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Android右对齐实践及优化

Android右对齐实践及优化

作者: Y_KANG | 来源:发表于2017-02-07 18:42 被阅读775次

    回想起去年做过的一个维语音乐平台,要求实现双语版本,汉语和维语。在维语版本中要求文字、控件,右对齐显示,我们都知道大部分语言都是左对齐,android默认的对齐方式也是左对齐方式。而像维语和阿拉伯语这种语言都是右对齐的,即是从右往左读的。
      拿到这个问题我首先想到到的是自定义ViewGroup。233333~
      其实从Android 4.2 (api 17)开始 对rtl 提供了相应的支持。

    项目中的实际效果

    Paste_Image.png

    那我们来试一下吧~

    相关配置

    1. minsdk 大于17
    2. manifest 文件中添加 android:supportsRtl="true"
    3. 使用
      android:layout_marginEnd=""
      android:layout_marginStart=""
      android:paddingEnd=""
      android:paddingStart=""

    简单使用

    • ViewGroup 设置 android:layoutDirection="rtl 或 trl";
    • TextView 内文字对齐方式 android:textAlignmen = "textEnd 或 textStart" 或 android:textDirection="rtl 或 ltr"

    特别的控件

    imageview 右对齐

        <ImageView
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:scaleX="-1" //反向
         android:src="@drawable/ic_record_voice_over_blue_900_36dp"
        />   
    

    viewpager 与 tablayout 右对齐,要求至右往左滑动

        public class RTLViewPager extends ViewPager {
        
            // direction
            private boolean mIsRtlOriented;
            
            public RTLViewPager(Context context){
                this(context, null);
            }
            public RTLViewPager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs){
                super(context, attrs);
            }
        
            //rtl 时设置当前页码  自定义属性修改更好
            public void setRtlOriented(boolean isRtlOriented){
                mIsRtlOriented = isRtlOriented;
                if(mIsRtlOriented && getAdapter() != null){
                    setCurrentItem(getAdapter().getCount() - 1 , false);
                }else{
                    setCurrentItem(0 , false);
                }
            }
        }
    

    设置 adapter 数据反置

    public class CommonPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter
    
    {
        private final List<Fragment> mFragments = new ArrayList<>();
        private final List<String> mFragmentsTitles = new ArrayList<>();
        private boolean mIsRtrl;
    
        public CommonPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm , boolean mIsRtrl)
        {
            super(fm);
            this.mIsRtrl = mIsRtrl;
        }
    
        public void addFragment(Fragment fragment , String title)
        {
            mFragments.add(fragment);
            mFragmentsTitles.add(title);
        }
    
        public void clearFragment()
        {
            mFragments.clear();
            mFragmentsTitles.clear();
        }
    
        @Override
        public Fragment getItem(int position)
        {
            if (mIsRtrl && mFragments.size() > 0)
            {
                return mFragments.get(mFragments.size() - position - 1);
            }
            else
            {
                return mFragments.get(position);
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getCount()
        {
            return mFragments.size();
        }
    
        @Override
        public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position)
        {
            if (mIsRtrl && mFragmentsTitles.size() > 0)
            {
                return mFragmentsTitles.get(mFragmentsTitles.size() - position - 1);
            }
            else
            {
                return mFragmentsTitles.get(position);
            }
        }
    }
    

    完整布局代码

    汉语布局 activity_main.xml

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        android:id="@+id/activity_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="#ffffff"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
    
        <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
            android:id="@+id/act_tab"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="48dp"
            app:layout_scrollFlags="scroll"
            app:tabSelectedTextColor="#666666"
            app:tabTextColor="@android:color/darker_gray"
            app:tabIndicatorHeight="2dp"
            app:tabMode="scrollable"
            app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorPrimary">
        </android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>
    
    </LinearLayout>
    
    <com.yankang.rtldemo.RTLViewPager
        android:id="@+id/act_viewpager"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_height="0dp">
    </com.yankang.rtldemo.RTLViewPager>
    
