练习材料：

L38-2: The first calendar

Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths. The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C. By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able to read this difficult code. They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon. It is, in fact, a primitive type of calendar. It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls were not simply a form of artistic expression. They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing. It is possible that there is a definite relation between these paintings and the markings that sometimes accompany them. It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.

/hɪˈstɔriənz/ /hæv/ /lɔŋ/ /bɪn/ /ˈpʌzəld/ /baɪ/ /dɑts/, /laɪnz/ /ænd/ /ˈsɪmbəlz/ /wɪʧ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ɪnˈgreɪvd/ /ɑn/ /wɔlz/, /boʊnz/, /ænd/ /ði/ /ˈaɪvəri/ /tʌsks/ /ʌv/ /ˈmæməθs/. /ðə/ /ˈnoʊˌmædz/ /hu/ /meɪd/ /ðiz/ /ˈmɑrkɪŋz/ /laɪvd/ /baɪ/ /ˈhʌntɪŋ/ /ænd/ /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ /ˈdʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /læst/ /aɪs/ /eɪʤ/ /wɪʧ/ /bɪˈgæn/ /əˈbaʊt/ 35,000 /bi/./si/. /ænd/ /ˈɛndəd/ /əˈbaʊt/ 10,000 /bi/./si/. /baɪ/ /ˈkɔrəleɪtɪŋ/ /ˈmɑrkɪŋz/ /meɪd/ /ɪn/ /ˈvɛriəs/ /pɑrts/ /ʌv/ /ðə/ /wɜrld/, /hɪˈstɔriənz/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈeɪbəl/ /tu/ /rid/ /ðɪs/ /ˈdɪfəkəlt/ /koʊd/. /ðeɪ/ /hæv/ /faʊnd/ /ðæt/ /ɪt/ /ɪz/ /kəˈnɛktəd/ /wɪð/ /ðə/ /ˈpæsəʤ/ /ʌv/ /deɪz/ /ænd/ /ðə/ /ˈfeɪzəz/ /ʌv/ /ðə/ /mun/. /ɪt/ /ɪz/, /ɪn/ /fækt/, /ə/ /ˈprɪmətɪv/ /taɪp/ /ʌv/ /ˈkæləndər/. /ɪt/ /hæz/ /lɔŋ/ /bɪn/ /noʊn/ /ðæt/ /ðə/ /ˈhʌntɪŋ/ /sinz/ /dɪˈpɪktəd/ /ɑn/ /wɔlz/ /wɜr/ /nɑt/ /ˈsɪmpli/ /ə/ /fɔrm/ /ʌv/ /ɑrˈtɪstɪk/ /ɪkˈsprɛʃən/. /ðeɪ/ /hæd/ /ə/ /ˈdɛfənət/ /ˈminɪŋ/, /fɔr/ /ðeɪ/ /wɜr/ /æz/ /nɪr/ /æz/ /ˈɜrli/ /mən/ /kʊd/ /gɛt/ /tu/ /ˈraɪtɪŋ/. /ɪt/ /ɪz/ /ˈpɑsəbəl/ /ðæt/ /ðɛr/ /ɪz/ /ə/ /ˈdɛfənət/ /riˈleɪʃən/ /bɪˈtwin/ /ðiz/ /ˈpeɪntɪŋz/ /ænd/ /ðə/ /ˈmɑrkɪŋz/ /ðæt/ /səmˈtaɪmz/ /əˈkʌmpəni/ /ðɛm/. /ɪt/ /simz/ /ðæt/ /mən/ /wʌz/ /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/ /ə/ /riəl/ /ˈɛfərt/ /tu/ /ˌʌndərˈstænd/ /ðə/ /ˈsizənz/ 20,000 /jɪrz/ /ˈɜrliər/ /ðæn/ /hæz/ /bɪn/ /səˈpoʊzd/.

任务配置：L0+L4

知识笔记：

engrave /ɪnˈgreɪv/ v.(在金属、木头、玻璃等上)雕刻(文字或图案)

ivory /ˈaɪvəri/ n.a yellowish white colour 象牙色

yellowish adj.slightly yellow 微黄的

tusk /tʌsk/ n.獠牙

mammoth /ˈmæməθ/ n.猛犸，毛象

nomad /ˈnoʊˌmæd/ n.游牧民(单数)

correlate /ˈkɔrəleɪt/v.使相关联

primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv/ adj.原始的

scene /sin/ n.(某个地方或图画中的)景象

depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ v.描写，描述

hunting /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

ivory tusks of mammoths长毛象的象牙

dot n.小圆点

symbol n.符号

have long been puzzled by...被......长期困扰

hunting scene 狩猎图

accompany v.共存

make a real effort 致力于

Ice Age 冰川时期

parts of the world 世界各地

passage of days 昼夜更迭

phases of the moon 月亮圆缺

练习感悟：

Never leave the things until tomorrow you can do today.日事日毕。