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mac下安装和使用mysql

mac下安装和使用mysql

作者: runner123 | 来源:发表于2018-06-12 11:56 被阅读0次

一、MySQL数据库的安装和配置
进入官网,选择mysql的Community版本即可
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

image.png
下载完成后点击进行安装,根据提示点下一步,默认会生成数据库,记住自己设置的默认密码

官网下载的数据库包安装目录默认为

/usr/local/mysql/bin

如果不想每次都进入该目录执行命令,可配置到环境变量中

 open .bash_profile

将mysql的bin目录配置到环境变量中

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin 

执行source使配置生效

source .bash_profile

二、mysql的基本命令操作
1、数据库的连接(首先自行检查数据库的服务是开启的)

mysql -h localhost -u root -p

看到下面的标示标示连接成功,可以进行正常的数据库操作

mysql>

mysql -h 主机名 -u 用户名 -p密码
◆-h:后面接的是主机名,表示你要连接到哪台主机的MySQL数据库。

◆-u:后面接的是用户名,MySQL默认的就是root。

◆-p:指定需要使用密码登陆MySQL数据库,如果密码为空,该参数可以省略。

例如:

mysql -h 192.168.188.90 -u root -p123456

连接IP:192.168.188.90 用户名:root 密码:123456的数据库

2、查看已有的数据库
mysql作为数据仓库,里面可以创建多个数据库,每个数据库里面可以创建多个数据库表,查看当前仓库的数据库,命令:

 show databases;

效果如下

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| asset               |
| asset_database      |
| assets_database     |
| boss_database       |

注意该命令后边的;号一定要有
3、创建自己的数据库

create database 数据库名;
mysql> create database user_info;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

4、选择操作的数据库

use 数据库名  

5、在指定数据库中创建数据库表

首先执行 use 数据库名  指定要执行的数据库
然后使用 create table 数据库表名; 命令创建表
使用 describe  数据库表名; 命令检查创建的数据库表
mysql> use user_info
Database changed
mysql> create table user_info
    -> (
    -> id char(10) not null primary key,
    -> name char(20) not null,
    -> sex char(6) not null,
    -> age int not null,
    -> address char(36) not null
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> describe user_info;
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field   | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id      | char(10) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| name    | char(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| sex     | char(6)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age     | int(11)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| address | char(36) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql>

三、数据库表的增删改查操作
1、向数据库表中添加数据

insert into 数据库表名 values(value值1,value值2,.......);
mysql> insert into user_info value("1000023","liz","male",21,"xian");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into user_info value("1000024","liy","male",25,"beijing");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

2、查询数据库表中的数据

select  列名称 from 数据库表名称  where 查询条件 and 查询条件;
mysql> select * from user_info;
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| id      | name | sex  | age | address |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| 1000023 | liz  | male |  21 | xian    |
| 1000024 | liy  | male |  25 | beijing |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select name from user_info where name="liy";
+------+
| name |
+------+
| liy  |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select name,id from user_info where name="liz"
    -> ^C
mysql> select name,id from user_info where name="liz";
+------+---------+
| name | id      |
+------+---------+
| liz  | 1000023 |
+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select name,id from user_info where name="liz" and id="1000023";
+------+---------+
| name | id      |
+------+---------+
| liz  | 1000023 |
+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select name,id from user_info where name="liz" and id="1000024";
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

记得数据库表操作的命令一定要分号结束
3、修改数据库表中数据

update 数据库表名 set 列名=赋值 where 修改条件
mysql> select * from user_info;
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| id      | name | sex  | age | address |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| 1000023 | lisi | male |  21 | xian    |
| 1000024 | liy  | male |  25 | beijing |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user_info set age=age+1;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 2  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from user_info;
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| id      | name | sex  | age | address |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| 1000023 | lisi | male |  22 | xian    |
| 1000024 | liy  | male |  26 | beijing |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user_info set name="wangwu",age=12 where name="lisi";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from user_info;
+---------+--------+------+-----+---------+
| id      | name   | sex  | age | address |
+---------+--------+------+-----+---------+
| 1000023 | wangwu | male |  12 | xian    |
| 1000024 | liy    | male |  26 | beijing |
+---------+--------+------+-----+---------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

4、删除数据库表中内容

delete from 数据库表名 where 删除条件;
mysql> delete from user_info where name="wangwu";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> select * from user_info;
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| id      | name | sex  | age | address |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
| 1000024 | liy  | male |  26 | beijing |
+---------+------+------+-----+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

5、修改数据库表
上面是关于数据库表中的数据的增删改查的操作,接下来是关于修改数据库表的操作,针对数据库表的操作,主要是删除数据库表、数据库表重命名、对数据库表的列进行修改、删除操作

(1)修改数据库表中的列:

alter table 数据库表名 change 列名称 新数据;

修改前,先查看之前的数据库表的详细信息

mysql> describe user_info;
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field   | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id      | char(10) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| name    | char(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| sex     | char(6)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age     | int(11)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| address | char(36) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table user_info change address addr char(40) not null;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> alter table user_info change name userName char(20) not null;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> describe user_info;
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id       | char(10) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| userName | char(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| sex      | char(6)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age      | int(11)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| addr     | char(40) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(2)删除数据库表中列

alter table 数据库表名 drop 列名称;
mysql> alter table user_info drop addr;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> describe user_info;
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id       | char(10) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| userName | char(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| sex      | char(6)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age      | int(11)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(3) 增加数据库表中的列

alter table 数据库表名 add 添加的列信息;
mysql> alter table user_info add address char(40) not null;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> describe user_info;
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id       | char(10) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| userName | char(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| sex      | char(6)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age      | int(11)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| address  | char(40) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(4) 重命名数据库表

alter table 数据库表 rename 新表名;
mysql> alter table user_info rename user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_user_info |
+---------------------+
| user                |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(5) 删除数据库表
当该数据库表的信息已经是不需要的信息时,可以执行删表操作:

drop table 数据库表名;
mysql> drop table user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

6、删除数据库

drop database 数据库名;
mysql> drop database user_info;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

以上就是关于mysql安装,数据库连接、数据库的基本操作,数据库表的操作的简单事例。

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