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之钉钉推送

之钉钉推送

作者: 鬼子口音 | 来源:发表于2021-07-13 13:56 被阅读0次

    如果你希望通过钉钉接收信息通知(注意不是钉钉邮件,所有邮件操作已经在上一小节讲过)

    在钉钉上设置一个群机器人,钉钉个人权限所致。

    如果为企业权限请详细参考 https://developers.dingtalk.com/document

    • 添加一个自定义机器人并指定群组
    • 得到一个 Webhook 地址
    • 出于安全考虑,添加签名,即 secret

    根据 https://developers.dingtalk.com/document/app/custom-robot-access?spm=ding_open_doc.document.0.0.6d9d28e1ji2ImR#topic-2026027 使用 Python 实现一个机器人推送功能

    文本推送

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import requests
    import json
    import time
    import hmac
    import hashlib
    import base64
    import urllib.parse
    
    
    def dingMessage():
        timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
        secret = 'SEC21022...cf06a65a761c86eb4027b'
        secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
        string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
        string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
        hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
        sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
        print(timestamp)
        print(sign)
    
        # 请求的URL,WebHook地址
        webhook = f"https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=33576dfcb4...7bc0ec08354cc181a&timestamp={timestamp}&sign={sign}"
        # 构建请求头部
        header = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Charset": "UTF-8"
        }
        # 构建请求数据
        tex = "呼叫0号呼叫0号"
        message = {
            "msgtype": "text",
            "text": {
                "content": f" @137....97091 {tex}"
            },
    
            # todo 是否@所有人
            "at": {
                "atMobiles": [
                    "137...7091"
                ],
                "isAtAll": False
            }
    
        }
        # 对请求的数据进行json封装
        message_json = json.dumps(message)
        # 发送请求
        info = requests.post(url=webhook, data=message_json, headers=header)
        # 打印返回的结果
        print(info.text)
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        dingMessage()
    

    做了什么

    • secret 机器人加签
    • webhook 机器人API地址,参数组成: timestamp(时间戳) sign(sha256加密后base64编码生成的签名)
    • tex 文本信息
    • message 主体对象,选择@相关的人(这里根据手机号码)

    markdown推送

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import json
    
    import requests
    
    
    def dingmessage():
        import time
        import hmac
        import hashlib
        import base64
        import urllib.parse
    
        timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
        secret = 'SEC21022b79....9cf06a65a761c86eb4027b'
        secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
        string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
        string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
        hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
        sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
        print(timestamp)
        print(sign)
    
        # 请求的URL,WebHook地址
        webhook = f"https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=33576dfc....4800d577bc0ec08354cc181a&timestamp={timestamp}&sign={sign}"
        # 构建请求头部
        header = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Charset": "UTF-8"
        }
        message = {
            "msgtype": "markdown",
            # "text": {
            #     "content": f" @137...97091 {tex}"
            # },
    
            "markdown": {
                "title": "杭州天气",
                "text": "#### 杭州天气 @155...773 \n> 900度,西北风1级,空气良8009,相对温度673%\n> [![screenshot](https://img.alicdn.com/tfs/TB1NwmBEL9TBuNjy1zbXXXpepXa-2400-1218.png)](https://developers.dingtalk.com/document/app/send-normal-messages)\n> ###### 10点20分发布 [天气](https://www.dingtalk.com) \n"
            },
    
            # todo 是否@所有人
            "at": {
                "atMobiles": [
                    "15....773"
                ],
                "isAtAll": False
            }
    
        }
        # 对请求的数据进行json封装
        message_json = json.dumps(message)
        # 发送请求
        info = requests.post(url=webhook, data=message_json, headers=header)
        # 打印返回的结果
        print(info.text)
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        dingmessage()
    

    网页链接

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import json
    
    import requests
    
    
    def dingmessage():
        import time
        import hmac
        import hashlib
        import base64
        import urllib.parse
    
        timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
        secret = 'SEC21022b792577....8639cf06a65a761c86eb4027b'
        secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
        string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
        string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
        hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
        sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
        print(timestamp)
        print(sign)
        # 请求的URL,WebHook地址
        webhook = f"https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=33576dfcb4....800d577bc0ec08354cc181a&timestamp={timestamp}&sign={sign}"
    
        header = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Charset": "UTF-8"
        }
    
        message = {
            "msgtype": "link",
            "link": {
                "text": "这个即将发布的新版本,创始人xx称它为红树林。而在此之前,每当面临重大升级,产品经理们都会取一个应景的代号,这一次,为什么是红树林",
                "title": "时代的火车向前开",
                "picUrl": "",
                "messageUrl": "https://www.dingtalk.com/s?__biz=MzA4NjMwMTA2Ng==&mid=2650316842&idx=1&sn=60da3ea2b29f1dcc43a7c8e4a7c97a16&scene=2&srcid=09189AnRJEdIiWVaKltFzNTw&from=timeline&isappinstalled=0&key=&ascene=2&uin=&devicetype=android-23&version=26031933&nettype=WIFI"
            },
    
