前言
上一篇文章我们研究了SF的初始化。但是还有一个很大也是核心的模块没有聊到,那就是HAL层对应的初始化。什么是HAL层,有简单的话来讲就是硬件驱动和软件之间的中间层,为了更好的兼容Android系统而诞生。
在Android 8.0之后会涉及应用开发及其少接触的一个新类型文件.hal文件。本质上.hal和.aidl文件十分相似,设计初衷和aidl也很相似。aidl为的是Android跨进程通信,而.hal则是为了让android软件层和硬件层通信而做的隔离,因此这种交互方式又称为HIDL。
闲话不多说,我们先来看看hal文件的用法之后,再去看看SF中IComposer,IComposerClient中都做了什么事情。
如果遇到什么问题可以来本文讨论:https://www.jianshu.com/p/8e29c3d9b27a
正文
在Android 8.0之后,Google为了各大手机厂商的方便,执行了一个名为Treble计划,其目的就是为了让各大手机厂商和硬件商能够在最小代价在Android系统升级的时候,能快速更新硬件相关的特性。
hal的升级历程.png大致可以把hal层的历史分为如下3个时期:
-
1.Legacy Hal:Android 8.0 之前版本的 HAL 都是编译成 so,然后动态链接到各个 frameworks service 中去。
-
2.Passthrough Hal:该模式是为了兼容旧版的 HAL,旧版 HAL 实现仍以动态库的方式提供,只是 binder service 链接了动态库 HAL 实现,即 binder service 通过 hw_get_module 链接了旧版的 hal 实现,而用户端通过与 binder service IPC 通信,间接实现了与旧版 HAL 的交互。
-
3.Binderized HAL:HAL 与 用户调用在不同的进程中,HAL 被写成 binder service,而用户接口如 frameworks 作为 binder client 通过 IPC 机制实现跨进程接口调用。这个是 Google 的最终设计目标。
能看到,从历史来看,整个hal层的隔离越来越厉害,越来越接近AIDL的方向设计。因此,Google选择和AIDL的方式,构建一个hal文件,让硬件商和系统只需要关注暴露在hal文件中接口的逻辑即可。
注意一下,这里面的binder 并非是我之前分析的那个Binder,而是hwBinder,不过代码和原理是一摸一样。不过前者负责进程间通信,hwBinder则负责硬件进程和上层进程的通信。
这样设计其实很简单,如果阅读过我的Binder源码解析就能明白,Binder中有一套复杂的事务传输逻辑,如果把硬件驱动也接进来,就没办法达到软件可以快速响应硬件回调或者软件调用硬件。
为了更好的理解HIDL语言,我们可以完全把它当作AIDL这种语言进行类比学习。
本文重点不是hidl的原理,只是作为基础知识和大家介绍。具体的细节,有机会再和大家聊聊。
hal文件介绍
我们就以IComposer.hal为例子,先来看看2.1版本。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposer.hal
package android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1;
import IComposerClient;
interface IComposer {
enum Capability : int32_t {
INVALID = 0,
SIDEBAND_STREAM = 1,
SKIP_CLIENT_COLOR_TRANSFORM = 2,
PRESENT_FENCE_IS_NOT_RELIABLE = 3,
};
@entry
@exit
@callflow(next="*")
getCapabilities() generates (vec<Capability> capabilities);
@entry
@exit
@callflow(next="*")
dumpDebugInfo() generates (string debugInfo);
@entry
@callflow(next="*")
createClient() generates (Error error, IComposerClient client);
};
能看到在hal文件中,只能注意的是,我上一篇文章聊到的createClient方法,创建一个IComposerClient对象返回上层。
能看到实际上和aidl十分相似不是吗。当我们把它类比成aidl就特别好理解了。一般的,编写了一个hal文件之后,就需要使用hidl-gen工具,类似aidl一样生成一个真正的cpp文件,里面包含着真正的跨进程通信逻辑,以及相关的接口文件。
当我们写好hal文件之后,并且通过hidl-gen生成的文件中实现接口后,写好Android.bp文件。大致上能得到类似的目录:
image.png
当然这是composer 2.2版本,不过从大体设计看来差距不是很大。
一般的会在default子目录编写好入口方法:
image.png
能看到2.2版本下只剩下一个service.cpp。我们再看看2.1版本又是如何:
image.png
能看到2.1版本中,多了一个cpp文件passthrough。顾名思义,passthrough就是直通模式,service就是binder service模式。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/default/Android.bp
cc_library_shared {
name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-impl",
defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
vendor: true,
relative_install_path: "hw",
srcs: ["passthrough.cpp"],
header_libs: [
"android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-passthrough",
],
shared_libs: [
"android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
"libbase",
"libcutils",
"libfmq",
"libhardware",
"libhidlbase",
"libhidltransport",
"liblog",
"libsync",
"libutils",
"libhwc2on1adapter",
"libhwc2onfbadapter",
],
cflags: [
"-DLOG_TAG=\"ComposerHal\""
],
}
cc_binary {
name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-service",
defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
vendor: true,
relative_install_path: "hw",
srcs: ["service.cpp"],
init_rc: ["android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-service.rc"],
shared_libs: [
"android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
"libbinder",
"libhidlbase",
"libhidltransport",
"liblog",
"libsync",
"libutils",
],
}
能看到这个bp文件中,有两个cc编译工具,一个是以passthrough.cpp为入口,一个是以service.cpp为入口。也就是说,不同的模式启动Composer,将会打包进不同的入口。
值得注意的一点是,在share_libs一行中已经打包进了实现的so文件android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1 以及 图元申请工具android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/Android.bp
hidl_interface {
name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
root: "android.hardware",
vndk: {
enabled: true,
},
srcs: [
"types.hal",
"IComposer.hal",
"IComposerCallback.hal",
"IComposerClient.hal",
],
interfaces: [
"android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
"android.hidl.base@1.0",
],
types: [
"Error",
],
gen_java: false,
}
就能看到这个时候就看是引入了我们之前写入的hal文件。在整个Composer的HAL层包含了三个文件,一个在Composer中的是IComposer对象,一个是IComposerClient对象,还有一个是实现了IComposerCallback进行监听刷新屏幕热插拔的ComposerCallbackBridge。全部都囊括在内。
当我们选择的是直通模式,将会到下面这个android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-passthrough实现中,而这个对应的bp如下:
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/passthrough/Android.bp
cc_library_headers {
name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-passthrough",
defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
vendor: true,
shared_libs: [
"libhardware",
"libhwc2on1adapter",
"libhwc2onfbadapter",
],
export_shared_lib_headers: [
"libhardware",
"libhwc2on1adapter",
"libhwc2onfbadapter",
],
header_libs: [
"android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-hal",
],
export_header_lib_headers: [
"android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-hal",
],
export_include_dirs: ["include"],
}
能看到进一步的引入了hal,以及compser2.2转2.1的adapter等。值得注意的是export_include_dirs这个命令,这个命令是指把这个目录下的头文件全部引入到该模块中,而在这个文件夹中,就是hal硬件抽象层的实现代码。
image.png
而这两个文件就是Composer在hal中passthrough模式进入到具体业务的入口。
最后,我们需要在下面如同应用程序注册四大组建一样,注册到Android系统的xml中:
文件:/device/linaro/hikey/manifest.xml
<hal format="hidl">
<name>android.hardware.graphics.composer</name>
<transport arch="32+64">passthrough</transport>
<version>2.1</version>
<interface>
<name>IComposer</name>
<instance>default</instance>
</interface>
</hal>
能看到的是hikey海思就是这么注册composer的,同时使用的还是passthrough模式。
当然,还有其他的如Google给的案例:
<hal format="hidl">
<name>android.hardware.graphics.composer</name>
<transport>hwbinder</transport>
<version>2.1</version>
<interface>
<name>IComposer</name>
<instance>default</instance>
</interface>
</hal>
这里则是使用Binder的方式注册hal层逻辑。
别忘了最后编写一个rc文件,让init进程解析运行起来:
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-service.rc
service vendor.hwcomposer-2-1 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-service
class hal animation
user system
group graphics drmrpc
capabilities SYS_NICE
writepid /dev/cpuset/system-background/tasks
on property:init.svc.surfaceflinger=stopped
restart vendor.hwcomposer-2-1
