被动语态用于表示句子中的主语为谓语动作的承受者。被动语态的格式为: 助动词be + 过去分词。 下面是各种动词时态在采用被动语态时的结构。熟练掌握这些结构对英语学习者相当重要。
1. 一般现在时的被动语态结构为: is/are/am + 过去分词
Now we are not allowed to touch it. 现在不许我们再动它。
Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们的教室每天都有打扫。
I am asked to more social affairs than I have time to attend. 社交活动太多，我应接不暇。
I like this boy but I'm not allowed to date? 我喜欢这男孩，但我不能和他约会。
Are they well prepared? 他们准备充分吗？
How is the word spelt? 这单词怎样拼写？
Where are all the athletes housed? 运动员被安置在哪里？
2. 一般过去时的被动语态结构为: was/were + 过去分词
Many people were hurt in that accident. 很多人在那起事中受伤。
Each stone was marked with a number. 每块石头标有一个数字。
The Egyptian pyramids are huge. Why were they built? 埃及金字塔很大。它们为何而建？
3. 一般将来时的被动语态结构为: will/shall be + 过去分词
He will be caught soon! 他很快就会被抓住！
The results of the examination won't be given out. 这次考试成绩将不予公布。
We shall be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。
Will they be treated fairly in the game? 他们在比赛中会得到公评对待吗？
When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候出版？
4. 过去将来时的被动语态结构为:
a) would be +过去分词
He said that his homework would be finished soon. 他说他很快可以做完作业。
I didn't expect that I would be given the prize. 我未曾料到我会获奖。
b) was/were going to be + 过去分词
The manager said that the problems were going to be settled. 经理说问题将得到解决。
He knew he was going to be beaten. 他自知会被打败。
Were they going to be forced to get married at this young age? 他们这么年轻就要被迫结婚吗？
5. 现在进行时的被动语态结构为: is/are/am + being + 过去分词
Your proposal is being actively considered. 你的建议正获积极考虑。
I've just had a car accident, and I'm being sent to the nearest hospital. 我刚遭遇了车祸，正被送住附近医院途中。
The gang are being hunted by the police. 警察正在追捕这帮歹徒。
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse? 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
6. 过去进行时的被动语态结构为: was/were + being + 过去分词
The troops were being prepared for battle. 部队已作好战斗准备。
I had the impression that I was being followed. 我感觉到有人正跟踪我。
7. 现在完成时的被动语态结构为: have/has been + 过去分词
He hasn't been caught yet. 他还没被抓住。
During the course of history, many agreements have been made between France and England. 法英两国在历史上曾达成过许多协议。
Has the new training centre been set up in our town? 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗？
8. 过去完成时的被动语态结构为: had + been + 过去分词
It amazed me that he had been promoted. 获悉他已被提升，我大吃一惊。
The safe had been blown by the thieves. 保险箱被窃贼炸开了。
9. 带情态动词的被动语态
a) 情态动词的被动语态结构通常为: 情态动词 + be + 过去分词
I'm sure that John and Margaret can be brought together. 我相信约翰和玛格丽特会言归于好。
Can the fruit be kept in the fridge for long? 水果在冰箱里可以长时间保存吗?
Your money can't be withdrawn until three months later. 三个月后你才能提款。
This must be done immediately. 这事必须立即处理。
Must the trees be watered now？这些树必须现在浇水吗？
The books mustn't be taken out of the reading-room.这些书不得拿出阅览室。
All these things may be put together. 所有这些东西可以放在一起。
Every effort ought to be made to get him to a hospital. 应想方设法送他到医院。
b) 情态动词后也可以加完成时态的被动语态。
The book may have been misplaced somewhere else. 这本书可能被错放到别处去了。
The two essays are very similar, so one must have been copied from the other. 这两篇文章很雷同，因此其中一篇一定是抄袭了另一篇。
These bills should have been paid before now. 这些帐单已逾期未付。
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