Django生产环境部署

本文介绍了Django+uwsgi+Nginx部署web项目的生产环境

1.首先要有一个可以正常运行的django项目。在settings.py中设置

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

运行django

python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000

2.pip安装uwsgi。安装完成后，运行uwsgi，查看uwsgi命令是否在可执行路径下。

pip install uwsgi

3.在django项目下新建myuwsgi.ini文件（任意文件名都可以）

[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings

socket = 127.0.0.1:9090

# the base directory (full path)
chdir           = /home/django_project    #这里是项目的路径

# Django s wsgi file
module          =django_project _name.wsgi  

# process-related settings
# master
master          = true

# maximum number of worker processes
processes       = 4

# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
# chmod-socket    = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum          = true

在shell中执行：

uwsgi --ini myuwsgi.ini

此时uwsgi开始监听9090端口
ps:如果实在不想配置nginx的话，单uwsgi就已经能完成部署了（把socket换成http），你可以把Django中的静态文件放到云平台中如七牛等等，这样你的Web也能被正常访问。

4.配置nginx

nginx默认会读取/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件中的配置，修改其配置如下:

http {
...
server {
    # the port your site will be served on
    listen      80;
    # the domain name it will serve for
    server_name 127.0.0.1; # 服务器的ip地址
    charset     utf-8;

    # max upload size
    client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

    # Django media，如果django中没有media，就不要配置
    location /media  {
        alias /home/django_project/media;  # your Django project's media files - amend as required
    }

    location /static {
        alias /home/django_project/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
    }

    # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
    location / {
        include     uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090;
    }
}
}

重启nginx

nginx -s reload
service nginx restart

大体的流程是：nginx作为服务器最前端，负责接收client的所有请求，统一管理。静态请求由Nginx自己处理。非静态请求通过uwsgi传递给Django，由Django来进行处理，从而完成一次WEB请求。

通信原理是：

the web client <-> the web server(nginx) <->[80] the socket[9090] <-> uwsgi <->调用django wsgi<->Django