其实了解这么多就可以了,如果想要全面的了解hidl的使用,不妨阅读下面这片文章:
如果想要探索hwBinder 进程service的方式是如何把Compser hal进程注册到hwServiceManager,又是如何找到对应的进程的,不妨看看下面这篇文章,写的挺好的:
当我们有了一定的了解之后,我们可以进行对Composer的HAL进行解析。无论是直通模式还是binder service模式,只是启动方式不一样而已,不影响我们研究整个Composer 的HAL核心机制。
本文就以直通模式来和大家聊聊,其中的原理。
小结 hidl的启动与注册
简单的总结一下,Hal进程的启动和HIDL服务注册的原理:
还记得获得IComposer服务的方式如下:
mComposer = V2_1::IComposer::getService(serviceName);
通过getService获取。这个函数做的事情有如下几件事情:
-
1.先通过hwservicemanager 查询已经从manifest解析好的数据,先检查该服务需要以哪种形式启动的也就是Transport类型,是hwbinder的绑定模式还是passthrough的直通模式。
-
2.当为hwbinder模式时候,将会从hwservicemanager查询服务
-
3.当为passthrough模式时候,将会从PassthroughServiceManager获取服务
-
4.如果是passthrough启动,则会先先从系统目录下查找有没有对应的so,接着通过dlopen打开so,并用dlsym查找HIDL_FETCH_I+interface的名字,也就是HIDL_FETCH_IComposer方法获取IComposer对象,并执行起来。
-
5.拿到IComposer之后,就会注册到hwservicemanager
HAL passthrough模式的启动入口
我们先来看IComposer 2.1版本:
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/default/passthrough.cpp
#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposer.h>
#include <composer-passthrough/2.1/HwcLoader.h>
using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::IComposer;
using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::passthrough::HwcLoader;
extern "C" IComposer* HIDL_FETCH_IComposer(const char* /* name */) {
return HwcLoader::load();
}
可以看到本质上是HwcLoader调用了load方法实例化出来的。
HwcLoader使用IComposer 初始化
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.1/HwcLoader.h
static IComposer* load() {
const hw_module_t* module = loadModule();
if (!module) {
return nullptr;
}
auto hal = createHalWithAdapter(module);
if (!hal) {
return nullptr;
}
return createComposer(std::move(hal));
}
能从该方法初步看到,IComposer初始化分为三个步骤:
- 1.loadModule 加载hw_module_t 结构体,这个结构体实际上是一个hal模块的结构体。
- 2.createHalWithAdapter 通过hw_module_t 初始化hwc2_device_t结构体,让其拥有和顶层通信的能力也就是函数指针,并且适配2.1和2.2版本
- 3.createComposer 把hwc2_device_t转化为IComposer上传给客户端,也就是SF。
接下来,我们就围绕着着三个方法,来聊聊整个逻辑。
loadModule 加载 hw_module_t
#define HWC_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID "hwcomposer"
#define GRALLOC_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID "gralloc"
// load hwcomposer2 module
static const hw_module_t* loadModule() {
const hw_module_t* module;
int error = hw_get_module(HWC_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, &module);
if (error) {
ALOGI("falling back to gralloc module");
error = hw_get_module(GRALLOC_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, &module);
}
if (error) {
ALOGE("failed to get hwcomposer or gralloc module");
return nullptr;
}
return module;
}
能看到这个过程中会调用hw_get_module尝试获取对应名字的模块hwcomposer,如果获取不到则退化成gralloc,整个机制也就蜕化成HWC还没有出现之前的版本.我们先不去探索失败,我们来看看成功。
hw_get_module 查找 hw_module_t
文件:/hardware/libhardware/hardware.c
int hw_get_module_by_class(const char *class_id, const char *inst,
const struct hw_module_t **module)
{
...
found:
/* load the module, if this fails, we're doomed, and we should not try
* to load a different variant. */
return load(class_id, path, module);
}
int hw_get_module(const char *id, const struct hw_module_t **module)
{
return hw_get_module_by_class(id, NULL, module);
}
这个过程会根据传进来的id名字来查找是否已经有如下几个路径下的so,
#define HAL_LIBRARY_PATH1 "/system/lib64/hw"
#define HAL_LIBRARY_PATH2 "/vendor/lib64/hw"
#define HAL_LIBRARY_PATH3 "/odm/lib64/hw"
#else
#define HAL_LIBRARY_PATH1 "/system/lib/hw"
#define HAL_LIBRARY_PATH2 "/vendor/lib/hw"
#define HAL_LIBRARY_PATH3 "/odm/lib/hw"
找到了则执行load方法:
static int load(const char *id,
const char *path,
const struct hw_module_t **pHmi)
{
int status = -EINVAL;
void *handle = NULL;
struct hw_module_t *hmi = NULL;
#ifdef __ANDROID_VNDK__
const bool try_system = false;
#else
const bool try_system = true;
#endif
/*
* load the symbols resolving undefined symbols before
* dlopen returns. Since RTLD_GLOBAL is not or'd in with
* RTLD_NOW the external symbols will not be global
*/
if (try_system &&
strncmp(path, HAL_LIBRARY_PATH1, strlen(HAL_LIBRARY_PATH1)) == 0) {
/* If the library is in system partition, no need to check
* sphal namespace. Open it with dlopen.
*/
handle = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW);
} else {
handle = android_load_sphal_library(path, RTLD_NOW);
}
if (handle == NULL) {
char const *err_str = dlerror();
ALOGE("load: module=%s\n%s", path, err_str?err_str:"unknown");
status = -EINVAL;
goto done;
}
/* Get the address of the struct hal_module_info. */
const char *sym = HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM_AS_STR;
hmi = (struct hw_module_t *)dlsym(handle, sym);
if (hmi == NULL) {
ALOGE("load: couldn't find symbol %s", sym);
status = -EINVAL;
goto done;
}
/* Check that the id matches */
if (strcmp(id, hmi->id) != 0) {
ALOGE("load: id=%s != hmi->id=%s", id, hmi->id);
status = -EINVAL;
goto done;
}
hmi->dso = handle;
/* success */
status = 0;
done:
if (status != 0) {
hmi = NULL;
if (handle != NULL) {
dlclose(handle);
handle = NULL;
}
} else {
ALOGV("loaded HAL id=%s path=%s hmi=%p handle=%p",
id, path, *pHmi, handle);
}
*pHmi = hmi;
return status;
}
如果没有打开,则执行dlopen拿到对应so的句柄,接着同dlsym查找HMI字符,这个字符所指向的内存地址就是我们所说的hw_module_t.换算到现在名字可能是hwcomposer.xx.so
我们随便挑选一个作为源码解析,就以msm8960为例子:
文件:/hardware/qcom/display/msm8960/libhwcomposer/hwc.cpp
static struct hw_module_methods_t hwc_module_methods = {
open: hwc_device_open
};
hwc_module_t HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM = {
.common = {
.tag = HARDWARE_MODULE_TAG,
.version_major = 2,
.version_minor = 0,
.id = HWC_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
.name = "Qualcomm Hardware Composer Module",
.author = "CodeAurora Forum",
.methods = &hwc_module_methods,
.dso = 0,
.reserved = {0},
}
};
这样就能找到hwc_module_t对应在底层的结构体。
createHalWithAdapter 生成hw_device_t
// create a ComposerHal instance, insert an adapter if necessary
static std::unique_ptr<hal::ComposerHal> createHalWithAdapter(const hw_module_t* module) {
bool adapted;
hwc2_device_t* device = openDeviceWithAdapter(module, &adapted);
if (!device) {
return nullptr;
}
auto hal = std::make_unique<HwcHal>();
return hal->initWithDevice(std::move(device), !adapted) ? std::move(hal) : nullptr;
}
这个过程做了两件事情,第一件事情就是openDeviceWithAdapter初始化hwc2_device_t,第二件事情就是实例化HwcHal对象并且设置hwc2_device_t。
static hwc2_device_t* openDeviceWithAdapter(const hw_module_t* module, bool* outAdapted) {
