README.md

作者: zhengrq | 来源:发表于2017-10-27 15:58 被阅读0次

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Initialization
如何把本地已有的项目传到服务器或某代码托管平台
git的使用
GitHub ReadME.md Grammar
使用Git向GitHub添加文件
GitHub上README.md教程
Git区分文件名大小写
用README为Github生成项目主页
DOL——readme

1. Introduction

Dandified Yum (DNF) is the next upcoming major version of Yum. It does package management using RPM, libsolv and hawkey libraries. For metadata handling and package downloads it utilizes librepo. To process and effectively handle the comps data it uses libcomps.

Because after yocto2.3, rpm5 and smart are replaced by rpm4 and dnf, so the package management tool(dnf) in yocto need to be developed, and it is called dnf-yocto.

2. Overview

In order to manage packages in yocto, the following functions need to be developed.

dnf command line functions
dnf GUI functions

The dnf-yocto can be used both in host(a x86 PC with Linux) and target(a arm-soc board) environment.

3. Usage of dnf-yocto

3.1 In host

3.1.1 Prepare the rpm repo

$ ls /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/
repodata  rpm

If you want to mange spdx or srpm, you should also create spdx or srpm repo.

$ ls /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/
repodata  rpm  spdx_repo  srpm_repo

3.1.2 Install and source toolchain

$ sh poky-glibc-x86_64-meta-toolchain-i586-toolchain-2.3.1.sh
$ . /opt/poky/2.3.1/environment-setup-i586-poky-linux

After this operation, you can use dnf command in your host, but it is just a bare dnf, we need some set up to use it more convenient.

3.1.3 Initialize the environment

$ dnf-host init
The repo directory: (default:/home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo).
Is this ok?[y/N]:
y
repo directory: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo
The rootfs destination directory: (default: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs).
Is this ok?[y/N]:
y
rootfs destination directory: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs
The SPDX repo directory: (default: file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/spdx_repo).
Is this ok?[y/N]:
y
SPDX repo directory: file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/spdx_repo
The SPDX file destination directory: (default: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/spdx_download).
Is this ok?[y/N]:
y
SPDX file destination directory: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/spdx_download
The SRPM repo directory: (default: file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/srpm_repo).
Is this ok?[y/N]:
y
SRPM repo directory: file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/srpm_repo
The SRPM file destination directory: (default: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/srpm_download).
Is this ok?[y/N]:
y
SRPM file destination directory: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/srpm_download

3.1.4 Use dnf-host to do command

In the new environment, you can use dnf-host instead of bare dnf command.

$ dnf-host info bash
Added oe-repo repo from file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo
Last metadata expiration check: 21:29:17 ago on Mon Oct 16 17:17:07 2017 UTC.
Installed Packages
Name         : bash
Version      : 4.3.30
Release      : r0
Arch         : i586
Size         : 1.0 M
Source       : bash-4.3.30-r0.src.rpm
Repo         : @System
From repo    : oe-repo
Summary      : An sh-compatible command language interpreter
URL          : http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/bashtop.html
License      : GPLv3+
Description  : An sh-compatible command language interpreter.

[zhengrq@localhost dnf_test]$ dnf-host install base-files
Added oe-repo repo from file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo
Last metadata expiration check: 21:31:41 ago on Mon Oct 16 17:17:07 2017 UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
=======================================================================================
 Package                     Arch       Version                       Repository  Size
=======================================================================================
Installing:
 base-files                  qemux86    3.0.14-r89                    oe-repo     12 k
Installing dependencies:
 bash                        i586       4.3.30-r0                     oe-repo    482 k
 libc6                       i586       2.25-r0                       oe-repo    1.5 M
 libtinfo5                   i586       6.0+20161126-r0               oe-repo     67 k
 update-alternatives-opkg    i586       0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0      oe-repo    8.2 k

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================
Install  5 Packages

Total size: 2.0 M
Installed size: 4.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Installing  : update-alternatives-opkg-0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0.i586             1/5
  Installing  : libc6-2.25-r0.i586                                                 2/5
  Installing  : libtinfo5-6.0+20161126-r0.i586                                     3/5
  Installing  : bash-4.3.30-r0.i586                                                4/5
grep: /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs/etc/shells: No such file or directory
update-alternatives: Linking /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs/bin/bash to /bin/bash.bash
update-alternatives: Linking /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs/bin/sh to /bin/bash.bash
  Installing  : base-files-3.0.14-r89.qemux86                                      5/5
  Verifying   : base-files-3.0.14-r89.qemux86                                      1/5
  Verifying   : bash-4.3.30-r0.i586                                                2/5
  Verifying   : libc6-2.25-r0.i586                                                 3/5
  Verifying   : libtinfo5-6.0+20161126-r0.i586                                     4/5
  Verifying   : update-alternatives-opkg-0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0.i586             5/5

Installed:
  base-files.qemux86 3.0.14-r89
  bash.i586 4.3.30-r0
  libc6.i586 2.25-r0
  libtinfo5.i586 6.0+20161126-r0
  update-alternatives-opkg.i586 0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0

Complete!