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/change_lang"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/change_lang"/>
    

    </LinearLayout>

    维语布局 activity_main.xml

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        android:id="@+id/activity_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layoutDirection="rtl"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="#ffffff"
            android:orientation="horizontal">
    
            <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
                android:id="@+id/act_tab"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="48dp"
                android:layoutDirection="ltr"
                app:layout_scrollFlags="scroll"
                app:tabSelectedTextColor="#666666"
                app:tabTextColor="@android:color/darker_gray"
                app:tabIndicatorHeight="2dp"
                app:tabMode="scrollable"
                app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorPrimary">
            </android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>
    
        </LinearLayout>
    
        <com.yankang.rtldemo.RTLViewPager
            android:id="@+id/act_viewpager"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="0dp">
        </com.yankang.rtldemo.RTLViewPager>
    
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/change_lang"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/change_lang"/>
    
    </LinearLayout>
    

    文件夹结构(rtl布局我放在 layout_en_rUS 下)


    Paste_Image.png

    以上源码地址


    好吧, 到这里我们基本实现了双语版本 , 以及版本的切换。
    但是 ,我们layout 多了一份 , String.xml多了一份(这个无法避免),一方面需要同时维护两套布局,布局文件很多的情况下很不方便,另一方面也增大了app的大小。

    布局优化

    使用databinding 简化布局
    App字符串常量类 StringVaule.java

    package com.yankang.rtldemo.Strings;
    
    import android.databinding.BaseObservable;
    import android.databinding.Bindable;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo.BR;
    
    /**
     * Created by yankang on 2017/1/8.
     * app 字符串常量类
     */
    
    public class StringVaule extends BaseObservable
    {
         private boolean langType = false;
         @Bindable
         public boolean isLangType() {
              return langType;
         }
    
         public void setLangType(boolean langType)
         {
              this.langType = langType;
              notifyPropertyChanged(BR.langType);
         }
    
         // 文字
         public final String btn = "改变";
         public final String _btn = "change";
    }
    

    activity_main.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        <data>
            <import type="com.yankang.rtldemo.Strings.StringVaule"/>
            <import type="android.view.View"/>
    
            <variable
                name="string"
                type="StringVaule"/>
        </data>
    
        <LinearLayout
            xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
            android:id="@+id/activity_main"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layoutDirection="@{string.langType ? View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL : View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR}"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:background="#ffffff"
                android:orientation="horizontal">
    
                <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
                    android:id="@+id/act_tab"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="48dp"
                    app:layout_scrollFlags="scroll"
                    android:layoutDirection="ltr"
                    app:tabSelectedTextColor="#666666"
                    app:tabTextColor="@android:color/darker_gray"
                    app:tabIndicatorHeight="2dp"
                    app:tabMode="scrollable"
                    app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorPrimary">
                </android.support.design.widget.TabLayout>
    
            </LinearLayout>
    
            <com.yankang.rtldemo.Widgets.RTLViewPager
                android:id="@+id/act_viewpager"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="0dp">
            </com.yankang.rtldemo.Widgets.RTLViewPager>
    
            <Button
                android:id="@+id/change_lang"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="@{string.langType ? string._btn : string.btn}"/>
    
        </LinearLayout>
    </layout>
    

    RecycleView item list_item.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
        <data>
            <import type="com.yankang.rtldemo.Strings.StringVaule"/>
            <import type="com.yankang.rtldemo.Model.Student"/>
            <variable
                name="string"
                type="StringVaule"/>
            <variable
                name="stu"
                type="Student"/>
        </data>
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="50dp"
                android:layout_height="50dp"
                android:layout_margin="15dp"
                android:scaleType="centerCrop"
                    android:scaleX="@{string.langType ? -1f : 1f}"
                app:image="@{stu.imageUrl}"/>
    
            <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_gravity="center"
                android:orientation="vertical"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    
                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@{stu.name}"/>
    
                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
                    android:text="@{stu.gender}"/>
    