if (module->id && std::string(module->id) == GRALLOC_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID) {
*outAdapted = true;
return adaptGrallocModule(module);
}
hw_device_t* device;
int error = module->methods->open(module, HWC_HARDWARE_COMPOSER, &device);
if (error) {
ALOGE("failed to open hwcomposer device: %s", strerror(-error));
return nullptr;
}
int major = (device->version >> 24) & 0xf;
if (major != 2) {
*outAdapted = true;
return adaptHwc1Device(std::move(reinterpret_cast<hwc_composer_device_1*>(device)));
}
*outAdapted = false;
return reinterpret_cast<hwc2_device_t*>(device);
}
能够看到,如果失败则会调用adaptGrallocModule,初始化的是gralloc的hal模块。成果则会调用hw_module_t中的open方法。判断如果当前主版本不是2,则调用adaptHwc1Device适配hw_device_t,最后返回。
这里需要注意一点hw_device_t,会被向下转型成hwc_composer_device_1对象后传入adaptHwc1Device。其原理和类的继承很相似,因为hwc_composer_device_1包裹了一个hw_device_t。又因为struct是连续分配的空间,这样才能够强转(这种设计在socket系统调用到处都是)。
typedef struct hwc_composer_device_1 {
struct hw_device_t common;
int (*prepare)(struct hwc_composer_device_1 *dev,
size_t numDisplays, hwc_display_contents_1_t** displays);
int (*set)(struct hwc_composer_device_1 *dev,
size_t numDisplays, hwc_display_contents_1_t** displays);
int (*eventControl)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp,
int event, int enabled);
union {
int (*blank)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp, int blank);
int (*setPowerMode)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp,
int mode);
};
int (*query)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int what, int* value);
void (*dump)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, char *buff, int buff_len);
int (*getDisplayConfigs)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp,
uint32_t* configs, size_t* numConfigs);
int (*getDisplayAttributes)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp,
uint32_t config, const uint32_t* attributes, int32_t* values);
int (*getActiveConfig)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp);
int (*setActiveConfig)(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev, int disp,
int index);
int (*setCursorPositionAsync)(struct hwc_composer_device_1 *dev, int disp, int x_pos, int y_pos);
void* reserved_proc[1];
} hwc_composer_device_1_t;
在上文能看到此时open的方法,指向的是hwc_device_open函数指针。
hwc_device_open 初始化hw_device_t
static int hwc_device_open(const struct hw_module_t* module, const char* name,
struct hw_device_t** device)
{
int status = -EINVAL;
if (!strcmp(name, HWC_HARDWARE_COMPOSER)) {
struct hwc_context_t *dev;
dev = (hwc_context_t*)malloc(sizeof(*dev));
memset(dev, 0, sizeof(*dev));
//Initialize hwc context
initContext(dev);
//Setup HWC methods
dev->device.common.tag = HARDWARE_DEVICE_TAG;
dev->device.common.version = HWC_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_2;
dev->device.common.module = const_cast<hw_module_t*>(module);
dev->device.common.close = hwc_device_close;
dev->device.prepare = hwc_prepare;
dev->device.set = hwc_set;
dev->device.eventControl = hwc_eventControl;
dev->device.blank = hwc_blank;
dev->device.query = hwc_query;
dev->device.registerProcs = hwc_registerProcs;
dev->device.dump = hwc_dump;
dev->device.getDisplayConfigs = hwc_getDisplayConfigs;
dev->device.getDisplayAttributes = hwc_getDisplayAttributes;
*device = &dev->device.common;
status = 0;
}
return status;
}
能看到在这个方法中,为hw_device_t这个结构体每一个函数指针都真正赋予了其含义,最后所有的hal层执行都会走到hwc.cpp这里。
这里要注意了version的计算并不是上面那个version_major,而是HWC_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_2。其实他的计算如下
define HWC_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_2 HARDWARE_DEVICE_API_VERSION_2(1, 2, HWC_HEADER_VERSION)
#define HARDWARE_MAKE_API_VERSION_2(maj,min,hdr) \
((((maj) & 0xff) << 24) | (((min) & 0xff) << 16) | ((hdr) & 0xffff))
很有误导性,其实是1在高24位,5在低16位,最后一个是头信息。因此是其实1.2版本,而不是版本2。
所以接下来会走到适配的分之adaptHwc1Device。
adaptHwc1Device 适配hwc2_device_t
static hwc2_device_t* adaptHwc1Device(hwc_composer_device_1* device) {
int minor = (device->common.version >> 16) & 0xf;
if (minor < 1) {
ALOGE("hwcomposer 1.0 is not supported");
device->common.close(&device->common);
return nullptr;
}
return new HWC2On1Adapter(device);
}
能看到小版本小于1则非法,只会适配大于等于的版本,就会生成一个HWC2On1Adapter对象。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
其实这个对象就是hwc2_device_t:
class HWC2On1Adapter : public hwc2_device_t
我们来看看他的构造函数。
HWC2On1Adapter::HWC2On1Adapter(hwc_composer_device_1_t* hwc1Device)
: mDumpString(),
mHwc1Device(hwc1Device),
mHwc1MinorVersion(getMinorVersion(hwc1Device)),
mHwc1SupportsVirtualDisplays(false),
mHwc1SupportsBackgroundColor(false),
mHwc1Callbacks(std::make_unique<Callbacks>(*this)),
mCapabilities(),
mLayers(),
mHwc1VirtualDisplay(),
mStateMutex(),
mCallbacks(),
mHasPendingInvalidate(false),
mPendingVsyncs(),
mPendingHotplugs(),
mDisplays(),
mHwc1DisplayMap()
{
common.close = closeHook;
getCapabilities = getCapabilitiesHook;
getFunction = getFunctionHook;
populateCapabilities();
populatePrimary();
mHwc1Device->registerProcs(mHwc1Device,
static_cast<const hwc_procs_t*>(mHwc1Callbacks.get()));
}
在这里面设置两个很核心的东西一个是getFunctionHook,一个调用了hwc_device_t的registerProcs方法。
前者是一个模版方法,调用hwc_device_t中方法指针。后者是hal层注册监听驱动的核心逻辑。
首先看看mHwc1Callbacks实际上是HWC2On1Adapter::Callbacks:
class HWC2On1Adapter::Callbacks : public hwc_procs_t {
public:
explicit Callbacks(HWC2On1Adapter& adapter) : mAdapter(adapter) {
invalidate = &invalidateHook;
vsync = &vsyncHook;
hotplug = &hotplugHook;
}
static void invalidateHook(const hwc_procs_t* procs) {
auto callbacks = static_cast<const Callbacks*>(procs);
callbacks->mAdapter.hwc1Invalidate();
}
static void vsyncHook(const hwc_procs_t* procs, int display,
int64_t timestamp) {
auto callbacks = static_cast<const Callbacks*>(procs);
callbacks->mAdapter.hwc1Vsync(display, timestamp);
}
static void hotplugHook(const hwc_procs_t* procs, int display,
int connected) {
auto callbacks = static_cast<const Callbacks*>(procs);
callbacks->mAdapter.hwc1Hotplug(display, connected);
}
private:
HWC2On1Adapter& mAdapter;
};
可以看到三个十分熟悉的回调,invalidate,vsync,hotplug。那么其实这个回调就是从底层驱动程序上传第一个回调,之后才有其他的。每个方法又会调用HWC2On1Adapter对应的回调方法。
记住,在这里面同时把hwc_procs_t三个函数指针invalidate,vsync,hotplug都指向了这个回调中的方法。换句话说所有从底层响应上来,都该类中调用所有的回调,最终都会汇总到这个Callback。
我们暂时把流程停在这里,稍后让我把监听的接进来,再去更加底层看看是怎么回事?
