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iOS底层系列32 -- performSelector方法的探

iOS底层系列32 -- performSelector方法的探

作者: YanZi_33 | 来源:发表于2022-04-02 09:30 被阅读0次

    performSelector方法

    • performSelector在运行时,调用方去找目标方法selector,在编译时不做校验;

    延迟执行 -- 与RunLoop有关

    • 调用performSelector:withObject:afterDelay方法实现延迟执行,底层的本质是会创建NSTimer定时器去执行目标方法selector;
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        [self performSelector:@selector(test) withObject:nil afterDelay:3];
    }
    
    - (void)test {
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
        NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    }
    @end
    
    • 在主线程中,延迟3秒后执行test方法,可以执行成功;
    • 若将performSelector:withObject:afterDelay方法 放在子线程中调用,如下:
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
       
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0), ^{
            [self performSelector:@selector(test) withObject:nil afterDelay:3];
        });
    }
    
    - (void)test {
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
        NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    }
    @end
    
    • 在子线程中调用performSelector:withObject:afterDelay方法 是不会执行test方法的,因为NSTimer定时器依赖于RunLoop才能执行,必须开启子线程的RunLoop,做如下修改:
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
     
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0), ^{
            [self performSelector:@selector(test) withObject:nil afterDelay:3];
            [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
        });
    }
    
    - (void)test {
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
        NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    }
    @end
    

    开启子线程执行任务 -- 与多线程有关

    • performSelector: onThread:withObject: waitUntilDone: 可指定线程执行目标方法任务;
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0), ^{
            NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
            NSLog(@"11111");
            [self performSelector:@selector(test) onThread:[NSThread currentThread] withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
            NSLog(@"22222");
        });
    }
    
    - (void)test {
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
        NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    }
    @end
    
    • 控制台的调试结果如下:
    image.png
    • performSelector发送消息与消息的执行是处于同一个线程的;
    • waitUntilDone参数为Yes,表示test方法必须执行完成,才会执行之后的打印2222,即会阻塞当前线程的继续执行;

    performSelector:方法传递多参数的实现方案

    • 第一种方案:将所有参数放到字典或者数组中,再传递集合即可;
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
    
        NSDictionary *params = @{
            @"name":@"yanzi",
            @"age":@"30"
        };
        [self performSelector:@selector(test:) withObject:params];
    
    }
    
    - (void)test:(NSDictionary *)params {
        NSLog(@"%@--%@",params[@"name"],params[@"age"]);
    }
    @end
    
    • 第二种方案:利用objc_msgSend()进行传递,其可以传递多个参数;
    #import "ViewController.h"
    #import <objc/message.h>
    
    @interface ViewController ()
    
    @end
    
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        
        ((void (*)(id,SEL,NSString *, NSString *, NSString *))objc_msgSend)(self, @selector(testWithParam:param2:param3:),@"111",@"222",@"333");
    }
    
    //有三个参数的方法
    - (void)testWithParam:(NSString *)param1 param2:(NSString *)param2 param3:(NSString *)param3 {
        NSLog(@"param1:%@, param2:%@, param3:%@",param1, param2, param3);
    }
    @end
    
    • 第三种方案:利用NSInvocation进行传递
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        //调用方法
        NSArray *paramArray = @[@"112",@[@2,@13],@12];
        [self performSelector:@selector(testFunctionWithParam:param2:param3:) withObjects:paramArray];
    }
    
    //可以传多个参数的方法
    - (id)performSelector:(SEL)selector withObjects:(NSArray *)objects{
        // 方法签名(方法的描述)
        NSMethodSignature *signature = [[self class] instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:selector];
        if (signature == nil) {
            //可以抛出异常也可以不操作。
        }
        
        //NSInvocation: 利用一个NSInvocation对象包装一次方法调用(方法调用者、方法名、方法参数、方法返回值)
        NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];
        invocation.target = self;
        invocation.selector = selector;
        
        //设置参数
        NSInteger paramsCount = signature.numberOfArguments - 2; // 除self、_cmd以外的参数个数
        paramsCount = MIN(paramsCount, objects.count);
        for (NSInteger i = 0; i < paramsCount; i++) {
            id object = objects[i];
            if ([object isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]]) continue;
            [invocation setArgument:&object atIndex:i + 2];
        }
        
        //调用方法
        [invocation invoke];
        
        //获取返回值
        id returnValue = nil;
        if (signature.methodReturnLength) { // 有返回值类型,才去获得返回值
            [invocation getReturnValue:&returnValue];
        }
        return returnValue;
    }
    
    //要调用的方法
    - (void)testFunctionWithParam:(NSString *)param1 param2:(NSArray *)param2 param3:(NSInteger)param3 {
        NSLog(@"param1:%@, param2:%@, param3:%ld",param1, param2, param3);
    }
    @end
    

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