            </LinearLayout>
    
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
                android:layout_marginEnd="10dp"
                android:scaleX="@{string.langType ? -1f : 1f}"
                android:src="@drawable/ic_keyboard_arrow_right_black_36dp"/>
    
        </LinearLayout>
    
    </layout>
    

    MainActivity.java

    package com.yankang.rtldemo1;
    
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.support.design.widget.TabLayout;
    import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
    import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import com.yankang.rtldemo1.Adapters.CommonPagerAdapter;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo1.Widgets.RTLViewPager;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo1.data.PreferManager;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo1.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;
    
    import butterknife.Bind;
    import butterknife.ButterKnife;
    import butterknife.OnClick;
    
    import static com.yankang.rtldemo1.App.stringVaule;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
    {
    
    @Bind(R.id.act_tab)
    TabLayout actTab;
    @Bind(R.id.act_viewpager)
    RTLViewPager actViewpager;
    
    private CommonPagerAdapter adapter;
    
    private boolean isRtl = false;
    private ActivityMainBinding binding;
    private PreferManager preferManager;
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this , R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);
        initView();
    }
    
    
    private void initView()
    {
        preferManager = PreferManager.getInstance(this);
        binding.setString(App.stringVaule);
    
        isRtl = preferManager.getLangType() == Constant.LANG_EN;
        stringVaule.setLangType(isRtl);
    
        adapter = new CommonPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager() , isRtl);
    
        for (int i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i ++)
        {
            Fragment fragment = new TestFragment();
            adapter.addFragment(fragment , "标签" + i);
        }
    
        actTab.setupWithViewPager(actViewpager);
        actViewpager.setAdapter(adapter);
        actViewpager.setRtlOriented(isRtl);
    
    }
    
    @OnClick(R.id.change_lang)
    public void change()
    {
        if (preferManager.getLangType() == Constant.LANG_EN)
        {
            preferManager.setLangType(Constant.LANG_ZH);
    
        }else
        {
            preferManager.setLangType(Constant.LANG_EN);
        }
    
        startActivity(new Intent(this , MainActivity.class));
        finish();
    }
    
    }
    

    RecycleView adapter 配置Databinding CommonAdapter.java

    package com.yankang.rtldemo.Adapters;
    
    import android.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
    import android.databinding.ViewDataBinding;
    import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    
    import com.yankang.rtldemo.App;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo.BR;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo.Model.Student;
    import com.yankang.rtldemo.R;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    
    
    /**
     * Created by yankang on 2017/1/8.
     * MVVM 在recycleview 中的应用
     */
    
    public class CommonAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<CommonAdapter.ViewHoler>
    {
    
        private final ArrayList<Student> mData = new ArrayList<>();
    
        public CommonAdapter(ArrayList<Student> data)
        {
            mData.addAll(data);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ViewHoler onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType)
        {
            ViewDataBinding binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(LayoutInflater
                    .from(parent.getContext()), R.layout.list_item, parent, false);
            ViewHoler holder = new ViewHoler(binding.getRoot());
            holder.setViewDataBinding(binding);
            return holder;
        }
    
        //设置数据
        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHoler holder, int position)
        {
            //修改绑定数据
            holder.getViewDataBinding().setVariable(BR.stu, mData.get(position));
            holder.getViewDataBinding().setVariable(BR.string , App.stringVaule);
    
            //刷新
            holder.getViewDataBinding().executePendingBindings();
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return mData.size();
        }
        
        class ViewHoler extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
    
            private ViewDataBinding viewDataBinding;
    
            public ViewHoler(View itemView) {
                super(itemView);
            }
    
            public ViewDataBinding getViewDataBinding() {
                return viewDataBinding;
            }
    
            public void setViewDataBinding(ViewDataBinding viewDataBinding) {
                this.viewDataBinding = viewDataBinding;
            }
        }
    }
    

    以上源码地址

    实际效果

    Paste_Image.png

    使用DataBinding后,我们不用再维护多套布局 , 极大的简化了代码。总体来说还是很简单的。

    end~

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