HwcHal的初始化
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.1/HwcHal.h
namespace android {
namespace hardware {
namespace graphics {
namespace composer {
namespace V2_1 {
namespace passthrough {
namespace detail {
using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::ColorMode;
using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::ColorTransform;
using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::Dataspace;
using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::Hdr;
using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::Transform;
// HwcHalImpl implements V2_*::hal::ComposerHal on top of hwcomposer2
template <typename Hal>
class HwcHalImpl : public Hal {
public:
virtual ~HwcHalImpl() {
if (mDevice) {
hwc2_close(mDevice);
}
}
...
bool initWithDevice(hwc2_device_t* device, bool requireReliablePresentFence) {
// we own the device from this point on
mDevice = device;
initCapabilities();
if (requireReliablePresentFence &&
hasCapability(HWC2_CAPABILITY_PRESENT_FENCE_IS_NOT_RELIABLE)) {
ALOGE("present fence must be reliable");
mDevice->common.close(&mDevice->common);
mDevice = nullptr;
return false;
}
if (!initDispatch()) {
mDevice->common.close(&mDevice->common);
mDevice = nullptr;
return false;
}
return true;
}
...
} // namespace detail
using HwcHal = detail::HwcHalImpl<hal::ComposerHal>;
} // namespace passthrough
} // namespace V2_1
} // namespace composer
} // namespace graphics
} // namespace hardware
} // namespace android
HwcHalImpl 本质上就是继承hal::ComposerHal,也就是说ComposerHal持有
将会持有一个hw_device_t结构体,作为真正的操作对象。
第二点,调用initDispatch,为mDispatch结构体中所有的函数指针都初始化。之后所有调用函数都是是通过mDispatch调用hw_device_t的方法
struct {
HWC2_PFN_ACCEPT_DISPLAY_CHANGES acceptDisplayChanges;
HWC2_PFN_CREATE_LAYER createLayer;
HWC2_PFN_CREATE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY createVirtualDisplay;
HWC2_PFN_DESTROY_LAYER destroyLayer;
HWC2_PFN_DESTROY_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY destroyVirtualDisplay;
HWC2_PFN_DUMP dump;
HWC2_PFN_GET_ACTIVE_CONFIG getActiveConfig;
HWC2_PFN_GET_CHANGED_COMPOSITION_TYPES getChangedCompositionTypes;
HWC2_PFN_GET_CLIENT_TARGET_SUPPORT getClientTargetSupport;
HWC2_PFN_GET_COLOR_MODES getColorModes;
HWC2_PFN_GET_DISPLAY_ATTRIBUTE getDisplayAttribute;
HWC2_PFN_GET_DISPLAY_CONFIGS getDisplayConfigs;
HWC2_PFN_GET_DISPLAY_NAME getDisplayName;
HWC2_PFN_GET_DISPLAY_REQUESTS getDisplayRequests;
HWC2_PFN_GET_DISPLAY_TYPE getDisplayType;
HWC2_PFN_GET_DOZE_SUPPORT getDozeSupport;
HWC2_PFN_GET_HDR_CAPABILITIES getHdrCapabilities;
HWC2_PFN_GET_MAX_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_COUNT getMaxVirtualDisplayCount;
HWC2_PFN_GET_RELEASE_FENCES getReleaseFences;
HWC2_PFN_PRESENT_DISPLAY presentDisplay;
HWC2_PFN_REGISTER_CALLBACK registerCallback;
HWC2_PFN_SET_ACTIVE_CONFIG setActiveConfig;
HWC2_PFN_SET_CLIENT_TARGET setClientTarget;
HWC2_PFN_SET_COLOR_MODE setColorMode;
HWC2_PFN_SET_COLOR_TRANSFORM setColorTransform;
HWC2_PFN_SET_CURSOR_POSITION setCursorPosition;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_BLEND_MODE setLayerBlendMode;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_BUFFER setLayerBuffer;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_COLOR setLayerColor;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_COMPOSITION_TYPE setLayerCompositionType;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_DATASPACE setLayerDataspace;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_DISPLAY_FRAME setLayerDisplayFrame;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_PLANE_ALPHA setLayerPlaneAlpha;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_SIDEBAND_STREAM setLayerSidebandStream;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_SOURCE_CROP setLayerSourceCrop;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_SURFACE_DAMAGE setLayerSurfaceDamage;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_TRANSFORM setLayerTransform;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_VISIBLE_REGION setLayerVisibleRegion;
HWC2_PFN_SET_LAYER_Z_ORDER setLayerZOrder;
HWC2_PFN_SET_OUTPUT_BUFFER setOutputBuffer;
HWC2_PFN_SET_POWER_MODE setPowerMode;
HWC2_PFN_SET_VSYNC_ENABLED setVsyncEnabled;
HWC2_PFN_VALIDATE_DISPLAY validateDisplay;
} mDispatch = {};
createComposer 构建IComposer对象
static IComposer* createComposer(std::unique_ptr<hal::ComposerHal> hal) {
return hal::Composer::create(std::move(hal)).release();
}
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/Composer.h
static std::unique_ptr<ComposerImpl> create(std::unique_ptr<Hal> hal) {
return std::make_unique<ComposerImpl>(std::move(hal));
}
很简单,本质上就是一个ComposerImpl持有了ComposerHal。
嵌套的层级有点深,接下来让我把整个UML图画出来就清晰了,再结合一下上一篇文章,梳理一下。
HWC关键数据结构.jpg
Composer初始化中Hal的工作
在上一篇文章中有两个hal方法没有进一步的聊,第一个是createClient创建IComposerClient,另一个是注册监听。
Composer创建ComposerClient
我们先把视角转移到
文件:/frameworks/native/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.cpp
Composer::Composer(const std::string& serviceName)
: mWriter(kWriterInitialSize),
mIsUsingVrComposer(serviceName == std::string("vr"))
{
mComposer = V2_1::IComposer::getService(serviceName);
mComposer->createClient(
[&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpClient)
{
if (tmpError == Error::NONE) {
mClient = tmpClient;
}
});
...
// 2.2 support is optional
sp<IComposer> composer_2_2 = IComposer::castFrom(mComposer);
if (composer_2_2 != nullptr) {
mClient_2_2 = IComposerClient::castFrom(mClient);
...
