Activity：Outdoors

活动：户外

Jan Gehl,in his book Life Between Buildings:Using Public Space,divides outdoor activity into three categories:necessary,optional,and social.

扬·盖尔在他的著作《建筑之间的生活》写到：将使用公共空间的户外活动分为三类：必要的，自主的和社交的活动。

Necessary outdoor activity includes going to work or school, waiting for a bus, and running errands in general.The frequency of everyday tasks that individuals must do, such as shopping，is only slightly dictated by the physical environment.These activities will occur year-round,in all conditions, as the participant has no choice.

必要的户外活动包括上班或上学，等公交车以及一般的通勤。人们每天必须做的日常任务的发生频率，例如购物，受到物理环境的影响很小。这些活动将在所有条件下全年发生，因为参与者别无选择。

When the quality of the environment is good, individuals will often linger and take their time while doing a necessary activity.But if the environment is unengaging or of poor quitliy,only the necessary activity will occur.

当环境质量良好时，人们常常会在进行必要的活动的同时时徘徊并花费更多的时间。但是，如果环境不适应或者质量很差，那么只会发生必要性的活动。

Optional outdoor activity includes activities that one does if one has the time and if the place makes it possible and comfortable.These are activities such as recreational walking, sitting on a park bencher sunbathing.These occur only under optimal conditions, and are not undertaken when weather or physical conditions are not conducive.Most activities that are especially pleasant to pursue outdoors, such as rollerblading or skateboarding ,fall into this optional category and are dependent on the physical environment and other quality-of-life factors.

自主的户外活动是那些如果人们有时间，环境提供了可能性，同时也舒适的时候就会发生的那些活动。这些活动包括休闲散步，坐在公园长椅上晒日光浴。这些活动只会在最佳条件下发生，如果天气或物理条件不合适就不会发生。大多数在户外特别愉快的活动，例如轮滑或滑板，属于这个可选类别，并且取决于物理环境和其他生活质量因素。

Social outdoor activities require the presence of others and a public space, and include children at play, adults in conversation, and communal activities.The most common and popular of these activities is what Gehl calls passive contacts,referring to watching and hearing other people.

户外的社交活动需要有其他人的在场和公共空间的存在，然后有小孩在游戏，大人在谈话，以及其他的公共活动。这些活动中最常见和最流行的是盖尔所说的被动式的接触，包括对他人的观看和倾听。