要用到UIDocumentPickerViewController
UIDocumentPickerViewController有四种模式:
- Import an external document:用户选择一个外部文档,文档选择器拷贝该文档到应用沙盒,不会修改源文档。
- Export a local document:文档选择器拷贝文档到一个外部路径,不会修改源文档。
- Open an external document:打开一个外部文档,用户可以修改该文档。
- Move a local document:拷贝文档到外部路径,同时可以修改该拷贝。
知道了以上这些,那就好办了,上代码。
import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController, UIDocumentPickerDelegate {
var filePath = ""
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.orange
let btn = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 100, y: 200, width: 80, height: 40))
btn.backgroundColor = UIColor.purple
view.addSubview(btn)
btn.addTarget(self, action: #selector(jumpToICloud), for: .touchUpInside)
let btn2 = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 250, y: 200, width: 80, height: 40))
btn2.backgroundColor = UIColor.green
view.addSubview(btn2)
btn2.addTarget(self, action: #selector(getFile), for: .touchUpInside)
}
@objc func jumpToICloud() {
//打开iCloud文件界面
let menuVc = UIDocumentPickerViewController(documentTypes: ["public.data","public.item",], in: .import)
menuVc.modalPresentationStyle = .fullScreen
menuVc.delegate = self
present(menuVc, animated: true, completion: nil)
}
func documentPicker(_ controller: UIDocumentPickerViewController, didPickDocumentsAt urls: [URL]) {
print(urls)
if let url = urls.first {
filePath = url.absoluteString
let error = NSErrorPointer(nil)
let fileCoor = NSFileCoordinator()
fileCoor.coordinate(readingItemAt: url, options: [], error: error) { fileUrl in
//print(fileUrl)
let fileName = fileUrl.lastPathComponent
//print(fileName)
do {
let data = try Data(contentsOf: fileUrl, options: .mappedRead)
let arr = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.documentDirectory, .userDomainMask, true)
let documentPath = arr.last
print(documentPath)
let localFileName = documentPath?.appending("/").appending(fileName) ?? ""
let desPath = URL(fileURLWithPath: localFileName)
try data.write(to: desPath, options: .atomic)
print(data.count)
filePath = localFileName
} catch let error as Error? {
print(error?.localizedDescription)
}
}
}
}
func documentPickerWasCancelled(_ controller: UIDocumentPickerViewController) {
print("documentPickerWasCancelled")
}
@objc func getFile() {
let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: filePath)
// 带throws的方法需要抛异常
do {
/*
* try 和 try! 的区别
* try 发生异常会跳到catch代码中
* try! 发生异常程序会直接crash
*/
let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
//let jsonData:Any = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.mutableContainers)
print(data.count)
} catch let error as Error? {
print(error?.localizedDescription)
}
}
}
需要注意的是,使用这个功能,必须登录iCloud。此外documentTypes的类型(["public.data","public.item"])必须是根据自己需要的来,否则即使文件传到iCloud中了,也无法访问。
另外,如果是open模式的,可能需要在info.plist文件中设置Application supports iTunes file sharing为YES以及Supports opening documents in place才能得到预期的结果。例如:url.startAccessingSecurityScopedResource()
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