}
}
mComposer通过getService拿到hal层的IComposer对象。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/Composer.h
Return<void> createClient(IComposer::createClient_cb hidl_cb) override {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mClientMutex);
if (!waitForClientDestroyedLocked(lock)) {
hidl_cb(Error::NO_RESOURCES, nullptr);
return Void();
}
sp<IComposerClient> client = createClient();
if (!client) {
hidl_cb(Error::NO_RESOURCES, nullptr);
return Void();
}
mClient = client;
hidl_cb(Error::NONE, client);
return Void();
}
void onClientDestroyed() {
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mClientMutex);
mClient.clear();
mClientDestroyedCondition.notify_all();
}
virtual IComposerClient* createClient() {
auto client = ComposerClient::create(mHal.get());
if (!client) {
return nullptr;
}
auto clientDestroyed = [this]() { onClientDestroyed(); };
client->setOnClientDestroyed(clientDestroyed);
return client.release();
}
实际上还是调用了ComposerClient::create方法实例化一个IComposerClient方法,接着才会把这个这个方法通过回调回调出去。同时让Composer持有一个mClient对象,当销毁的时候,会调用mClient的clear方法,并且唤起阻塞。也就是指销毁一个HWC::Device的mClient对象。
接下来看看ComposerClient的create方法:
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/ComposerClient.h
static std::unique_ptr<ComposerClientImpl> create(Hal* hal) {
auto client = std::make_unique<ComposerClientImpl>(hal);
return client->init() ? std::move(client) : nullptr;
}
bool init() {
mResources = createResources();
if (!mResources) {
ALOGE("failed to create composer resources");
return false;
}
mCommandEngine = createCommandEngine();
return true;
}
virtual std::unique_ptr<ComposerResources> createResources() {
return ComposerResources::create();
}
virtual std::unique_ptr<ComposerCommandEngine> createCommandEngine() {
return std::make_unique<ComposerCommandEngine>(mHal, mResources.get());
}
能看到Client会持有两个对象,一个是ComposerResources,一个是ComposerCommandEngine。
- ComposerResources 控制整个SF的Hal的资源,如绘制面Layer,如图元
- ComposerCommandEngine 处理从SF上层到hal层的一些命令,用来实现一些需要直接通信到驱动的命令。
ComposerResources 初始化
static std::unique_ptr<ComposerResources> create() {
auto resources = std::make_unique<ComposerResources>();
return resources->init() ? std::move(resources) : nullptr;
}
bool init() { return mImporter.init(); }
在ComposerResources初始化的同时,还会初始化ComposerHandleImporter对象。
class ComposerHandleImporter {
public:
bool init() {
mMapper = mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
return mMapper != nullptr;
}
该对象初始化了一个IMapper的Hal服务,其实该Hal服务就是图元申请器。换句话说Composer将会通过ComposerResources调用ComposerHandleImporter控制图元的状态。
ComposerCommandEngine 初始化
ComposerCommandEngine(ComposerHal* hal, ComposerResources* resources)
: mHal(hal), mResources(resources) {}
这个对象等到用的时候再去理解。
这两个对象很重要,记住就好,后面会和它们打交道。
IComposer通过注册监听Hal层实现监听驱动的关键动作
还记得在SF的init方法中,我们还注册了一个Callback到Hal层中:
文件:/frameworks/native/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
void Device::registerCallback(ComposerCallback* callback, int32_t sequenceId) {
if (mRegisteredCallback) {
ALOGW("Callback already registered. Ignored extra registration "
"attempt.");
return;
}
mRegisteredCallback = true;
sp<ComposerCallbackBridge> callbackBridge(
new ComposerCallbackBridge(callback, sequenceId));
mComposer->registerCallback(callbackBridge);
}
Device中的mComposer,其实是Composer,而这个对象才是统一处理HIDL对应在客户端的对象。
void Composer::registerCallback(const sp<IComposerCallback>& callback)
{
auto ret = mClient->registerCallback(callback);
if (!ret.isOk()) {
ALOGE("failed to register IComposerCallback");
}
}
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/ComposerClient.h
Return<void> registerCallback(const sp<IComposerCallback>& callback) override {
// no locking as we require this function to be called only once
mHalEventCallback = std::make_unique<HalEventCallback>(callback, mResources.get());
mHal->registerEventCallback(mHalEventCallback.get());
return Void();
}
能看到在这里面会把IComposerCallback再一次包裹成HalEventCallback对象,才会注册到mHal,也就是HwcHalImpl对象。
来看看HalEventCallback这个包裹类:
class HalEventCallback : public Hal::EventCallback {
public:
HalEventCallback(const sp<IComposerCallback> callback, ComposerResources* resources)
: mCallback(callback), mResources(resources) {}
void onHotplug(Display display, IComposerCallback::Connection connected) {
if (connected == IComposerCallback::Connection::CONNECTED) {
mResources->addPhysicalDisplay(display);
} else if (connected == IComposerCallback::Connection::DISCONNECTED) {
mResources->removeDisplay(display);
}
auto ret = mCallback->onHotplug(display, connected);
ALOGE_IF(!ret.isOk(), "failed to send onHotplug: %s", ret.description().c_str());
}
void onRefresh(Display display) {
auto ret = mCallback->onRefresh(display);
ALOGE_IF(!ret.isOk(), "failed to send onRefresh: %s", ret.description().c_str());
}
void onVsync(Display display, int64_t timestamp) {
auto ret = mCallback->onVsync(display, timestamp);
ALOGE_IF(!ret.isOk(), "failed to send onVsync: %s", ret.description().c_str());
}
protected:
const sp<IComposerCallback> mCallback;
ComposerResources* const mResources;
};
这个方法本质上就是为了集中IComposerCallback和mResources处理。在HalEventCallback中对应每一种回调都有自己的方法,他除了会调用IComposerCallback对应的回调之外,还会特别处理屏幕的热插拔,如果是插入则将一个屏幕对象添加到ComposerResources,进行管理。
void registerEventCallback(hal::ComposerHal::EventCallback* callback) override {
mMustValidateDisplay = true;
mEventCallback = callback;
mDispatch.registerCallback(mDevice, HWC2_CALLBACK_HOTPLUG, this,
reinterpret_cast<hwc2_function_pointer_t>(hotplugHook));
mDispatch.registerCallback(mDevice, HWC2_CALLBACK_REFRESH, this,
reinterpret_cast<hwc2_function_pointer_t>(refreshHook));
mDispatch.registerCallback(mDevice, HWC2_CALLBACK_VSYNC, this,
reinterpret_cast<hwc2_function_pointer_t>(vsyncHook));
}
此时将会调用mDispatch的registerCallback方法。其实这个方法是一个模版方法,其实就是调用mDevice的registerCallback方法,并且把后面几个作为参数设置进去。
从上文就解析到mDevice其实是hw2_device_t结构体也是HWC2On1Adapter,那么其实就是调用HWC2On1Adapter中的注册方法。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/include/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.h
Error HWC2On1Adapter::registerCallback(Callback descriptor,
hwc2_callback_data_t callbackData, hwc2_function_pointer_t pointer) {
if (!isValid(descriptor)) {
return Error::BadParameter;
}
std::unique_lock<std::recursive_timed_mutex> lock(mStateMutex);
if (pointer != nullptr) {
mCallbacks[descriptor] = {callbackData, pointer};
} else {
ALOGI("unregisterCallback(%s)", to_string(descriptor).c_str());
mCallbacks.erase(descriptor);
return Error::None;
}
bool hasPendingInvalidate = false;
std::vector<hwc2_display_t> displayIds;
std::vector<std::pair<hwc2_display_t, int64_t>> pendingVsyncs;
std::vector<std::pair<hwc2_display_t, int>> pendingHotplugs;
if (descriptor == Callback::Refresh) {
hasPendingInvalidate = mHasPendingInvalidate;
if (hasPendingInvalidate) {
for (auto& displayPair : mDisplays) {
displayIds.emplace_back(displayPair.first);
}
}
mHasPendingInvalidate = false;
} else if (descriptor == Callback::Vsync) {
for (auto pending : mPendingVsyncs) {
auto hwc1DisplayId = pending.first;
if (mHwc1DisplayMap.count(hwc1DisplayId) == 0) {
ALOGE("hwc1Vsync: Couldn't find display for HWC1 id %d",
