美文网首页AFNetworking
AFNetworking 让你不再害怕网络请求的库

AFNetworking 让你不再害怕网络请求的库

作者: 东引瓯越 | 来源:发表于2015-10-21 12:17 被阅读1979次

    AFNetworking

    watermark
    项目主页: AFNetworking

    实例下载: 点击下载 (如果XCode不是最新版本,可能需要先删除示例中的 iwatch 相关的 target,才能通过编译.)

    快速上手:

    使用 CocoaPods 安装:

    platform :ios, '7.0'
pod "AFNetworking", "~> 2.0"
结构

    NSURLConnection

    • AFURLConnectionOperation
    • AFHTTPRequestOperation
    • AFHTTPRequestOperationManager

    NSURLSession (iOS 7 / Mac OS X 10.9)

    • AFURLSessionManager
    • AFHTTPSessionManager

    序列化

    • <AFURLRequestSerialization>
    • AFHTTPRequestSerializer
    • AFJSONRequestSerializer
    • AFPropertyListRequestSerializer

    • <AFURLResponseSerialization>
    • AFHTTPResponseSerializer
    • AFJSONResponseSerializer
    • AFXMLParserResponseSerializer
    • AFXMLDocumentResponseSerializer (Mac OS X)
    • AFPropertyListResponseSerializer
    • AFImageResponseSerializer
    • AFCompoundResponseSerializer

    其他功能:

    • AFSecurityPolicy
    • AFNetworkReachabilityManager

    用法:

    网络请求管理:

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager 封装了通过 HTTP 方式与web 应用服务器通信的通用操作, 包括 请求的创建, 服务器响应信息的序列化, 联网状态的监控和 安全.

    GET 请求:

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
[manager GET:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];

    POST 请求: 以URL编码方式提交表单:

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};
[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];

    POST 请求 含有文件上传的表单:

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};
NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];
[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
    [formData appendPartWithFileURL:filePath name:@"image" error:nil];
} success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"Success: %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];

    AFURLSessionManager

    AFURLSessionManager creates and manages an NSURLSession object based on a specified NSURLSessionConfiguration object, which conforms to <NSURLSessionTaskDelegate>, <NSURLSessionDataDelegate>, <NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate>, and <NSURLSessionDelegate>.

    AFURLSessionManager,创建并管理一个 NSURLSession 对象.这个 NSURLSession对象,基于一个指定的NSURLSessionConfiguration对象.NSURLSessionConfiguration 对象,遵循<NSURLSessionTaskDelegate>, <NSURLSessionDataDelegate>, <NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate>, 和 <NSURLSessionDelegate>.协议.

    创建一个下载任务:

    NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/download.zip"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = [manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:nil destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) {
    NSURL *documentsDirectoryURL = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomain:NSUserDomainMask appropriateForURL:nil create:NO error:nil];
    return [documentsDirectoryURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]];
} completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"File downloaded to: %@", filePath);
}];
[downloadTask resume];

    创建一个上传任务:

    NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];
NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject);
    }
}];
[uploadTask resume];

    创建一个单次含有多个信息的有进度指示的上传任务:

    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.jpg"] name:@"file" fileName:@"filename.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg" error:nil];
    } error:nil];

AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];
NSProgress *progress = nil;

NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:request progress:&progress completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
    } else {
        NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);
    }
}];

[uploadTask resume];

    创建一个数据任务:

    NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [manager dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
    } else {
        NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);
    }
}];
[dataTask resume];

    请求序列化

    请求序列化器,通过将请求参数编码为查询字符串或者 HTTP 请求体,来为URL字符串创建请求.

    NSString *URLString = @"http://example.com";
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar", @"baz": @[@1, @2, @3]};

    编码为查询字符串:

    [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil];
GET http://example.com?foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3

    编码为URL表单:

    [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters];
POST http://example.com/
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3

    编码为JSON字符串:

    [[AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters];
POST http://example.com/
Content-Type: application/json

{"foo": "bar", "baz": [1,2,3]}

    联网情况的管理:

    AFNetworkReachabilityManager 监测WWAN和WiFi接口的网络联通行.

