英文论文的abstract写在论文的标题与作者后,是非常重要的一个部分。好的abstract要能很好的概括整篇文章的大意,具有简洁、一致、完整、客观的特性,单词数最好在250左右。
1.abstract的组成
Background(背景),主要介绍一些研究的背景知识,指出存在的问题,引出做这个研究的目的。
——(错误)This study will investigate the relationship between coffee consumption and productivity.
——(正确)This study investigates the relationship between coffee consumption and productivity.
Method(方法),主要介绍实验所采用的具体方法。
——(错误)Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 25 participants.
——(正确)Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants.
Results(实验结果),这里写实验得到的直接结果。
——(错误)Our analysis has shown a strong correlation between coffee consumption and productivity.
——(正确)Our analysis shows a strong correlation between coffee consumption and productivity.
——(正确)Our analysis showed was a strong correlation between coffee consumption and productivity.
Conclusion(结论),根据结果,得到有用的结论,证明实验的意义。
——(错误)We concluded that coffee consumption increases productivity.
——(正确)We conclude that coffee consumption increases productivity.
2. abstract的技巧
比较实用的写作方法是从论文的各个部分(Introduction、Methods、Conclusion、Discussion)选出关键句或者短语,再添加连接词将他们连接起来,基本上就能得到一篇不错的摘要。
摘要部分尽量使用主动语态,时态则是以一般过去时为主,部分涉及到已经完成的动作可以使用过去完成时,得出结论可以使用一般现在时。
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