hwc1DisplayId);
continue;
}
auto displayId = mHwc1DisplayMap[hwc1DisplayId];
auto timestamp = pending.second;
pendingVsyncs.emplace_back(displayId, timestamp);
}
mPendingVsyncs.clear();
} else if (descriptor == Callback::Hotplug) {
// Hotplug the primary display
pendingHotplugs.emplace_back(mHwc1DisplayMap[HWC_DISPLAY_PRIMARY],
static_cast<int32_t>(Connection::Connected));
for (auto pending : mPendingHotplugs) {
auto hwc1DisplayId = pending.first;
if (mHwc1DisplayMap.count(hwc1DisplayId) == 0) {
ALOGE("hwc1Hotplug: Couldn't find display for HWC1 id %d",
hwc1DisplayId);
continue;
}
auto displayId = mHwc1DisplayMap[hwc1DisplayId];
auto connected = pending.second;
pendingHotplugs.emplace_back(displayId, connected);
}
}
// Call pending callbacks without the state lock held
lock.unlock();
if (hasPendingInvalidate) {
auto refresh = reinterpret_cast<HWC2_PFN_REFRESH>(pointer);
for (auto displayId : displayIds) {
refresh(callbackData, displayId);
}
}
if (!pendingVsyncs.empty()) {
auto vsync = reinterpret_cast<HWC2_PFN_VSYNC>(pointer);
for (auto& pendingVsync : pendingVsyncs) {
vsync(callbackData, pendingVsync.first, pendingVsync.second);
}
}
if (!pendingHotplugs.empty()) {
auto hotplug = reinterpret_cast<HWC2_PFN_HOTPLUG>(pointer);
for (auto& pendingHotplug : pendingHotplugs) {
hotplug(callbackData, pendingHotplug.first, pendingHotplug.second);
}
}
return Error::None;
}
能看到有2个集合,一个标志位在Hal判断是否需要回调当顶层。当mPendingHotplugs存在还没有被通知的屏幕热插拔消息的时候将会调用hotplug;当mPendingVsyncs存在还没有通知到的屏幕的同步也会调用vsync;如果需要刷新则会有hasPendingInvalidate设置true的标志。
但是,如果是SF第一次进来就肯定不会有回调,因为此时还没有任何的拿到底层的任何数据。但是会把当前的监听类型和回调的方法指针都保存到mCallbacks数组中。
此时就会直接转型为每一个回调到上层,此时就是HwcHalImpl中的refreshHook,hotplugHook,vsyncHook。
HwcHalImpl refreshHook
static void refreshHook(hwc2_callback_data_t callbackData, hwc2_display_t display) {
auto hal = static_cast<HwcHalImpl*>(callbackData);
hal->mMustValidateDisplay = true;
hal->mEventCallback->onRefresh(display);
}
此时就会回调到IComposerClient的HalEventCallback。
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/ComposerClient.h
void onRefresh(Display display) {
auto ret = mCallback->onRefresh(display);
}
这个Callback就是上层的ComposerCallbackBridge
文件:/frameworks/native/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
Return<void> onRefresh(Hwc2::Display display) override
{
mCallback->onRefreshReceived(mSequenceId, display);
return Void();
}
而这个Callback就是SF。此时就会走到SF的页面刷新
void SurfaceFlinger::onRefreshReceived(int sequenceId,
hwc2_display_t /*display*/) {
Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
return;
}
repaintEverything();
}
repaintEverything这个方法将会更新所有Layer中的图元。具体是什么意思,在之后的文章将会和大家聊聊
HwcHalImpl vsyncHook
static void vsyncHook(hwc2_callback_data_t callbackData, hwc2_display_t display,
int64_t timestamp) {
auto hal = static_cast<HwcHalImpl*>(callbackData);
hal->mEventCallback->onVsync(display, timestamp);
}
HalEventCallback onVsync
void onVsync(Display display, int64_t timestamp) {
auto ret = mCallback->onVsync(display, timestamp);
}
ComposerCallbackBridge onVsync
Return<void> onVsync(Hwc2::Display display, int64_t timestamp) override
{
mCallback->onVsyncReceived(mSequenceId, display, timestamp);
return Void();
}
最后就会走到SF中的回调
void SurfaceFlinger::onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId,
hwc2_display_t displayId, int64_t timestamp) {
Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
// Ignore any vsyncs from a previous hardware composer.
if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
return;
}
int32_t type;
if (!getBE().mHwc->onVsync(displayId, timestamp, &type)) {
return;
}
bool needsHwVsync = false;
{ // Scope for the lock
Mutex::Autolock _l(mHWVsyncLock);
if (type == DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY && mPrimaryHWVsyncEnabled) {
needsHwVsync = mPrimaryDispSync.addResyncSample(timestamp);
}
}
if (needsHwVsync) {
enableHardwareVsync();
} else {
disableHardwareVsync(false);
}
}
在这个回调中,会从硬件传来一个时间戳,对整个Vsync进行一次调整。究竟是怎么一个逻辑,我将放在后面的文章来聊。
本文最重要将会关注屏幕热插拔的回调。
HwcHalImpl hotplugHook
static void hotplugHook(hwc2_callback_data_t callbackData, hwc2_display_t display,
int32_t connected) {
auto hal = static_cast<HwcHalImpl*>(callbackData);
hal->mEventCallback->onHotplug(display,
static_cast<IComposerCallback::Connection>(connected));
}
HalEventCallback hotplugHook
void onHotplug(Display display, IComposerCallback::Connection connected) {
if (connected == IComposerCallback::Connection::CONNECTED) {
mResources->addPhysicalDisplay(display);
} else if (connected == IComposerCallback::Connection::DISCONNECTED) {
mResources->removeDisplay(display);
}
auto ret = mCallback->onHotplug(display, connected);
ALOGE_IF(!ret.isOk(), "failed to send onHotplug: %s", ret.description().c_str());
}
能看到在这个过程中就不是简单的回调,而是把回调上来的hwc2_display_t对象添加到ComposerResources中。
ComposerResources 添加Display管理
文件:/hardware/interfaces/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/ComposerResources.h
Error addPhysicalDisplay(Display display) {
auto displayResource =
createDisplayResource(ComposerDisplayResource::DisplayType::PHYSICAL, 0);
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mDisplayResourcesMutex);
auto result = mDisplayResources.emplace(display, std::move(displayResource));
return result.second ? Error::NONE : Error::BAD_DISPLAY;
}
virtual std::unique_ptr<ComposerDisplayResource> createDisplayResource(
ComposerDisplayResource::DisplayType type, uint32_t outputBufferCacheSize) {
return std::make_unique<ComposerDisplayResource>(type, mImporter, outputBufferCacheSize);
}
在这个过程中,Composer会把每一个hwc2_display_t最终封装成一个个ComposerDisplayResource,加入到集合当中。
class ComposerDisplayResource {
public:
enum class DisplayType {
PHYSICAL,
VIRTUAL,
};
ComposerDisplayResource(DisplayType type, ComposerHandleImporter& importer,
uint32_t outputBufferCacheSize)
: mType(type),
mClientTargetCache(importer),
mOutputBufferCache(importer, ComposerHandleCache::HandleType::BUFFER,
outputBufferCacheSize) {}
能看到,此时就是把ComposerResources中的图元申请服务交给ComposerDisplayResource持有,让Display自己拥有控制图元的能力,同时初始化缓存为0.
当缓存好ComposerDisplayResource之后就会继续回调,到顶层
ComposerCallbackBridge onHotplug
Return<void> onHotplug(Hwc2::Display display,
IComposerCallback::Connection conn) override
{
HWC2::Connection connection = static_cast<HWC2::Connection>(conn);
mCallback->onHotplugReceived(mSequenceId, display, connection);
return Void();
}
此时终于来到了上一篇文章中解析的SF层中屏幕的初始化流程中。
注意小结
了解了整个回调机制之后,我们能够发现其实registerCallback在Hwc1OnAdapter(也是hwc2_device_t)中做的事情仅仅只是把当前的方法指针和回调类型存储起来,同时让刚注册进来的监听消费掉还没有回调上去的消息。
到这里,整个逻辑链路似乎就断开了。我曾经看源码也苦恼了很久,发现其实真正从硬件回调上来的地方其实是Hwc1OnAdapter::Callback中的回调。他是在hwc_device_t的registerProcs的时候注册进去的。
接下来让我们探索一下他的原理。
hwc_device_t的registerProcs
调用如下:
mHwc1Device->registerProcs(mHwc1Device,
static_cast<const hwc_procs_t*>(mHwc1Callbacks.get()));
文件:/hardware/qcom/display/msm8960/libhwcomposer/hwc.cpp
static void hwc_registerProcs(struct hwc_composer_device_1* dev,
hwc_procs_t const* procs)
{
hwc_context_t* ctx = (hwc_context_t*)(dev);
if(!ctx) {
return;
}
ctx->proc = procs;
init_uevent_thread(ctx);
init_vsync_thread(ctx);
}
又一次见到这种设计把hwc_composer_device_1转型成hwc_context_t.