            # todo 是否@所有人
            "at": {
                "atMobiles": [
                    "15....8773"
                ],
                "isAtAll": False
            }
    
        }
        message_json = json.dumps(message)
        info = requests.post(url=webhook, data=message_json, headers=header)
        print(info.text)
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        dingmessage()
    

    卡片推送

    整体跳转ActionCard类型

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import json
    
    import requests
    
    
    def dingmessage():
        import time
        import hmac
        import hashlib
        import base64
        import urllib.parse
    
        timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
        secret = 'SEC21022b7925....064668639cf06a65a761c86eb4027b'
        secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
        string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
        string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
        hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
        sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
        print(timestamp)
        print(sign)
        # 请求的URL,WebHook地址
        webhook = f"https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=33576dfcb.....4800d577bc0ec08354cc181a&timestamp={timestamp}&sign={sign}"
    
        header = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Charset": "UTF-8"
        }
    
        message = {
            "msgtype": "actionCard",
            "actionCard": {
                "text": "![screenshot](https://img.alicdn.com/tfs/TB1NwmBEL9TBuNjy1zbXXXpepXa-2400-1218.png) \n\n #### 乔布斯 20 年前想打造的苹果咖啡厅 \n\n Apple Store 的设计正从原来满满的科技感走向生活化,而其生活化的走向其实可以追溯到 20 年前苹果一个建立咖啡馆的计划",
                "title": "时代的火车向前开",
                "btnOrientation": "0", 
                "singleTitle" : "阅读全文",
                "singleURL" : "https://www.dingtalk.com/"
            },
    
            # todo 是否@所有人
            "at": {
                "atMobiles": [
                    "155....8773"
                ],
                "isAtAll": False
            }
    
        }
        message_json = json.dumps(message)
        info = requests.post(url=webhook, data=message_json, headers=header)
        print(info.text)
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        dingmessage()
    

    独立跳转ActionCard类型

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import json
    
    import requests
    
    
    def dingmessage():
        import time
        import hmac
        import hashlib
        import base64
        import urllib.parse
    
        timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
        secret = 'SEC21022b792.....39cf06a65a761c86eb4027b'
        secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
        string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
        string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
        hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
        sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
        print(timestamp)
        print(sign)
        # 请求的URL,WebHook地址
        webhook = f"https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=33576dfcb4.....0ec08354cc181a&timestamp={timestamp}&sign={sign}"
    
        header = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Charset": "UTF-8"
        }
    
        message = {
            "msgtype": "actionCard",
            "actionCard": {
                "text": "![screenshot](https://img.alicdn.com/tfs/TB1NwmBEL9TBuNjy1zbXXXpepXa-2400-1218.png) \n\n #### 乔布斯 20 年前想打造的苹果咖啡厅 \n\n Apple Store 的设计正从原来满满的科技感走向生活化,而其生活化的走向其实可以追溯到 20 年前苹果一个建立咖啡馆的计划",
                "title": "时代的火车向前开",
                "hideAvatar": "0",
                "btnOrientation": "1",
                "btns": [
                    {
                        "title": "内容不错",
                        "actionURL": "https://www.dingtalk.com/"
                    },
                    {
                        "title": "不感兴趣",
                        "actionURL": "https://www.dingtalk.com/"
                    }
                ]
            },
    
            # todo 是否@所有人
            "at": {
                "atMobiles": [
                    "155....8773"
                ],
                "isAtAll": False
            }
    
        }
        message_json = json.dumps(message)
        info = requests.post(url=webhook, data=message_json, headers=header)
        print(info.text)
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        dingmessage()
    

    以上就是钉钉群机器人通知的几种类型。

    总而言之钉钉机器人推送是一种非常不错的选择,足以应对日常工作中的各类场景 (定时提醒阈值告警事件通知 等等)

    本篇文章由一文多发平台ArtiPub自动发布

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