ubuntu软件更新经常提示：
2017-12-10 13:16:52屏幕截图.png
通过网上搜索看到一个有用的帖子http://blog.csdn.net/longfeiah/article/details/38531515得知原因为系统升级会下载多余的内核。
解决办法如下：
1、命令：
dpkg --get-selections |grep linux//带image的为系统内核
2017-12-10 13:18:59屏幕截图.png
2、命令：
uname -a //查看系统当前使用内核
2017-12-10 13:20:19屏幕截图.png
3、命令：
sudo apt-get remove image-3.19.0-25-generic
2017-12-10 13:24:53屏幕截图.png
表明之前已经删除过此内核，再1中通过deinstalled也可以看出。
4、命令：sudo apt-get remove image-3.19.0-80-generic
wdh@wdh-ThinkPad-X230:~$ sudo apt-get remove image-3.19.0-80-generic
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
正在读取状态信息... 完成
注意，根据正则表达式 image-3.19.0-80-generic 选中了 linux-image-3.19.0-80-generic
注意，根据正则表达式 image-3.19.0-80-generic 选中了 linux-signed-image-3.19.0-80-generic
Package 'linux-signed-image-3.19.0-80-generic' is not installed, so not removed
下列软件包是自动安装的并且现在不需要了：
anjuta-common fonts-opensymbol gtkpod-data id3v2 kde-l10n-engb kde-l10n-zhcn
libanjuta-3-0 libao-common libao4 libatomicparsley0 libboost-date-time1.54.0
libboost-system1.54.0 libcdr-0.0-0 libclucene-contribs1 libcmis-0.4-4
libcolamd2.8.0 libexttextcat-2.0-0 libexttextcat-data libgdl-3-5
libgdl-3-common libgtkpod1 libhyphen0 libid3-3.8.3c2a libid3tag0
liblangtag-common liblangtag1 libllvm3.6 libmspub-0.0-0 libmythes-1.2-0
libneon27-gnutls libntdb1 liborcus-0.6-0 libreoffice-style-human
libvisio-0.0-0 libwpd-0.9-9 libwpg-0.2-2 libwps-0.2-2
linux-headers-3.19.0-25 linux-headers-3.19.0-25-generic
linux-headers-generic-lts-vivid lp-solve python-ntdb uno-libs3 ure
vorbis-tools xfonts-mathml
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
下列软件包将被【卸载】：
linux-generic-lts-vivid linux-image-3.19.0-80-generic
linux-image-extra-3.19.0-80-generic linux-image-generic-lts-vivid
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 0 个软件包，要卸载 4 个软件包，有 7 个软件包未被升级。
解压缩后将会空出 208 MB 的空间。
您希望继续执行吗？ [Y/n] Y
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 286812 个文件和目录。)
正在卸载 linux-generic-lts-vivid (3.19.0.80.62) ...
正在卸载 linux-image-generic-lts-vivid (3.19.0.80.62) ...
正在卸载 linux-image-extra-3.19.0-80-generic (3.19.0-80.88~14.04.1) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.19.0-80-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-101-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-101-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-98-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-98-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.19.0-80-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
Found Windows 8 (loader) on /dev/sda1
done
正在卸载 linux-image-3.19.0-80-generic (3.19.0-80.88~14.04.1) ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.19.0-80-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.19.0-80-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-80-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-101-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-101-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-98-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-98-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
Found Windows 8 (loader) on /dev/sda1
done
5、以后遇到这样的问题，可以继续多余的内核文件删除。
6、输入sudo update-grub更新一下引导启动项。切记！切记！否则更改了启动项可能要重装系统。
2017-12-10 14:17:01屏幕截图.png
7、再查看一下内核的情况
2017-12-10 14:04:34屏幕截图.png
可以看到，image-3.19.0-825-generic和image-3.19.0-80-generic均为deinstalled状态
8、此刻，按win键打开dashboard，输入update打开软件更新器
2017-12-10 14:11:10屏幕截图.png
2017-12-10 14:13:48屏幕截图.png
安装更新成功！
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