struct hwc_context_t {
hwc_composer_device_1_t device;
const hwc_procs_t* proc;
qhwc::CopyBit *mCopyBit[MAX_DISPLAYS];
overlay::Overlay *mOverlay;
overlay::RotMgr *mRotMgr;
//Primary and external FB updater
qhwc::IFBUpdate *mFBUpdate[MAX_DISPLAYS];
// External display related information
qhwc::ExternalDisplay *mExtDisplay;
qhwc::MDPInfo mMDP;
qhwc::VsyncState vstate;
qhwc::DisplayAttributes dpyAttr[MAX_DISPLAYS];
qhwc::ListStats listStats[MAX_DISPLAYS];
qhwc::LayerProp *layerProp[MAX_DISPLAYS];
qhwc::LayerRotMap *mLayerRotMap[MAX_DISPLAYS];
qhwc::MDPComp *mMDPComp[MAX_DISPLAYS];
qhwc::CablProp mCablProp;
overlay::utils::Whf mPrevWHF[MAX_DISPLAYS];
//Securing in progress indicator
bool mSecuring;
//External Display configuring progress indicator
bool mExtDispConfiguring;
//Display in secure mode indicator
bool mSecureMode;
//Lock to prevent set from being called while blanking
mutable Locker mBlankLock;
//Lock to protect set when detaching external disp
mutable Locker mExtSetLock;
//DMA used for rotator
bool mDMAInUse;
//MDP rotater needed
bool mNeedsRotator;
//Check if base pipe is set up
bool mBasePipeSetup;
//Flags the transition of a video session
bool mVideoTransFlag;
};
能看到这个方法初始化了2个线程,一个是vsync同步信号线程,一个是uevent的事件信号线程。还会把当前的hwc_procs_t这个回调结构体存储起来。
hwc 初始化事件线程
文件:/hardware/qcom/display/msm8960/libhwcomposer/hwc_uevents.cpp
static void *uevent_loop(void *param)
{
int len = 0;
static char udata[PAGE_SIZE];
hwc_context_t * ctx = reinterpret_cast<hwc_context_t *>(param);
char thread_name[64] = HWC_UEVENT_THREAD_NAME;
prctl(PR_SET_NAME, (unsigned long) &thread_name, 0, 0, 0);
setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, HAL_PRIORITY_URGENT_DISPLAY);
uevent_init();
while(1) {
len = uevent_next_event(udata, sizeof(udata) - 2);
handle_uevent(ctx, udata, len);
}
return NULL;
}
void init_uevent_thread(hwc_context_t* ctx)
{
pthread_t uevent_thread;
int ret;
ALOGI("Initializing UEVENT Thread");
ret = pthread_create(&uevent_thread, NULL, uevent_loop, (void*) ctx);
if (ret) {
ALOGE("%s: failed to create %s: %s", __FUNCTION__,
HWC_UEVENT_THREAD_NAME, strerror(ret));
}
}
能看到该方法其实就是实例化一个最高优先级的pthread线程,经过一个uevent_init初始化后进入了uevent_loop的循环。关键能看到下面这个死循环:
while(1) {
len = uevent_next_event(udata, (int)sizeof(udata) - 2);
handle_uevent(ctx, udata, len);
}
uevent_next_event不断的获取下一个需要处理事件,handle_uevent进行处理。
uevent_init
文件: /hardware/libhardware_legacy/uevent.c
int uevent_init()
{
struct sockaddr_nl addr;
int sz = 64*1024;
int s;
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
addr.nl_pid = getpid();
addr.nl_groups = 0xffffffff;
s = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM, NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT);
if(s < 0)
return 0;
setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUFFORCE, &sz, sizeof(sz));
if(bind(s, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
close(s);
return 0;
}
fd = s;
return (fd > 0);
}
能看到在msm8994中event的初始化其实就是一个socket服务端。这个socket设置协议族为SOCK_DGRAM也就是面向数据包的协议。同时设置了该socket是接收端,还设置了bind绑定了地址,并且回调了socket中的fd。
uevent_next_event 获取需要处理的事件
文件: /hardware/libhardware_legacy/uevent.c
int uevent_next_event(char* buffer, int buffer_length)
{
while (1) {
struct pollfd fds;
int nr;
fds.fd = fd;
fds.events = POLLIN;
fds.revents = 0;
nr = poll(&fds, 1, -1);
if(nr > 0 && (fds.revents & POLLIN)) {
int count = recv(fd, buffer, buffer_length, 0);
if (count > 0) {
struct uevent_handler *h;
pthread_mutex_lock(&uevent_handler_list_lock);
LIST_FOREACH(h, &uevent_handler_list, list)
h->handler(h->handler_data, buffer, buffer_length);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&uevent_handler_list_lock);
return count;
}
}
}
// won't get here
return 0;
}
其核心方法就是调用了poll系统调用,监听socket文件描述符中数据流的变化。一旦nr大于0,说明又说来了,就调用recv从socket中读取数据,回去遍历查找已经通过uevent_add_native_handler添加进来的回调,并返回发生变化的数量。
然而这里面并没有通过uevent_add_native_handler进来一个回调。而是直接交给下一个函数处理。
handle_uevent
文件:/hardware/qcom/display/msm8960/libhwcomposer/hwc_uevents.cpp
此时用过uevent_next_event已经把数据拷贝到uevent_data中,就开始解析数据
enum {
EXTERNAL_OFFLINE = 0,
EXTERNAL_ONLINE,
EXTERNAL_PAUSE,
EXTERNAL_RESUME
};
static void handle_uevent(hwc_context_t* ctx, const char* udata, int len)
{
const char *str = udata;
bool usecopybit = false;
int compositionType =
qdutils::QCCompositionType::getInstance().getCompositionType();
if (compositionType & (qdutils::COMPOSITION_TYPE_DYN |
qdutils::COMPOSITION_TYPE_MDP |
qdutils::COMPOSITION_TYPE_C2D)) {
usecopybit = true;
}
if(!strcasestr("change@/devices/virtual/switch/hdmi", str) &&
!strcasestr("change@/devices/virtual/switch/wfd", str)) {
return;
}
int connected = -1; // initial value - will be set to 1/0 based on hotplug
int extDpyNum = HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL;
char property[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
if((property_get("persist.sys.wfd.virtual", property, NULL) > 0) &&
(!strncmp(property, "1", PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX ) ||
(!strncasecmp(property,"true", PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX )))) {
// This means we are using Google API to trigger WFD Display
extDpyNum = HWC_DISPLAY_VIRTUAL;
}
int dpy = isHDMI(str) ? HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL : extDpyNum;
// update extDpyNum
ctx->mExtDisplay->setExtDpyNum(dpy);
while(*str) {
if (!strncmp(str, "SWITCH_STATE=", strlen("SWITCH_STATE="))) {
connected = atoi(str + strlen("SWITCH_STATE="));
//Disabled until SF calls unblank
ctx->dpyAttr[HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL].isActive = false;
//Ignored for Virtual Displays
//ToDo: we can do this in a much better way
ctx->dpyAttr[HWC_DISPLAY_VIRTUAL].isActive = true;
break;
}
str += strlen(str) + 1;
if (str - udata >= len)
break;
}
switch(connected) {
case EXTERNAL_OFFLINE:
{ // disconnect event
ctx->mExtDisplay->processUEventOffline(udata);
if(ctx->mFBUpdate[dpy]) {
Locker::Autolock _l(ctx->mExtSetLock);
delete ctx->mFBUpdate[dpy];
ctx->mFBUpdate[dpy] = NULL;
}
if(ctx->mCopyBit[dpy]){
Locker::Autolock _l(ctx->mExtSetLock);
delete ctx->mCopyBit[dpy];
ctx->mCopyBit[dpy] = NULL;
}
if(ctx->mMDPComp[dpy]) {
delete ctx->mMDPComp[dpy];
ctx->mMDPComp[dpy] = NULL;
}
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].connected = false;
Locker::Autolock _l(ctx->mExtSetLock);
//hwc comp could be on
ctx->proc->hotplug(ctx->proc, dpy, connected);
break;
}
case EXTERNAL_ONLINE:
{ // connect case
ctx->mExtDispConfiguring = true;
ctx->mExtDisplay->processUEventOnline(udata);
ctx->mFBUpdate[dpy] =
IFBUpdate::getObject(ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].xres, dpy);
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].isPause = false;
if(usecopybit)
ctx->mCopyBit[dpy] = new CopyBit();
ctx->mMDPComp[dpy] = MDPComp::getObject(
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].xres, dpy);
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].connected = true;
Locker::Autolock _l(ctx->mExtSetLock); //hwc comp could be on
ctx->proc->hotplug(ctx->proc, dpy, connected);
break;
}
case EXTERNAL_PAUSE:
{ // pause case
ctx->mExtDispConfiguring = true;
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].isActive = true;
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].isPause = true;
break;
}
case EXTERNAL_RESUME:
{ // resume case
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].isActive = true;
ctx->dpyAttr[dpy].isPause = false;
break;
}
default:
...
