kubeadm部署Kubernetes 1.15
资源准备
| 节点角色 | 系统版本 | CPU | 内存 | ip地址 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| master | Centos7.6/64位 | >=2C | >=2G | 192.168.105.10 |
| node1 | Centos7.6/64位 | >=2C | >=2G | 192.168.105.11 |
| node2 | Centos7.6/64位 | >=2C | >=2G | 192.168.105.12 |
| node3 | Centos7.6/64位 | >=2C | >=2G | 192.168.105.13 |
环境准备
注意：在所有节点进行如下操作
- 设置hostname，node节点对应设置即可
hostnamectl set-hostname master
- 编辑 /etc/hosts 文件，添加域名解析。
cat <<EOF >>/etc/hosts
192.168.105.10 master
192.168.105.11 node1
192.168.105.12 node2
192.168.105.13 node3
EOF
- 关闭防火墙、selinux、swap。
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i "s/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
swapoff -a
sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
- 配置内核参数，将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
- 配置国内yum源
yum install -y wget
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak && mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum clean all && yum makecache
- 配置国内Kubernetes源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
- 配置 docker 源
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
软件安装
注意：在所有节点操作
- 安装docker
- docker服务为容器运行提供计算资源，是所有容器运行的基本平台。
yum install -y docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
docker version
- 安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
- Kubelet负责与其他节点集群通信，并进行本节点Pod和容器生命周期的管理。Kubeadm是Kubernetes的自动化部署工具，降低了部署难度，提高效率。Kubectl是Kubernetes集群管理工具。
yum install -y kubelet-1.15.0 kubeadm-1.15.0 kubectl-1.15.0
systemctl enable kubelet
部署Master节点服务
注意：仅仅在master节点操作
- 在master进行Kubernetes集群初始化。
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.15.0 \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.105.10 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--service-cidr=10.233.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
--ignore-preflight-errors=all \
--token-ttl=0
定义POD的网段为: 10.244.0.0/16， api server地址就是master本机IP地址。
这一步很关键，由于kubeadm 默认从官网k8s.grc.io下载所需镜像，国内无法访问，因此需要通过–image-repository指定阿里云镜像仓库地址，很多新手初次部署都卡在此环节无法进行后续配置。
集群初始化成功后返回如下信息：
记录生成的最后部分内容，此内容需要在其它节点加入Kubernetes集群时执行。
kubeadm join 192.168.105.10:6443 --token ds40sk.3fmv5gr0g1a3j3ui \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:056eaec84864754de11d50e1b600d378c209b1c5ec786d3b774b241f01577b52
- 配置kubectl工具
mkdir -p /root/.kube
cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config
kubectl get nodes
部署flannel网络
注意：在所有节点操作
docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.9.1-amd64
mkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d/
cat <<EOF> /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conf
{"name":"cbr0","type":"flannel","delegate": {"isDefaultGateway": true}}
EOF
mkdir /usr/share/oci-umount/oci-umount.d -p
mkdir /run/flannel/
cat <<EOF> /run/flannel/subnet.env
FLANNEL_NETWORK=10.244.0.0/16
FLANNEL_SUBNET=10.244.0.1/24
FLANNEL_MTU=1450
FLANNEL_IPMASQ=true
EOF
注意：在master节点启动
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/v0.9.1/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
部署Dashboard
注意：在master节点操作
- 修改镜像地址
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
sed -i 's@k8s.gcr.io@registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers@g' kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
k8s.gcr.io 修改为 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers，后续所有 yaml 文件中，只要涉及到 image 的，都需要做同样的修改，因为国内 k8s.gcr.io 这个地址被墙了。
- 修改对外暴露的端口
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- 修改为
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30000
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
type: NodePort
- 创建登录令牌
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
- 获取toten对应的值：
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.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.d3kHjYm1yYw1wEnFoIepMSm9VXdkxmFImxx6I6znk4cMRxPN_6kb-omJT4-8Xpsd5zbiLmT5pfbqs6qPuRgtjasyoo1bLhYdup7v9Q3_0XeFCQ9NVhTUC70VEielm2GRbPmew2Cr-Wou2QRvyqmVIy3OUpDIA5Ag8wKM-Wbiu9j14qsJomZ4EacwEiImw5qREMQVFzhtX8FDPvX7JqCVvJ2aqTQQrGV9bWAu88BoLGA3kD9YSUgZ3OdzfFEjRsSMQg4s_ZfZE2qGv_aKHxuZb9-EJX-GVai0CnX7GAwpSIG1sT_d99PnxxZE9g4C8gE2VJjr9fAUYOJc3qJemGhbWQ
- 查看Dashboard的pod运行再哪个node上
# master节点
[root@master yaml]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
......
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-86844cc55f-fgvnj 1/1 Running 0 8m33s
......
[root@master yaml]# kubectl describe pod kubernetes-dashboard-86844cc55f-fgvnj -n kube-system
......
Node: node1/192.168.105.11
......
- 打开地址：https://192.168.105.11:30000
- 选择令牌输入上面的toten，如下即可
m_3017662075561b62f099605da455e13f_r.png
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