1、下载Anaconda
1）官网源地址：https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/
2）清华源地址（推荐使用，下载速度快）：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/?C=N&O=D
[root@server anaconda]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh
--2020-04-11 21:23:21-- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh
Resolving mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.8.193, 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1
Connecting to mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 546910666 (522M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh’
100%[====================================================================>] 546,910,666 7.78MB/s in 80s
2020-04-11 21:24:42 (6.50 MB/s) - ‘Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh’ saved [546910666/546910666]
2、安装Anaconda
[root@server anaconda]# bash Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh
Welcome to Anaconda3 2020.02
In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>>
===================================
End User License Agreement - Anaconda Individual Edition
===================================
Copyright 2015-2020, Anaconda, Inc.
All rights reserved under the 3-clause BSD License:
（此处license部分省略……）
Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes
Anaconda3 will now be installed into this location:
/root/anaconda3
- Press ENTER to confirm the location
- Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
- Or specify a different location below
[/root/anaconda3] >>> /opt/anaconda3
PREFIX=/opt/anaconda3
Unpacking payload ...
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /opt/anaconda3
added / updated specs:
- _ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf==0.1.0=py37_0
- _libgcc_mutex==0.1=main
- alabaster==0.7.12=py37_0
- anaconda-client==1.7.2=py37_0
- anaconda-navigator==1.9.12=py37_0
（此处省略……）
zeromq pkgs/main/linux-64::zeromq-4.3.1-he6710b0_3
zict pkgs/main/noarch::zict-1.0.0-py_0
zipp pkgs/main/noarch::zipp-2.2.0-py_0
zlib pkgs/main/linux-64::zlib-1.2.11-h7b6447c_3
zstd pkgs/main/linux-64::zstd-1.3.7-h0b5b093_0
Preparing transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
installation finished.
Do you wish the installer to initialize Anaconda3
by running conda init? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes
no change /opt/anaconda3/condabin/conda
no change /opt/anaconda3/bin/conda
no change /opt/anaconda3/bin/conda-env
no change /opt/anaconda3/bin/activate
no change /opt/anaconda3/bin/deactivate
no change /opt/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
no change /opt/anaconda3/etc/fish/conf.d/conda.fish
no change /opt/anaconda3/shell/condabin/Conda.psm1
no change /opt/anaconda3/shell/condabin/conda-hook.ps1
no change /opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/xontrib/conda.xsh
no change /opt/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.csh
modified /root/.bashrc
==> For changes to take effect, close and re-open your current shell. <==
If you'd prefer that conda's base environment not be activated on startup,
set the auto_activate_base parameter to false:
conda config --set auto_activate_base false
Thank you for installing Anaconda3!
===========================================================================
Anaconda and JetBrains are working together to bring you Anaconda-powered
environments tightly integrated in the PyCharm IDE.
PyCharm for Anaconda is available at:
https://www.anaconda.com/pycharm
anaconda在自动初始化过程中会在 ~/.bashrc 文件中写入一些内容，如下：
[root@server anaconda]# cat ~/.bashrc
# .bashrc
# User specific aliases and functions
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
. /etc/bashrc
fi
# >>> conda initialize >>>
# !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
__conda_setup="$('/opt/anaconda3/bin/conda' 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
eval "$__conda_setup"
else
if [ -f "/opt/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
. "/opt/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
else
export PATH="/opt/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
fi
fi
unset __conda_setup
# <<< conda initialize <<<
这时候需要使用命令souce重新load一下该配置文件，可以看到命令提示符前面加了一个(base)，如下：
[root@server anaconda]# source ~/.bashrc
(base) [root@server anaconda]#
使用命令conda list以验证是否安装成功，如果安装成功会列出所有已经成功安装的包，如下：
(base) [root@server anaconda]# conda list
# packages in environment at /opt/anaconda3:
#
# Name Version Build Channel
_ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf 0.1.0 py37_0
_libgcc_mutex 0.1 main
alabaster 0.7.12 py37_0
anaconda 2020.02 py37_0
anaconda-client 1.7.2 py37_0
anaconda-navigator 1.9.12 py37_0
anaconda-project 0.8.4 py_0
argh 0.26.2 py37_0
（此处省略）
yapf 0.28.0 py_0
zeromq 4.3.1 he6710b0_3
zict 1.0.0 py_0
zipp 2.2.0 py_0
zlib 1.2.11 h7b6447c_3
zstd 1.3.7 h0b5b093_0
看到上面的信息就说明已经安装成功了。
3、配置Python默认下载源
输入python可以看到当前安装的python版本号（这里使用的不是系统自带的python环境），如下：
(base) [root@server anaconda]# python
Python 3.7.6 (default, Jan 8 2020, 19:59:22)
[GCC 7.3.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
默认是从Python官方下载软件包，但是有的大包下载比较慢，我们可以设置国内下载镜像，我们以清华下载源为例说明：
1）想要永久设置，需要在用户的根目录下创建一个.pip的隐藏文件夹，然后在里面创建一个pip.conf的文件，如下：
(base) [root@server anaconda]# cd ~
(base) [root@server ~]# mkdir .pip
(base) [root@server ~]# cd .pip/
(base) [root@server .pip]# vi pip.conf
2）写入镜像源信息，保存并退出，如下：
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
trusted-host = pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
至此，Anaconda的安装和配置已经完成。
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