CoreData 查询数据

1. NSFetchRequest

resultType

• NSManagedObjectResultType
• NSCountResultType
• NSDictionaryResultType
• NSManagedObjectIDResultType

其中默认属性为NSManagedObjectResultType

NSManagedObjectResultType

NSManagedObjectResultType是NSFetchRequest 的默认属性，执行查询后，数组里每个元素，就是NSFetchRequest 对应的NSManagedObject对象。

    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest =  [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Doge"];
    //默认就为NSManagedObjectResultType
    //fetchRequest.resultType = NSManagedObjectResultType;
    NSArray *result = [_context executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];
    //这里数组的元素为Doge对象

NSCountResultType

NSCountResultType执行查询后，返回的数组，包含一个对象，NSNmber.

    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest =  [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Doge"];
    fetchRequest.resultType = NSCountResultType;
    NSArray *result = [_context executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];
    //这里数组的元素为 NSNumber ，一般数组只有一个元素
    if ([result count] > 0){
        NSInteger count = [[results objectAtIndex:0] integerValue];
    }

NSDictionaryResultType

NSDictionaryResultType 顾名思义，是返回一个字典，除了设置fetchRequest.resultType,还需要设置fetchRequest.propertiesToFetch

NSManagedObjectIDResultType

返回唯一标识

Prior to iOS 5, fetching by ID was popular because NSManagedObjectID is thread-safe and using it helped developers implement the thread confinement concurrency model. Now that thread confinement has been deprecated in favor of more modern concurrency models, there’s little reason to fetch by object ID anymore.

2. NSPredicate

The NSPredicate class is used to define logical conditions used to constrain a search either for a fetch or for in-memory filtering.

NSFetchRequest 支持使用谓词来作为，查询筛选条件

    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest =  [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Doge"];
    fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Doge"];
    fetchRequest.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"age > 5"];
    NSArray *result = [_context executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];

3. NSSortDescriptor

除了使用支持使用谓词，NSFetchRequest 还支持使用NSSortDescriptor 进行排序

   NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest =  [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Doge"];
    NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES];
    fetchRequest.sortDescriptors = @[sortDescriptor];
    
    NSArray *result = [_context executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];

4. NSAsynchronousFetchRequest

NSFetchRequest 是同步查询的，CoreData 也提供了异步查询的类NSAsynchronousFetchRequest,它通过一个 block ，将数据异步返回，注意，查询方法使用的是 -executeRequest:error:

    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest =  [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Doge"];
    NSAsynchronousFetchRequest *asyncFetchRequest = [[NSAsynchronousFetchRequest alloc] initWithFetchRequest:fetchRequest completionBlock:^(NSAsynchronousFetchResult * _Nonnull results) {
        NSLog(@"%@",results);
    }];
    [_context executeRequest:asyncFetchRequest error:nil];