unittest之TestCase类使用

1. 为什么使用unitest？

主要用于自动化测试用例的开发和执行，这里的测试则是创建一个测试数据库，当正常结束时，会删掉测试数据库

2. 如何使用unittest

1. 在app下新建test.py文件

2. 导入unittest库

   import unittest

3. 创建类继承TestCase类，eg.

   class GameTest(unittest.TestCase):

4. 在类中定义test开头的方法，即可使用

3. 注意事项

1. 必须要有setUp和tearDown方法

2. self.assertEqual是TestCase里断言的方法，类似于try except

3. 每个测试用例必须要用test开头

4. 当出现post、get、put、delete同时存在时，需要其间顺序

   delete put get post

5. 执行顺序按照ASCII排序

6. 当使用put时，需要注意格式

   response = c.put(url,data=json.dumps({
             "name": "tes1",
             "school": "实验高中"
           }),content_type='application/json')
   # 首先将参数json，其次要写上content_type='application/json'
   

7. 当使用django.contrib.auth.models时，可以快捷给用户添加权限，参考代码

   from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission
   
   self.user = UserProfile.objects.create(username='teacher1')
   self.user.set_password('12345')
   self.user.save()
   pers = Permission.objects.filter(codename__in=['add_userinfo', 'change_userinfo', 'delete_userinfo'])
           for per in pers:
               self.user.user_permissions.add(per)
   

4. 具体使用

import unittest
from django.test import Client

from users.models import UserProfile, StudentProfile
from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission


class StudentTest(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.user = UserProfile.objects.create(username='teacher1')
        self.user.set_password('12345')
        self.user.save()
        pers = Permission.objects.filter(codename__in=['add_studentprofile', 'change_studentprofile', 'delete_studentprofile'])
            for per in pers:
                self.user.user_permissions.add(per)

    # put请求
    def test_02_put_student(self):
        c = Client()
        user = UserProfile.objects.filter().first()
        url = f'/api/student/{user.id}/'
        c.login(username='teacher1', password='12345')
        response = c.put(url,data=json.dumps({
            "name": "小明",
            "school": "实验高中"
        }),content_type='application/json')
        self.assertEqual(json.loads(response.content)["status"], 'ok')
        c.logout()

    # get请求
    def test_03_get_student_list(self):
        c = Client()
        c.login(username='teacher1', password='12345')
        response = c.get('/api/student/',{'page':1, 'page_size':2})
        self.assertEqual(json.loads(response.content)["status"], 'ok')
        c.logout()

    # post请求
    def test_04_post_student(self):
        c = Client()
        c.login(username='teacher1', password='12345')
        response = c.post('/api/student/',{
            "name": "小明",
            "school": "实验高中"
        })
        self.assertEqual(json.loads(response.content)['status'], 'ok')
        c.logout()

    # get请求
    def test_05_get_student_by_id(self):
        c = Client()
        c.login(username='teacher1', password='12345')
        response = c.get('/api/student/',{'id':1})
        self.assertEqual(json.loads(response.content)["status"], 'ok')
        c.logout()

    # delete请求
    def test_01_delete_student(self):
        c = Client()

        c.login(username='teacher1', password='12345')
        user = UserProfile.objects.filter().first()
        url = f'/api/student/{user.id}/'
        response = c.delete(url)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 204)
        c.logout()

    def tearDown(self):
        self.user.delete()

5. 运行命令

#运行测试文件
python -m unittest test_module

#测试单个测试类
python -m unittest test_module.test_class

#测试多个测试类
python -m unittest test_module.test_class test_module2.test_class2

#通配符匹配测试文件执行
python -m unittest -p test*.py 

#显示详细信息
python -m unittest -v test_module

#帮助
python -m unittest -h

#Django
python manage.py test