}
}
其实这里表达的观点很简单,首先它只解析以"change@/devices/virtual/switch/hdmi"或者"change@/devices/virtual/switch/wfd"开头的消息。这种消息的格式如下:
change@/devices/virtual/switch/hdmi ACTION=change
SWITCH_STATE=0
需要判断的类型就是SWITCH_STATE对应的字符的int是什么进行响应的处理。有4个状态:
- 1.EXTERNAL_OFFLINE 0
- 2.EXTERNAL_ONLINE 1
- 3.EXTERNAL_PAUSE 2
- 4.EXTERNAL_RESUME 3
同时dpy代表屏幕类型,如果是change@/devices/virtual/switch/hdmi消息来了,说明是物理屏幕HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL
当为EXTERNAL_OFFLINE 的时候就代表屏幕被关闭或者拔出。先调用 qhwc::ExternalDisplay->processUEventOffline,销毁保存在数组中数据,并让dpyAttr对应的id变成false,最后调用hotPlugin回调
EXTERNAL_ONLINE 代表屏幕联通了。先调用ExternalDisplay的processUEventOnline,申请资源,最后调用hotPlugin回调
EXTERNAL_PAUSE 屏幕冻结了,设置dpyAttr标志位
EXTERNAL_RESUME 屏幕恢复了,设置dpyAttr标志位
暂时理解这么多即可。
vysnc线程初始化
文件:/hardware/qcom/display/msm8960/libhwcomposer/hwc_vsync.cpp
void init_vsync_thread(hwc_context_t* ctx)
{
int ret;
pthread_t vsync_thread;
ret = pthread_create(&vsync_thread, NULL, vsync_loop, (void*) ctx);
...
}
static void *vsync_loop(void *param)
{
const char* vsync_timestamp_fb0 = "/sys/class/graphics/fb0/vsync_event";
const char* vsync_timestamp_fb1 = "/sys/class/graphics/fb1/vsync_event";
int dpy = HWC_DISPLAY_PRIMARY;
hwc_context_t * ctx = reinterpret_cast<hwc_context_t *>(param);
char thread_name[64] = HWC_VSYNC_THREAD_NAME;
prctl(PR_SET_NAME, (unsigned long) &thread_name, 0, 0, 0);
setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, HAL_PRIORITY_URGENT_DISPLAY +
android::PRIORITY_MORE_FAVORABLE);
const int MAX_DATA = 64;
static char vdata[MAX_DATA];
uint64_t cur_timestamp=0;
ssize_t len = -1;
int fd_timestamp = -1;
bool fb1_vsync = false;
bool logvsync = false;
char property[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
if(property_get("debug.hwc.fakevsync", property, NULL) > 0) {
if(atoi(property) == 1)
ctx->vstate.fakevsync = true;
}
if(property_get("debug.hwc.logvsync", property, 0) > 0) {
if(atoi(property) == 1)
logvsync = true;
}
fd_timestamp = open(vsync_timestamp_fb0, O_RDONLY);
if (fd_timestamp < 0) {
...
ctx->vstate.fakevsync = true;
}
do {
if (LIKELY(!ctx->vstate.fakevsync)) {
len = pread(fd_timestamp, vdata, MAX_DATA, 0);
if (len < 0) {
...
continue;
}
// extract timestamp
const char *str = vdata;
if (!strncmp(str, "VSYNC=", strlen("VSYNC="))) {
cur_timestamp = strtoull(str + strlen("VSYNC="), NULL, 0);
}
} else {
usleep(16666);
cur_timestamp = systemTime();
}
// send timestamp to HAL
if(ctx->vstate.enable) {
ctx->proc->vsync(ctx->proc, dpy, cur_timestamp);
}
} while (true);
if(fd_timestamp >= 0)
close (fd_timestamp);
return NULL;
}
其核心原理十分简单,也是进入到一个死循环。该循环会读取/sys/class/graphics/fb0/vsync_event下的驱动文件,如果失败说明没有硬件驱动,那就使用软件模拟,能看到这里面就会沉睡16.66毫秒。
如果成功则读取里面的数据,一般为如下格式:
VSYNC=41800875994
获取后面的数值,最后把该时间顶层回调即可。
本文对vysnc同步的信号的探索到这里,之后会结合整个SF聊聊它的原理。
回调到HWC2On1Adapter::Callbacks
我们现在暂时只关注一个屏幕的热插拔逻辑。
static void hotplugHook(const hwc_procs_t* procs, int display,
int connected) {
auto callbacks = static_cast<const Callbacks*>(procs);
callbacks->mAdapter.hwc1Hotplug(display, connected);
}
void HWC2On1Adapter::hwc1Hotplug(int hwc1DisplayId, int connected) {
ALOGV("Received hwc1Hotplug(%d, %d)", hwc1DisplayId, connected);
if (hwc1DisplayId != HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL) {
return;
}
std::unique_lock<std::recursive_timed_mutex> lock(mStateMutex);
if (mCallbacks.count(Callback::Hotplug) == 0) {
mPendingHotplugs.emplace_back(hwc1DisplayId, connected);
return;
}
hwc2_display_t displayId = UINT64_MAX;
if (mHwc1DisplayMap.count(hwc1DisplayId) == 0) {
if (connected == 0) {
ALOGW("hwc1Hotplug: Received disconnect for unconnected display");
return;
}
auto display = std::make_shared<HWC2On1Adapter::Display>(*this,
HWC2::DisplayType::Physical);
display->setHwc1Id(HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL);
display->populateConfigs();
displayId = display->getId();
mHwc1DisplayMap[HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL] = displayId;
mDisplays.emplace(displayId, std::move(display));
} else {
if (connected != 0) {
ALOGW("hwc1Hotplug: Received connect for previously connected "
"display");
return;
}
displayId = mHwc1DisplayMap[hwc1DisplayId];
mHwc1DisplayMap.erase(HWC_DISPLAY_EXTERNAL);
mDisplays.erase(displayId);
}
const auto& callbackInfo = mCallbacks[Callback::Hotplug];
lock.unlock();
auto hotplug = reinterpret_cast<HWC2_PFN_HOTPLUG>(callbackInfo.pointer);
auto hwc2Connected = (connected == 0) ?
HWC2::Connection::Disconnected : HWC2::Connection::Connected;
hotplug(callbackInfo.data, displayId, static_cast<int32_t>(hwc2Connected));
}
如果没有注册热插拔的监听,则会保存到mPendingHotplugs集合中,等待回调监听。
该回调只处理物理屏幕的逻辑。如果connect是0且mHwc1DisplayMap大于0说明有屏幕链接过,现在断开链接了,则从mHwc1DisplayMap中销毁对应id,销毁mDisplays对应的屏幕对象对象。
如果connect为1,说明有屏幕链接进来了。此时会生成一个HWC2On1Adapter::Display对象保存mDisplays。最后就是走上面registerCallback之上的逻辑了。
总结
重新梳理一遍:
- Composer其实最重要的行为就是createClient,创建一个ComposerClient,ComposerClient此时真正的逻辑核心。
- ComposerClient会持有HwcHalImpl,该类因为持有这hw2_device_t,所以拥有了和硬件通信的能力。ComposerResource中持有ComposerInputHandler这个对象负责图元服务的控制。ComposerCommandEngine则是处理一些来自上层的命令。
- HWC2On1Adapter则是为了适配hw_device_t和版本2之间的区别,同时注册一个监听到驱动中。
- 对于回调来讲,分为两部分,当registerCallback的时候会消耗从底层回调上来。另一部分则是从底层直接拿到对应的HwcHalImpl的hook函数向上回调。
原理如图:
ComposerCallback.png
了解Hal层的运作原理,为之后的逻辑打下基础。
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