Cent OS 搭建python 运行环境

设置镜像源

1、备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

2、下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/

CentOS 5

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

或者

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

CentOS 6

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

或者

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

CentOS 7

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

或者

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

3、之后运行yum makecache生成缓存

yum makecache

PYthon3安装

1. 安装开发工具包

# 安装开发工具
yum groupinstall "development tools" 
# 装一些依赖包
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel expat-devel

2. 下载python3压缩包

# https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-363/ 有下载地址
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tgz
# 或者在windnows下下载好，拉到linux中

3. 解压

#
tar -xvf Python-3.6.3.tgz
# 进入到目录
cd Python-3.6.3

4. 源码安装 三步走

# 配置
./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=/usr/local/python
# 编译
make
#安装
make install
# 可以合成一步 make && make install

5. 如何执行python3

# 第一种方式 创建软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

# 设置成 /usr/local/python/bin 设置成环境变量

修改pip源

建议在国内都将豆瓣源添加为pip的镜像源。

方法：

在家目录下创建一个.pip目录，然后在这个目录下创建pip.conf文件

pip.conf文件内容：

[global]
timeout = 60
index-url = https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple
[list]
format=columns

virtualenv 使用

1. 安装

   pip3 install virtualenv
   

2. 创建

   virtualenv –p /usr/local/python/bin/python3.6 shop
   

3. 激活 让虚拟环境生效

   source /root/shop/bin/activate
   

4. 退出

   deactivate
   

ipython 安装

pip3 install ipython