3.1.5 Use new add command in dnf-yocto

(1) Modify the config file of dnf

[zhengrq@localhost dnf_test]$ cat rootfs/etc/dnf/dnf.conf
[main]
spdx_repodir=file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/spdx_repo
spdx_download=/home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/spdx_download
srpm_repodir=file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo/srpm_repo
srpm_download=/home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/srpm_download

①　spdx_repodir/srpm_repodir：the path spdx/srpm repo
　　　　　　　　　　　local：start with file://
　　　　　　　　　　　remote：start with http://
②　spdx_download/srpm_download：download path of spdx/srpm file

(2) Usage of --with-spdx and --with-srpm

[zhengrq@localhost dnf_test]$ dnf-host install --with-spdx bash
Added oe-repo repo from file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo
Last metadata expiration check: 21:35:52 ago on Mon Oct 16 17:17:07 2017 UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
=======================================================================================
 Package                     Arch       Version                       Repository  Size
=======================================================================================
Installing:
 bash                        i586       4.3.30-r0                     oe-repo    482 k
Installing dependencies:
 base-files                  qemux86    3.0.14-r89                    oe-repo     12 k
 libc6                       i586       2.25-r0                       oe-repo    1.5 M
 libtinfo5                   i586       6.0+20161126-r0               oe-repo     67 k
 update-alternatives-opkg    i586       0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0      oe-repo    8.2 k

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================
Install  5 Packages

Total size: 2.0 M
Installed size: 4.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Installing  : update-alternatives-opkg-0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0.i586             1/5
  Installing  : base-files-3.0.14-r89.qemux86                                      2/5
  Installing  : libc6-2.25-r0.i586                                                 3/5
  Installing  : libtinfo5-6.0+20161126-r0.i586                                     4/5
  Installing  : bash-4.3.30-r0.i586                                                5/5
update-alternatives: Linking /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs/bin/bash to /bin/bash.bash
update-alternatives: Linking /home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/rootfs/bin/sh to /bin/bash.bash
  Verifying   : bash-4.3.30-r0.i586                                                1/5
  Verifying   : base-files-3.0.14-r89.qemux86                                      2/5
  Verifying   : libc6-2.25-r0.i586                                                 3/5
  Verifying   : libtinfo5-6.0+20161126-r0.i586                                     4/5
  Verifying   : update-alternatives-opkg-0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0.i586             5/5

Installed:
  bash.i586 4.3.30-r0
  base-files.qemux86 3.0.14-r89
  libc6.i586 2.25-r0
  libtinfo5.i586 6.0+20161126-r0
  update-alternatives-opkg.i586 0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d-r0

spdx file: base-files-3.0.14.spdx does not exist.....
bash-4.3.30.spdx copy is OK.
spdx file: glibc-2.25.spdx does not exist.....
spdx file: ncurses-6.0+20161126.spdx does not exist.....
spdx file: opkg-utils-0.3.4+git0+1a708fd73d.spdx does not exist.....
Complete!

[zhengrq@localhost dnf_test]$ ls spdx_download/
bash-4.3.30.spdx

--with-srpm is the same as --with-spdx

(3) Usage of fetchspdx and fetchsrpm

[zhengrq@localhost dnf_test]$ dnf-host fetchspdx bash
Added oe-repo repo from file:///home/zhengrq/workdir/dnf_test/oe_repo
Last metadata expiration check: 21:37:13 ago on Mon Oct 16 17:17:07 2017 UTC.
bash-4.3.30.spdx copy is OK.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!

[zhengrq@localhost dnf_test]$ ls spdx_download/
bash-4.3.30.spdx

fetchsrpm is the same as fetchspdx

3.2 In target

3.2.1 Set up the repodata of yum

First you need a http server with yum repo to access

[root@localhost target]# cat etc/yum.repos.d/Base.repo
[base]
name=myrepo
baseurl=http://192.168.65.144/oe_repo/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

Here 192.168.65.144 is the ip of http server

3.2.2 Modify the config file of dnf

Here is a example, the mean of each key is the say of host

[root@localhost target]# cat etc/dnf/dnf.conf
[main]
gpgcheck=1
installonly_limit=3
clean_requirements_on_remove=True
spdx_repodir=http://192.168.65.144/oe_repo/spdx_repo
spdx_download=/home/root/spdx_download
srpm_repodir=http://192.168.65.144/oe_repo/srpm_repo
srpm_download=/home/root/srpm_download

3.2.3 Usage of dnf in target

The usage of dnf in target is the same of in host, just use dnf instead of dnf-host, for example:

dnf-host list/dnf list
......
sed-locale-hu.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-id.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-it.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-ja.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-ko.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-nb.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-nl.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-pl.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-pt.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-pt-br.i586                    4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-ro.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-ru.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-sk.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-sl.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-sr.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-sv.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-tr.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-uk.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-vi.i586                       4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-zh-cn.i586                    4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-locale-zh-tw.i586                    4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sed-ptest.i586                           4.2.2-r0         oe-repo      GPLv3+
sln.i586                                 2.25-r0          oe-repo      GPLv2 & LGPLv2.1
sqlite3.i586                             3:3.17.0-r0      oe-repo      PD
sqlite3-dbg.i586                         3:3.17.0-r0      oe-repo      PD
tzcode.i586                              2.25-r0          oe-repo      GPLv2 & LGPLv2.1

4. Documentation

If you want to know more knowledge about dnf, read the documentation of dnf.
The DNF package distribution contains man pages, dnf(8) and dnf.conf(8). It is also possible to read the DNF documentationonline, the page includes API documentation. There's also a wiki meant for contributors to DNF and related projects.

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