    • 不要依据它来决定是否发起网络请求.你应该尝试发送网络请求.
    • 你可以依据它来选择是否自动重新发送请求.即使仍然可能失败,但接到万罗联通性变化的通知时,可能会是一个很好地重试某些操作的时机.
    • 它会是一个很好地判断请求失败的原因的工具.当网络请求失败时,告诉用户他们已经离线,要比告诉他们一些比如”请求超时”一类的准确的错误更好.

    共享的网络联通性:

    [[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
    NSLog(@"Reachability: %@", AFStringFromNetworkReachabilityStatus(status));
}];

[[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] startMonitoring];
基于特定HTTP请求的网络连通性:

NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/"];
AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [[AFHTTPRequestOperationManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL];

NSOperationQueue *operationQueue = manager.operationQueue;
[manager.reachabilityManager setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
    switch (status) {
        case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN:
        case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi:
            [operationQueue setSuspended:NO];
            break;
        case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable:
        default:
            [operationQueue setSuspended:YES];
            break;
    }
}];

[manager.reachabilityManager startMonitoring];

    安全策略:

    AFSecurityPolicy 基于 X.509 数字证书和公钥来确定服务器是否可信.

    往应用中添加证书来组织中间人攻击和其他的漏洞.需要处理敏感的用户数据或者金融信息的应用,强烈建议使用基于配置好并可用的SSL的HTTPS链接来和服务器通信.

    允许无效的 SSL 证书:

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
manager.securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = YES; // 生产环境不建议使用

    AFHTTPRequestOperation:

    AFHTTPRequestOperation 是AFURLConnectionOperation 的子类.AFURLConnectionOperation用于使用HTTP 或 HTTPS的网络请求.AFHTTPRequestOperation封装了可接受的状态码和内容类型,这些信息将用于决定请求成功或者失败.

    尽管 AFHTTPRequestOperationManager 通常是请求数据的最佳方式, AFHTTPRequestOperation 仍然是可以单独使用的.

    使用 AFHTTPRequestOperation 的GET请求:

    NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/resources/123.json"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];
AFHTTPRequestOperation *op = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];
op.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
[op setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];
[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperation:op];

    批量操作:

    NSMutableArray *mutableOperations = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSURL *fileURL in filesToUpload) {
    NSURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileURL name:@"images[]" error:nil];
    }];

    AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];

    [mutableOperations addObject:operation];
}

NSArray *operations = [AFURLConnectionOperation batchOfRequestOperations:@[...] progressBlock:^(NSUInteger numberOfFinishedOperations, NSUInteger totalNumberOfOperations) {
    NSLog(@"%lu of %lu complete", numberOfFinishedOperations, totalNumberOfOperations);
} completionBlock:^(NSArray *operations) {
    NSLog(@"All operations in batch complete");
}];
[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperations:operations waitUntilFinished:NO];

    相关文章

      网友评论

      • iamgaoshuai:创建一个下载任务: [document URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename ]] 路径怎么不存在?

      本文标题：AFNetworking 让你不再害怕网络请求的库

      本文链接：https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/agfthttx.html

      延伸阅读

      深度阅读

      • 您也可以注册成为美文阅读网的作者，发表您的原创作品、分享您的心情！

      栏目导航

      热点阅读

      AFNetworking

      关于我们|服务条款|联系我们|AFNetworking 让你不再害怕网络请求的库|投稿指南|网站地图|RSS订阅|排版工具|手机版

      提供经典美文摘抄,优美散文欣赏,现代诗歌精选,短篇小说,心情随笔,表白情书范文,故事会在线阅读欣赏

      Copyright © 2014-2023 Haomeiwen.com All Rights Reserved. 好美文阅读网 版权所有

      备案信息：桂公网安备 45052102000051号 · 桂ICP备13007215号-3

      本站所收录作品、热点评论等信息部分来源互联网，目的只是为了系统归纳学习和传递资讯

      所有作品版权归原创作者所有，与本站立场无关，如不慎侵犯了你的权益，请联系我们告知，我们将做删除处理！